509 research outputs found
A hybrid performance evaluation approach for urban logistics using extended cross-efficiency with prospect theory and OWA operator
Urban logistics performance evaluation can provide reference for further
improving its level. However, most performance evaluation for
urban logistics premises that decision-makers (DMs) are completely
rational, which may not conform to the actual situation. Therefore,
this article aims to consider the DMs’ psychological factors in the performance
evaluation of urban logistics. Specifically, the cross-efficiency
evaluation (CEE) method with the DMs’ psychological factors
is used to measure the urban logistics efficiency in the central area of
Yangtze River Delta (YRD) urban agglomeration in China in 2019. The
main contributions in this article are to propose a hybrid CEE method
with prospect theory and ordered weighted average (OWA) operator
for urban logistics industry and to expand the evaluation perspectives
of urban logistics performance. The main conclusions are
obtained: (1) The DMs’ optimism level can indeed affect the efficiency
value and ranking of urban logistics. (2) The aggregation
based on the OWA operator is fair and reasonable because it can
make all self-evaluation efficiencies play the same role. (3) To make
the efficiencies and rankings of urban logistics in the central area of
the YRD have credibility and discrimination, the DMs’ optimism level
range is best between 0.8 and 0.8177
Effect of size and processing method on the cytotoxicity of realgar nanoparticles in cancer cell lines
In this study, the effects of the size and Chinese traditional processing (including elutriation, water cleaning, acid cleaning, alkali cleaning) on realgar nanoparticles (RN)-induced antitumor activity in human osteosarcoma cell lines (MG-63) and hepatoma carcinoma cell lines (HepG-2) were investigated. The human normal liver cell line (L-02) was used as control. RN was prepared by high-energy ball milling technology. The results showed that with the assistance of sodium dodecyl sulfate, the size of realgar could be reduced to 127 nm after 12 hours’ ball milling. The surface charge was decreased from 0.83 eV to −17.85 eV and the content of As2O3 clearly increased. Except for elutriation, the processing methods did not clearly change the size of the RN, but the content of As2O3 was reduced dramatically. In vitro MTT tests indicated that in the two cancer cell lines, RN cytotoxicity was more intense than that of the coarse realgar nanoparticles, and cytotoxicity was typically time- and concentration-dependent. Also, RN cytotoxicities in the HepG-2 and L-02 cells all increased with increasing milling time. Due to the reduction of the As2O3 content, water cleaning, acid cleaning, and alkali cleaning decreased RN cytotoxicity in HepG-2, but RN after elutriation, with the lowest As2O3 (3.5 mg/g) and the smallest size (109.3 nm), showed comparable cytotoxicity in HepG-2 to RN without treatment. Meanwhile, RN-induced cytotoxicity in L-02 cells was clearly reduced. Therefore, it can be concluded that RN may provide a strong antiproliferation effect in the MG-63 and HepG-2 cells. Elutriation processing is a suitable approach to limit the dangerous side-effects of As2O3, while maintaining the effectiveness of RN
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