Fluctuating Asymmetry and Length-Weight Relationship of the Three Populations of Sardinella lemuru (Clupeiformes, Dorosomatidae) from Surigao del Norte, Philippines

Despite its economic importance and current conservation status, studies on Sardinella lemuru (Bleeker, 1853) are very scarce in the province of Surigao del Norte, Philippines, so this study was conducted to assess the body shape and health status of fish populations in the area using fluctuating asymmetry (FA) and length-weight ratio (LWR) analyses. 258 individuals were collected from the coastal waters of Malimono (n = 6), San Francisco (n = 101) and Surigao (100) from August to October 2021 using fishnets and gillnets.  Among the three populations, fish samples from Malimono have the highest cumulative variation of 63.07 % followed by San Francisco and Surigao City (60.85 % and 55.51 %). The high percentage of FA among the three populations (57.66 % in Malimono; 54.43 % in San Francisco; and 49.78 % in Surigao City) also suggests that individuals had deformities particularly, especially in the fins and head region of the fish. The LWR of the fish samples (b = 2.6398 in Malimono; b = 2.7541 in San Francisco; and b = 2.8377 in Surigao City) indicates a negative allometric growth pattern, suggesting that the fish samples do not grow symmetrically or become thinner with increasing length. The results of FA and LWR analyses suggest morphological abnormalities in the fish samples that may be attributed to the different environmental stressors in the area. Studies on sex differences, water quality and fish ecology are suggested to better understand the current status of fish in the area

Importance of Correlation Effects on Magnetic Anisotropy in Fe and Ni

We calculate magnetic anisotropy energy of Fe and Ni by taking into account the effects of strong electronic correlations, spin-orbit coupling, and non-collinearity of intra-atomic magnetization. The LDA+U method is used and its equivalence to dynamical mean-field theory in the static limit is emphasized. Both experimental magnitude of MAE and direction of magnetization are predicted correctly near U=4 eV for Ni and U=3.5 eV for Fe. Correlations modify one-electron spectra which are now in better agreement with experiments.Comment: 4 pages, 2 figure

Magnetocrystalline Anisotropy Energy of Transition Metal Thin Films: A Non-perturbative Theory

The magnetocrystalline anisotropy energy E(anis) of free-standing monolayers and thin films of Fe and Ni is determined using two different semi-empirical schemes. Within a tight-binding calculation for the 3d bands alone, we analyze in detail the relation between bandstructure and E(anis), treating spin-orbit coupling non-pertubatively. We find important contributions to E(anis) due to the lifting of band degeneracies near the Fermi level by SOC. The important role of degeneracies is supported by the calculation of the electron temperature dependence of the magnetocrystalline anisotropy energy, which decreases with the temperature increasing on a scale of several hundred K. In general, E(anis) scales with the square of the SOC constant. Including 4s bands and s-d hybridization, the combined interpolation scheme yields anisotropy energies that quantitatively agree well with experiments for Fe and Ni monolayers on Cu(001). Finally, the anisotropy energy is calculated for systems of up to 14 layers. Even after including s-bands and for multilayers, the importance of degeneracies persists. Considering a fixed fct-Fe structure, we find a reorientation of the magnetization from perpendicular to in-plane at about 4 layers. For Ni, we find the correct in-plane easy-axis for the monolayer. However, since the anisotropy energy remains nearly constant, we do not find the experimentally observed reorientation.Comment: 15 pages, Revtex, 15 postscript figure

Dynamic correlation functions in one-dimensional quasi-condensates

We calculate the static and dynamic single-particle correlation functions in one-dimensional (1D) trapped Bose gases and discuss experimental measurements that can directly probe such correlation functions. Using a quantized hydrodynamic theory for the low energy excitations, we calculate both the static and dynamic single-particle correlation functions for a 1D Bose gas that is a phase-fluctuating quasi-condensate. For the static (equal-time) correlation function, our approximations and results are equivalent to those of Petrov, Shlyapnikov and Walraven. The Fourier transform of the static single-particle correlation function gives the momentum distribution, which can be measured using Doppler-sensitive Bragg scattering experiments on a highly elongated Bose gas. We show how a two-photon Raman out-coupling experiment can measure the characteristic features of the dynamic or time-dependent single-particle correlation function of a 1D Bose quasi-condensate.Comment: 19 pages, 4 figures; submitted to Phys. Rev.

The sarcopenia and physical frailty in older people: multi-component treatment strategies (SPRINTT) project: description and feasibility of a nutrition intervention in community-dwelling older Europeans.

To access publisher's full text version of this article, please click on the hyperlink in Additional Links field or click on the hyperlink at the top of the page marked DownloadBackground: The "Sarcopenia and Physical Frailty in Older People: Multicomponent Treatment Strategies" (SPRINTT) project sponsored a multi-center randomized controlled trial (RCT) with the objective to determine the effect of physical activity and nutrition intervention for prevention of mobility disability in community-dwelling frail older Europeans. We describe here the design and feasibility of the SPRINTT nutrition intervention, including techniques used by nutrition interventionists to identify those at risk of malnutrition and to carry out the nutrition intervention. Methods: SPRINTT RCT recruited older adults (≥ 70 years) from 11 European countries. Eligible participants (n = 1517) had functional limitations measured with Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB score 3-9) and low muscle mass as determined by DXA scans, but were able to walk 400 m without assistance within 15 min. Participants were followed up for up to 3 years. The nutrition intervention was carried out mainly by individual nutrition counseling. Nutrition goals included achieving a daily protein intake of 1.0-1.2 g/kg body weight, energy intake of 25-30 kcal/kg of body weight/day, and serum vitamin D concentration ≥ 75 mmol/L. Survey on the method strategies and feasibility of the nutrition intervention was sent to all nutrition interventionists of the 16 SPRINTT study sites. Results: Nutrition interventionists from all study sites responded to the survey. All responders found that the SPRINTT nutrition intervention was feasible for the target population, and it was well received by the majority. The identification of participants at nutritional risk was accomplished by combining information from interviews, questionnaires, clinical and laboratory data. Although the nutrition intervention was mainly carried out using individual nutritional counselling, other assisting methods were used as appropriate. Conclusion: The SPRINTT nutrition intervention was feasible and able to adapt flexibly to varying needs of this heterogeneous population. The procedures adopted to identify older adults at risk of malnutrition and to design the appropriate intervention may serve as a model to deliver nutrition intervention for community-dwelling older people with mobility limitations. Keywords: Energy intake; Nutrition counselling; Nutrition intervention; Protein intake; SPRINTT.University of Helsinki including Helsinki University Central Hospital Innovative Medicine Initiative (IMI) Juho Vainio foundatio

Die schönsten Sagen der deutschen Heimath : der Jugend wiedererzählt / von Hans Tharau. Mit sechs Tonbildern nach Zeichnungen von W. C. Arzt

DIE SCHÖNSTEN SAGEN DER DEUTSCHEN HEIMATH : DER JUGEND WIEDERERZÄHLT / VON HANS THARAU. MIT SECHS TONBILDERN NACH ZEICHNUNGEN VON W. C. ARZT Die schönsten Sagen der deutschen Heimath : der Jugend wiedererzählt / von Hans Tharau. Mit sechs Tonbildern nach Zeichnungen von W. C. Arzt (1) Einband (1) Titelseite (3) Inhalts-Verzeichniss (4) Einleitung (5) I. Kirchen-Sagen (6) I. Kirchen-Sagen (7) II. Städte-Sagen (28) Merseburg - Marienburg (29) Lüneburg - Zwickau (45) Kuttenberg - Freiberg in Sachsen (60) III. Historische Sagen (69) Braunschweig - Straßburg II. (70) Würzburg III. - Stufenberg (80) Das Welfesholz - Trarbach (90) IV. Verschiedenes (97) Regensburg - Die Quästenburg (98) Rolandseck und Nonnenwerth - Alzey (111

Body composition and mortality in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

BACKGROUND: Survival studies have consistently shown significantly greater mortality rates in underweight and normal-weight patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) than in overweight and obese COPD patients. OBJECTIVE: To compare the contributions of low fat-free mass and low fat mass to mortality, we assessed the association between body composition and mortality in COPD. DESIGN: We studied 412 patients with moderate-to-severe COPD [Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (GOLD) stages II-IV, forced expiratory volume in 1 s of 36 +/- 14% of predicted (range: 19-70%). Body composition was assessed by using single-frequency bioelectrical impedance. Body mass index, fat-free mass index, fat mass index, and skeletal muscle index were calculated and related to recently developed reference values. COPD patients were stratified into defined categories of tissue-depletion pattern. Overall mortality was assessed at the end of follow-up. RESULTS: Semistarvation and muscle atrophy were equally distributed among disease stages, but the highest prevalence of cachexia was seen in GOLD stage IV. Forty-six percent of the patients (n = 189) died during a maximum follow-up of 5 y. Cox regression models, with and without adjustment for disease severity, showed that fat-free mass index (relative risk: 0.90; 95% CI: 0.84, 0.96; P = 0.003) was an independent predictor of survival, but fat mass index was not. Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression plots for cachexia and muscle atrophy did not differ significantly. CONCLUSIONS: Fat-free mass is an independent predictor of mortality irrespective of fat mass. This study supports the inclusion of body-composition assessment as a systemic marker of disease severity in COPD staging