257 research outputs found
Learning Personalized End-to-End Goal-Oriented Dialog
Most existing works on dialog systems only consider conversation content
while neglecting the personality of the user the bot is interacting with, which
begets several unsolved issues. In this paper, we present a personalized
end-to-end model in an attempt to leverage personalization in goal-oriented
dialogs. We first introduce a Profile Model which encodes user profiles into
distributed embeddings and refers to conversation history from other similar
users. Then a Preference Model captures user preferences over knowledge base
entities to handle the ambiguity in user requests. The two models are combined
into the Personalized MemN2N. Experiments show that the proposed model achieves
qualitative performance improvements over state-of-the-art methods. As for
human evaluation, it also outperforms other approaches in terms of task
completion rate and user satisfaction.Comment: Accepted by AAAI 201
Text Assisted Insight Ranking Using Context-Aware Memory Network
Extracting valuable facts or informative summaries from multi-dimensional
tables, i.e. insight mining, is an important task in data analysis and business
intelligence. However, ranking the importance of insights remains a challenging
and unexplored task. The main challenge is that explicitly scoring an insight
or giving it a rank requires a thorough understanding of the tables and costs a
lot of manual efforts, which leads to the lack of available training data for
the insight ranking problem. In this paper, we propose an insight ranking model
that consists of two parts: A neural ranking model explores the data
characteristics, such as the header semantics and the data statistical
features, and a memory network model introduces table structure and context
information into the ranking process. We also build a dataset with text
assistance. Experimental results show that our approach largely improves the
ranking precision as reported in multi evaluation metrics.Comment: Accepted to AAAI 201
Thickness dependence of superconductivity and superconductor-insulator transition in ultrathin FeSe films on SrTiO3(001) substrate
Interface-enhanced high-temperature superconductivity in one unit-cell (UC)
FeSe film on SrTiO3(001) (STO) substrate has recently attracted much attention
in condensed matter physics and material science. Here, by ex situ transport
measurements, we report on the superconductivity in FeSe ultra-thin films with
different thickness on STO substrate. We find that the onset superconducting
transition temperature (Tc) decreases with increasing film thickness of FeSe,
which is opposite to the behavior usually observed in traditional
superconductor films. By systematic post-annealing of 5 UC FeSe films, we
observe an insulator to superconductor transition, which is accompanied with a
sign change of the dominated charge carriers from holes to electrons at low
temperatures according to the corresponding Hall measurement
Fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase deficiency: estimation of prevalence in the Chinese population and analysis of genotype-phenotype association
ObjectiveFructose-1,6-bisphosphatase deficiency (FBP1D) is a rare inborn error due to mutations in the FBP1 gene. The genetic spectrum of FBP1D in China is unknown, also nonspecific manifestations confuse disease diagnosis. We systematically estimated the FBP1D prevalence in Chinese and explored genotype-phenotype association.MethodsWe collected 101 FBP1 variants from our cohort and public resources, and manually curated pathogenicity of these variants. Ninety-seven pathogenic or likely pathogenic variants were used in our cohort to estimate Chinese FBP1D prevalence by three methods: 1) carrier frequency, 2) permutation and combination, 3) Bayesian framework. Allele frequencies (AFs) of these variants in our cohort, China Metabolic Analytics Project (ChinaMAP) and gnomAD were compared to reveal the different hotspots in Chinese and other populations. Clinical and genetic information of 122 FBP1D patients from our cohort and published literature were collected to analyze the genotype-phenotypes association. Phenotypes of 68 hereditary fructose intolerance (HFI) patients from our previous study were used to compare the phenotypic differences between these two fructose metabolism diseases.ResultsThe estimated Chinese FBP1D prevalence was 1/1,310,034. In the Chinese population, c.490G>A and c.355G>A had significantly higher AFs than in the non-Finland European population, and c.841G>A had significantly lower AF value than in the South Asian population (all p values < 0.05). The genotype-phenotype association analyses showed that patients carrying homozygous c.841G>A were more likely to present increased urinary glycerol, carrying two CNVs (especially homozygous exon1 deletion) were often with hepatic steatosis, carrying compound heterozygous variants were usually with lethargy, and carrying homozygous variants were usually with ketosis and hepatic steatosis (all p values < 0.05). By comparing to phenotypes of HFI patients, FBP1D patients were more likely to present hypoglycemia, metabolic acidosis, and seizures (all p-value < 0.05).ConclusionThe prevalence of FBP1D in the Chinese population is extremely low. Genetic sequencing could effectively help to diagnose FBP1D
Learning to View: Decision Transformers for Active Object Detection
Active perception describes a broad class of techniques that couple planning
and perception systems to move the robot in a way to give the robot more
information about the environment. In most robotic systems, perception is
typically independent of motion planning. For example, traditional object
detection is passive: it operates only on the images it receives. However, we
have a chance to improve the results if we allow planning to consume detection
signals and move the robot to collect views that maximize the quality of the
results. In this paper, we use reinforcement learning (RL) methods to control
the robot in order to obtain images that maximize the detection quality.
Specifically, we propose using a Decision Transformer with online fine-tuning,
which first optimizes the policy with a pre-collected expert dataset and then
improves the learned policy by exploring better solutions in the environment.
We evaluate the performance of proposed method on an interactive dataset
collected from an indoor scenario simulator. Experimental results demonstrate
that our method outperforms all baselines, including expert policy and pure
offline RL methods. We also provide exhaustive analyses of the reward
distribution and observation space.Comment: Accepted to ICRA 202
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