2,801 research outputs found
Range-Angle-Dependent Beamforming by Frequency Diverse Array Antenna
This paper proposes a range-angle-dependent beamforming for frequency diverse array (FDA) antenna systems. Unlike conventional phased-array antenna, the FDA antenna employs a small amount of frequency increment compared to the carrier frequency across the array elements. The use of frequency increment generates an antenna pattern that is a function of range, time and angle. The range-angle-dependent beamforming allows the FDA antenna to transmit energy over a desired range or angle. This provides a potential to suppress range-dependent clutter and interference which is not accessible for conventional phased-array systems. In this paper, a FDA radar signal model is formed and the range-angle-dependent beamforming performance is examined by analyzing the transmit/receive beampatterns and the output signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) performance. Extensive simulation examples and results are provided
Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) family in arthropods : Cloning and expression analysis of two MIF and one D-dopachrome tautomerase (DDT) homologues in Mud crabs, Scylla paramamosain
Acknowledgements This research was supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 31172438 and U1205123), the Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province (No. 2012J06008 and 201311180002) and the projects-sponsored by SRF. TW received funding from the MASTS pooling initiative (The Marine Alliance for Science and Technology for Scotland) funded by the Scottish Funding Council (grant reference HR09011) and contributing institutions.Peer reviewedPostprin
Optical absorption properties of Ge2–44 and P-doped Ge nanoparticles
The optical absorption properties of non-crystalline and crystalline Ge nanoparticles with the sizes from ∼2.5 to 15 Å have been studied at the B3LYP/6-31G level using time-dependent density functional theory. Hydrogen passivation and phosphorus doping on some selected Ge nanoparticles were also calculated. With the increase of cluster size, the optical absorption spectra of the non-crystalline Ge nanoparticles change from many peaks to a continuous broad band and at the same time exhibit a systematic red-shift. Doping phosphorus also causes the absorption spectra to shift toward the lower energy region for both non-crystalline and crystalline Ge nanoparticles. The non-crystalline Ge nanoparticles are found to have stronger absorption in the visible region in comparison with the crystalline ones, regardless phosphorus doping
Threshold quantum cryptograph based on Grover's algorithm
Grover's operator in the two-qubit case can transform a basis into its
conjugated basis. A permutation operator can transform a state in the two
conjugated bases into its orthogonal state. These properties are included in a
threshold quantum protocol. The proposed threshold quantum protocol is secure
based the proof that the legitimate participators can only eavesdrop 2 bits of
3 bits operation information on one two-qubit with error probability 3/8. We
propose a scheme to detect the Trojan horse attack without destroying the legal
qubit.Comment: 7 pages, 1 figure
Multilevel leapfrogging initialization for quantum approximate optimization algorithm
The quantum approximate optimization algorithm (QAOA) is a prospective hybrid
quantum-classical algorithm widely used to solve combinatorial optimization
problems. However, the external parameter optimization required in QAOA tends
to consume extensive resources to find the optimal parameters of the
parameterized quantum circuit, which may be the bottleneck of QAOA. To meet
this challenge, we first propose multilevel leapfrogging learning (M-Leap) that
can be extended to quantum reinforcement learning, quantum circuit design, and
other domains. M-Leap incrementally increases the circuit depth during
optimization and predicts the initial parameters at level () based
on the optimized parameters at level , cutting down the optimization rounds.
Then, we propose a multilevel leapfrogging-interpolation strategy (MLI) for
initializing optimizations by combining M-Leap with the interpolation
technique. We benchmark its performance on the Maxcut problem. Compared with
the Interpolation-based strategy (INTERP), MLI cuts down at least half the
number of rounds of optimization for the classical outer learning loop.
Remarkably, the simulation results demonstrate that the running time of MLI is
1/3 of INTERP when MLI gets quasi-optimal solutions. In addition, we present
the greedy-MLI strategy by introducing multi-start, which is an extension of
MLI. The simulation results show that greedy-MLI can get a higher average
performance than the remaining two methods. With their efficiency to find the
quasi-optima in a fraction of costs, our methods may shed light in other
quantum algorithms
5,6-Dihydro-2H-1,3-dithiolo[4,5-b][1,4]dioxine-2-thione
The title molecule, C5H4O2S3, consists of a planar [mean deviation = 0.020 (1) Å] 1,3-dithiole-2-thione unit with an ethylenedioxy group in the 4,5-positions. The dioxine ring is in a twist-chair conformation
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