7 research outputs found
Triterpenes from the Aerial Parts of <i>Cimicifuga yunnanensis</i> and Their Antiproliferative Effects on p53<sup>N236S</sup> Mouse Embryonic Fibroblasts
Nine new triterpene derivatives,
yunnanterpenes AâF (<b>1</b>â<b>6</b>),
15,16-seco-cimiterpenes A and B (<b>7</b>, <b>8</b>),
and cimilactone C (<b>9</b>), and 15 known analogues (<b>10</b>â<b>24</b>) were isolated from the aerial parts
of <i>Cimicifuga yunnanensis</i>. The new structures were
established using a combination of MS, NMR, and single-crystal X-ray
diffraction techniques. WT MEFs (wild-type mouse embryonic fibroblasts)
and tumorigenic cell lines <i>p</i>53<sup><i>â/â</i></sup>+H-RasV12 and <i>p</i>53<sup><i>â/â</i></sup>+p53<sup>N236S</sup>+H-RasV12 were used for evaluating active
structures, targeting p53<sup>N236S</sup> (corresponding to p53<sup>N239S</sup> in humans) mutation. Compound <b>5</b> showed nonselective
activities against these cell lines, with IC<sub>50</sub> values of
5.8, 8.6, and 6.0 ÎźM, respectively. Compound <b>4</b> exhibited
greater selectivity against the <i>p</i>53<sup><i>â/â</i></sup>+p53<sup>N236S</sup>+H-RasV12 cells (IC<sub>50</sub> 5.5 ÎźM)
than against the WT MEFs cells (IC<sub>50</sub> 14.3 ÎźM)
Summary of Mantel tests in zt.
<p>The results of the simple Mantel tests are shown above the diagonal; the results of the partial Mantel tests are shown below the diagonal. r<sub>p</sub>: correlation coefficient for Mantel test on population level with 100 thousand randomisations, r<sub>i</sub>: correlation coefficient for Mantel test on individual level with 10 thousand randomisations. Corresponding p-values are shown between brackets.</p
Summary of Admixture analysis.
<p>IE: Indo-European, TB: Tibeto-Burman, DR: Dravidian, AL: Altaic.</p
MDS plot.
<p>Populations have been colour coded according to linguistic phylum and geographical origin, as is explained within the figure. The population-codes used in this plot are explained in <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0091534#pone-0091534-t001" target="_blank">table 1</a> and <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0091534#pone.0091534.s005" target="_blank">table S1</a>. The stress values for the dimensions used to construct this plot were 0.333475 and 0.216317 respectively.</p
Summary of Mantel tests in zt.
<p>The results of the simple Mantel tests are shown above the diagonal; the results of the partial Mantel tests are shown below the diagonal. r<sub>p</sub>: correlation coefficient for Mantel test on population level with 100 thousand randomisations, r<sub>i</sub>: correlation coefficient for Mantel test on individual level with 10 thousand randomisations. Corresponding p-values are shown between brackets.</p
Results of significance tests for values.
<p> values are grouped by linguistic phylum with each dot representing one population. The median per phylum is indicated by a red line, the boxes surrounding the medians indicate the 25<sup>th</sup> and 75<sup>th</sup> percentiles and the 5<sup>th</sup> and 95<sup>th</sup> percentiles are indicated as error-bars. Non-significant results of the Kruskal-Wallis/Dunn's multiple comparison test are indicated by lines with the text <i>ns</i> below the values and significant results are indicated by lines with p-values above the values. For the population abbreviations used in the figure, see <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0091534#pone-0091534-t001" target="_blank">tables 1</a> and <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0091534#pone.0091534.s005" target="_blank">S1</a>.</p
Distribution of ethnolinguistic groups/pools sampled in Nepal and Bhutan.
<p>Blue dots indicate the approximate geographical centres of the Indo-European groups/pools and red dots indicate the approximate geographical centres of the Tibeto-Burman groups/pools. Populations from Nepal: 1â=âKham, 2â=âChantyal, 3â=âThakali, 4â=âMagar, 5â=âDura, 6â=âGurung, 7â=âGhale, 8â=âBarÄm, 9â=âChepang, 10â=âTamang, 11â=âNewar, 12â=âHigh caste Newar, 13â=âThangmi, 14â=âSherpa, 15â=âWestern Kiranti (pool), 16â=âCentral Kiranti (pool), 17â=âEastern Kiranti (pool), 18â=âLimbu (pool), 19â=âDhimal, 20â=âArtisanal caste Indo-Aryan (pool), 21â=âBahun, 22â=âChetri, 23â=âTharu, 24â=âMajhi, 25â=âKumal, 26â=âDanuwar & Kachadiya Danuwar (pool). Populations from Bhutan and India: 27â=âToto (India), 28â=âLhokpu, 29â=âLayap, 30â=â'Ngalop, 31â=âLakha, 32â=âMangde, 33â=âBlack Mountain MĂśnpa, 34â=âNup, 35â=âBodo (India), 36â=âBrokkat, 37â=âBumthang, 38â=âKhengpa, 39â=âKurtĂśp, 40â=âGongduk, 41â=âChali, 42â=âDzala, 43â=âTshangla, 44â=âDakpa, 45â=âBrokpa. Š John Benjamins Publishing Company, Amsterdam/Philadelphia.</p