Catalyst-Free and Redox-Neutral Innate Trifluoromethylation and Alkylation of Aromatics Enabled by Light

The Minisci alkylation is useful to functionalize aromatics via alkyl radical addition. Current approaches to prepare alkyl radicals follow either oxidative or reductive pathways from various functional groups. Developing new strategy beyond these traditional methods remains elusive yet highly significant. In this article, we present a redox-neutral and catalyst-free protocol to engender alkyl radicals in the context of trifluoromethylation and general alkylation of arenes. This protocol, via the Norrish type I concept to produce alkyl radicals, accommodates various functional groups and delivers the product in good yields. This method identified a series of compounds as the trifluoromethylation and alkylation reagents assisted by light. It is expected that these compounds can find potential applications in other radical-involved reactions

Iron-Catalyzed Highly Enantioselective Hydrosilylation of Unactivated Terminal Alkenes

The iron-catalyzed highly Markovnikov-type selective and enantioselective hydrosilylation of terminal aliphatic alkenes with good functional group tolerance is developed. This operationally simple protocol uses earth-abundant transition metal catalyst, readily available aliphatic alkenes and hydrosilanes to construct valuable chiral organosilanes with better than 99% ee in most cases. The chiral aliphatic alkan-2-ol and chiral dihydroxysilane as an analogue of ketone could be efficiently synthesized via further derivatization of chiral organosilanes without any racemization

Iron-Catalyzed Highly Enantioselective Hydrosilylation of Unactivated Terminal Alkenes

The iron-catalyzed highly Markovnikov-type selective and enantioselective hydrosilylation of terminal aliphatic alkenes with good functional group tolerance is developed. This operationally simple protocol uses earth-abundant transition metal catalyst, readily available aliphatic alkenes and hydrosilanes to construct valuable chiral organosilanes with better than 99% ee in most cases. The chiral aliphatic alkan-2-ol and chiral dihydroxysilane as an analogue of ketone could be efficiently synthesized via further derivatization of chiral organosilanes without any racemization

Iron-Catalyzed Highly Enantioselective Hydrosilylation of Unactivated Terminal Alkenes

The iron-catalyzed highly Markovnikov-type selective and enantioselective hydrosilylation of terminal aliphatic alkenes with good functional group tolerance is developed. This operationally simple protocol uses earth-abundant transition metal catalyst, readily available aliphatic alkenes and hydrosilanes to construct valuable chiral organosilanes with better than 99% ee in most cases. The chiral aliphatic alkan-2-ol and chiral dihydroxysilane as an analogue of ketone could be efficiently synthesized via further derivatization of chiral organosilanes without any racemization

Stable Negative Optical Torque in Optically Bound Nanoparticle Dimers

Negative optical torque is a counterintuitive optomechanical phenomenon that can emerge in light-assembled nanoparticle (NP) clusters (i.e., optical matter) under circular polarization. However, in experiments, stable negative torque was limited to optical matter with 3 or more NPs. Here, we show that by increasing the particle size, the sign of optical torque can be reversed in optical matter dimers, where stable negative torque arises in dimers of 300 nm diameter Au or 490 nm diameter polystyrene NPs. Our computational analysis reveals that the multipolar resonances in large NPs can enhance the forward scattering along the spin angular momentum (SAM) direction of light, creating a recoil negative torque due to momentum conservation. The observation of stable negative torque in dimers pushes the limit to the smallest optical matter, demonstrating the universal existence of negative torque in such a system. The underlying principle also provides new strategies for making light-driven nanomotors

Bimetallic Mn-Ce loaded on different zeolite carriers applied in the toluene abatement in air by non–thermal plasma DDBD Reactor

A sequence of zeolite carriers (Carrier = ZSM-5, Small crystal ZSM-5, MCM-41, SBA-15) were used to support active metals Mn-Ce, which have presented an enormous potential for plasma oxidation of toluene in air. The prepared samples were detected by means of N2 adsorption-desorption, SEM, XPS, H2-TPR, etc. Through the activity evaluation in the Non-thermal Plasma Reactor, we found that the catalysts with different carriers showed distinct degradation activities. The performance of mesoporous supported catalysts was better than that of microporous catalysts, of which MCM-41 performed best. 96.3% of toluene can be decomposed, and 97.3% of degraded toluene converted into final products CO2 completely at the initial concentration of 1000 ppm and SIE of 9 kJ/L. From the results, we can see that the appropriate carrier is conducive to maximizing the efficiency of the active metal, and Mn-Ce/MCM-41 got the best performance in the plasma catalysis for toluene abatement.</p

PCR and Southern blot hybridization (bottom) analyses.

<p><b>a)</b> Comparison of PCR and PCR-Southern bolt hybridization between the genomes of the full-length <i>hpaXm</i>-transgenic plants and the N-terminal leader peptide (1-MNSLNTQIGANSSFL-15) deletion mutant <i>hpaXmΔLP</i>-transgenic plants. Lanes 1–4 are four randomly selected T₁ plants of <i>hpaXm</i>-transgenic plants and of the <i>hpaXmΔLP</i>-transgenic plants. Lane 5 is the representative Vec transgenic plant T₁-V35. Lane 6 is of the ddH₂O as a template. Lane 7 is of the plasmids pBI121::<i>hpaXm</i> or pBI121::<i>hpaXmΔLP</i> as templates. <b>b)</b> Comparison of genomic Southern blot hybridization of representative transgenic plants T₁-101-3 transformed with <i>hpaXm</i> gene (left) and T₁-103-5 with <i>hpaXmΔLP</i> gene (right). Lanes 1 are the genomes digested by enzymes <i>EcoR</i>I and <i>BamH</i>I coded on top and the genomic Southern blot hybridization coded on bottom. Lane M are the markers. Note: The arrows indicate hybridizing bands.</p

Stable Negative Optical Torque in Optically Bound Nanoparticle Dimers

Negative optical torque is a counterintuitive optomechanical phenomenon that can emerge in light-assembled nanoparticle (NP) clusters (i.e., optical matter) under circular polarization. However, in experiments, stable negative torque was limited to optical matter with 3 or more NPs. Here, we show that by increasing the particle size, the sign of optical torque can be reversed in optical matter dimers, where stable negative torque arises in dimers of 300 nm diameter Au or 490 nm diameter polystyrene NPs. Our computational analysis reveals that the multipolar resonances in large NPs can enhance the forward scattering along the spin angular momentum (SAM) direction of light, creating a recoil negative torque due to momentum conservation. The observation of stable negative torque in dimers pushes the limit to the smallest optical matter, demonstrating the universal existence of negative torque in such a system. The underlying principle also provides new strategies for making light-driven nanomotors

Stable Negative Optical Torque in Optically Bound Nanoparticle Dimers

Negative optical torque is a counterintuitive optomechanical phenomenon that can emerge in light-assembled nanoparticle (NP) clusters (i.e., optical matter) under circular polarization. However, in experiments, stable negative torque was limited to optical matter with 3 or more NPs. Here, we show that by increasing the particle size, the sign of optical torque can be reversed in optical matter dimers, where stable negative torque arises in dimers of 300 nm diameter Au or 490 nm diameter polystyrene NPs. Our computational analysis reveals that the multipolar resonances in large NPs can enhance the forward scattering along the spin angular momentum (SAM) direction of light, creating a recoil negative torque due to momentum conservation. The observation of stable negative torque in dimers pushes the limit to the smallest optical matter, demonstrating the universal existence of negative torque in such a system. The underlying principle also provides new strategies for making light-driven nanomotors

PCR and CaMV35S promoter sequence analyses.

<p>Lanes 1–4 are <b>a)</b> HpaXm coded on top and CaMV35S promoter coded on bottom from the genome of four randomly selected T₁ plants of <i>hpaXm</i>-transgenic lines and <b>b)</b> HpaXmΔLP coded on top and CaMV35S promoter coded on bottom from the genome of four randomly selected T₁ <i>hpaXmΔLP</i>-transgenic plants. Markers (M) are 2000, 1000, 750, and 500 bp. Lane 5 is a negative control of transgenic tobacco genomes with empty vector as template. Lane 6 is a blank control of ddH₂O as template. Lane 7 is a positive control of plasmids <b>a)</b> pBI121::<i>hpaXmΔLP</i> <b>b)</b> pBI12::<i>hpaXm</i> as template.</p