China’s Challenging the “Ricardo Law” Circle： Is world development inevitably antagonistic or conflictive

World historical development, especially the development of modern and contemporary globalization, tends to be antagonistic, conflictive and non-harmonious. Its theoretical demonstration is “Ricardo Law” circle, namely the rule that social productivity development and historical progress are at the expense of certain social classes and strata. Western countries after the Second World War have hence changed partly in certain ideas, productivity and specific regulations. Will China be fettered by “Ricardo Law” circle in our transformational socialism and has to apply the antagonistic, conflictive and non-harmonious method to achieve the alienating “development”? This paper analyzes the harmony and conflict thoughts and policies of the western economics represented by “Ricardo Law” in order to probe into our socialist social and economic harmony theory. Key words: Ricardo Law, harmony and conflict thoughts of western economics, Harmonious Society Theory Résumé: Le développement historique du monde, notamment le développement de la globalisation moderne et contemporaine, tend à s’avérer antagoniste, conflictuel et non harmonieux. La démonstration théorique est le cercle de la « loi de Ricardo », à savoir la règle que le développement de la force productive sociale et le progrès social sont aux dépens de certaines classes et souches sociales. Après le Seconde guerre mondiale, les pays occidentaux ont changé en partie certaines idées et des régulations spécifiques. Est-ce que la Chine sera enchaînée par la loi de Ricardo dans notre socialisme transformationnel et aura à appliquer la méthode antagoniste, conflictuelle et non harmonieuse pour accomplir le développement aliéné ? Le présent article analyse les pensées et politiques d’harmonie et de conflit des pays occidentaux, représentées par la loi de Ricardo, dans le but d’explorer la théorie d’harmonie économique et sociale socialiste de notre pays. Mots-Clés: loi de Ricardo, pensées d’harmonie et de conflit des pays occidentaux, théorie de la société harmonieus

Subway Fire Cause Analysis Model Based on System Dynamics: A Preliminary Model Framework

AbstractThis paper collects typical major subway fire cases in nearly 20 years. Through analysis of these cases, the causes of the fire accidents are summed up. And further the influence factors of these reasons are extracted, including four aspects namely equipment, human, environment and emergency management. On this basis, combined with the relevant principles of system dynamics, the influence of various factors on the happening, spreading and controlling of subway fires are considered. Then, a simulation model of subway fire accident rate is constructed by Vensim. The equations of relevant variables and parameters of the system are given preliminarily

Bis[4-amino-3,5-bis­(pyridin-2-yl)-4H-1,2,4-triazole-κ2 N 2,N 3]bis­(benzene-1,2-dicarb­oxy­lic acid-κO)copper(II) bis­(2-carb­oxy­benzoate)

In the complex cation of the title salt, [Cu(C12H10N6)2(C8H6O4)2](C8H5O4)2, the CuII atom, lying on an inversion center, exhibits a distorted octa­hedral geometry defined by four N atoms from two 4-amino-3,5-bis­(pyridin-2-yl)-4H-1,2,4-triazole ligands in the equatorial plane and two axial O atoms from two benzene-1,2-dicarb­oxy­lic acid ligands. In the crystal, the complex cations and the monodeprotonated 2-carb­oxy­benzoate anions are connected by O—H⋯O and N—H⋯O hydrogen bonds, forming a tape along [100]. Adjacent tapes are further linked into a three-dimensional arrangement via π–π stacking inter­actions between the triazole and benzene rings and between the pyridine and benzene rings [centroid–centroid distances = 3.6734 (14)/3.9430 (16) and 3.8221 (14) Å]. Intra­molecular N—H⋯N and O—H⋯O hydrogen bonds are also observed

Views on China’s Personal Derivatives

With the economic globalization and our financial institutions’ further opening up in 2005, transactions of foreign exchange will become more and more frequent, persons holding foreign exchange will increase greatly. Their assets’ risk avoiding and appreciation become a very huge market demand. So, personal derivatives acquire a big and long potential market. Meanwhile, bank’s function as the financial intermediary has weakened continuously, its traditional lending business also become less profitable. Thus, personal derivatives have become more and more attractive with its low costs and high yielding. The appearance of personal derivatives has changed bank’s traditional asset-liability management from “capital” to “wit” intermediary. Facing both opportunity and competition, Chinese banks should occupy the market as early as possible, make full use of their native advantages, develop competitive and international financial derivative products to win the final game. Key words: personal derivative, Chinese bank, international financial product Résumé Au fur et à mesure de la mondialisation financière et l’ouverture totale de la finance de notre pays en 2005, l’entrée et la sortie de la devise deviennent de jour en jour fréquentes, de plus en plus nombreux sont ceux qui disposent des diveses, éviter le danger ainsi que préserver et acccroître la valeur deviennent des besoins énormes du marché de ces capitaux. Le marché potentiel à long terme de la gérance financière de la devise individuelle est considérable. En même temps, à cause de l’affaiblissement de la fonction d’intermédiaire financier de la banque et le profit de plus en plus faible des opétations de crédit traditionnelles , le coût de la gérance financière de la devise individuelle reste très bas et son rendement est relativement intéressant et assuré, donc cet opération ouvre une large perspective pour le développement de la banque. La lancement de la gérance financière de la devise, changeant l’état de gestion traditionnel de l’actif et le passif de la banque, constitue le symbole de la transition du financement à l’intelligence de la gérance de la banque. Face à une grande opportunité commerciale et une compétition acharnée, les banques à capitaux chinois doivent s’emparer du marché le plus tôt possible, mettre pleinement en valeur leurs propres supériorités et exploiter de nouveaux produits compétitifs de la gérance financière de devise étrangère individuelle qui sont internationalisés et comformes à la conjoucture nationale. Mots-clés: la gérance financière de devise étrangère individuelle, les banques à capitaux chinois, des produits financiers internatonalisés 摘 要 隨著金融國際化和我國 2005年金融全面開放，外匯收付日益頻繁，擁有外匯的個人越來越多，避險、保值和增值成為這些資金巨大的市場需求。個人外匯理財潛在市場很大，具有長期性。同時，由於銀行金融中介地位不斷削弱和傳統信貸業務利潤日益薄弱，個人外匯理財成本低廉、回報相對豐厚安全，該業務對於銀行發展前景很大。外匯理財的推出改變了銀行傳統資產負債經營狀態，是銀行經營從“融資”走向“融智”的標誌。面對巨大商機和激烈競爭，中資銀行应儘早佔領市場，充分發揮自己的優勢，開發適合國情的富有競爭力的國際化個人外匯理財新產品。關鍵詞：個人外匯理財；中資銀行；國際化金融產

Mapping Unstructured Parallelism to Series-Parallel DAGs

Many parallel programming languages allow programmers to describe parallelism by using constructs such as fork/join. When executed, such programs can be modeled as directed graphs, with nodes representing a computation and edges representing the sequence and dependency. However, because it does not coerce regularity in the computation, the general model is not amenable to efficient execution of the resulting program. Therefore, a more restrictive model called Series-Parallel DAG (Directed Acyclic Graph) has been proposed and adopted by several major parallel languages. As reported by the Cilk developers, many parallel computations can be easily expressed in the series-parallel model, and there are provably efficient scheduling algorithms for the SP DAGs. Nevertheless, it remains open how much inherent parallelism will be lost when conforming to the model, because expressing a computation in the series-parallel model may also induce performance losses. We will show that any general DAG can be converted into an SP DAG without violating the original precedence relations; moreover, the conversion can be carried out in essentially linear time and space, and the resulting DAG exhibits little loss in the parallelism. Since the resulting SP DAG can then be executed with high efficiency, it implies that the languages based on SP DAGs are not as restrictive as they were thought to be.Singapore-MIT Alliance (SMA