17,882 research outputs found
Two-pion light-cone distribution amplitudes from the instanton vacuum
We calculate the two-pion light-cone distribution amplitudes in the effective
low-energy theory based on the instanton vacuum. These generalized distribution
amplitudes describe the soft (non-perturbative) part of the process
in the region where the c.m. energy is much smaller
than the photon virtuality. They can also be used in the analysis of exclusive
processes such as etc.Comment: 13 pages, LaTeX, 4 figures included using eps
Nuclear physics with a medium-energy Electron-Ion Collider
A polarized ep/eA collider (Electron-Ion Collider, or EIC) with variable
center-of-mass energy sqrt(s) ~ 20-70 GeV and a luminosity ~ 10^{34} cm^{-2}
s^{-1} would be uniquely suited to address several outstanding questions of
Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD) and the microscopic structure of hadrons and
nuclei: (i) the three-dimensional structure of the nucleon in QCD (sea quark
and gluon spatial distributions, orbital motion, polarization, correlations);
(ii) the fundamental color fields in nuclei (nuclear parton densities,
shadowing, coherence effects, color transparency); (iii) the conversion of
color charge to hadrons (fragmentation, parton propagation through matter,
in-medium jets). We briefly review the conceptual aspects of these questions
and the measurements that would address them, emphasizing the qualitatively new
information that could be obtained with the collider. Such a medium-energy EIC
could be realized at Jefferson Lab after the 12 GeV Upgrade (MEIC), or at
Brookhaven National Lab as the low-energy stage of eRHIC.Comment: 9 pages, 5 figures. Mini-review compiled in preparation for the MEIC
Conceptual Design Report, Jefferson Lab (2011
Flavor asymmetry of polarized antiquark distributions and semi-inclusive DIS
The -expansion of QCD suggests large flavor asymmetries of the
polarized antiquark distributions in the nucleon. This is confirmed by model
calculations in the large- limit (chiral quark-soliton model), which give
sizable results for and . We compute the contributions of
these flavor asymmetries to the spin asymmetries in hadron production in
semi-inclusive deep-inelastic scattering. We show that the large flavor
asymmetries predicted by the chiral quark-soliton model are consistent with the
recent HERMES data for spin asymmetries in charged hadron production.Comment: 21 pages, LaTeX2e, 9 eps figures include
Transverse target spin asymmetry in inclusive DIS with two-photon exchange
We study the transverse target spin dependence of the cross section for
inclusive electron-nucleon scattering with unpolarized beam. Such dependence is
absent in the one-photon exchange approximation (Christ-Lee theorem) and arises
only in higher orders of the QED expansion, from the interference of one-photon
and absorptive two-photon exchange amplitudes as well as from real photon
emission (bremsstrahlung). We demonstrate that the transverse spin-dependent
two-photon exchange cross section is free of QED infrared and collinear
divergences. We argue that in DIS kinematics the transverse spin dependence
should be governed by a "parton-like" mechanism in which the two-photon
exchange couples mainly to a single quark. We calculate the normal spin
asymmetry in an approximation where the dominant contribution arises from quark
helicity flip due to interactions with non-perturbative vacuum fields
(constituent quark picture) and is proportional to the quark transversity
distribution in the nucleon. Such helicity-flip processes are not significantly
Sudakov-suppressed if the infrared scale for gluon emission in the photon-quark
subprocess is of the order of the chiral symmetry breaking scale, mu_chiral^2
>> Lambda_QCD^2. We estimate the asymmetry in the kinematics of the planned
Jefferson Lab Hall A experiment to be of the order 10^{-4}, with different sign
for proton and neutron. We also comment on the spin dependence in the limit of
soft high-energy scattering.Comment: 22 pages, 14 figures; uses revtex
Spatial Resonator Solitons
Spatial solitons can exist in various kinds of nonlinear optical resonators
with and without amplification. In the past years different types of these
localized structures such as vortices, bright, dark solitons and phase solitons
have been experimentally shown to exist. Many links appear to exist to fields
different from optics, such as fluids, phase transitions or particle physics.
These spatial resonator solitons are bistable and due to their mobility suggest
schemes of information processing not possible with the fixed bistable elements
forming the basic ingredient of traditional electronic processing. The recent
demonstration of existence and manipulation of spatial solitons in emiconductor
microresonators represents a step in the direction of such optical parallel
processing applications. We review pattern formation and solitons in a general
context, show some proof of principle soliton experiments on slow systems, and
describe in more detail the experiments on semiconductor resonator solitons
which are aimed at applications.Comment: 15 pages, 32 figure
Electron-deuteron DIS with spectator tagging at EIC: Development of theoretical framework
An Electron-Ion Collider (EIC) would enable next-generation measurements of
deep-inelastic scattering (DIS) on the deuteron with detection of a
forward-moving nucleon (p, n) and measurement of its recoil momentum
("spectator tagging"). Such experiments offer full control of the nuclear
configuration during the high-energy process and can be used for precision
studies of the neutron's partonic structure and its spin dependence, nuclear
modifications of partonic structure, and nuclear shadowing at small x. We
review the theoretical description of spectator tagging at EIC energies
(light-front nuclear structure, on-shell extrapolation in the recoil nucleon
momentum, final-state interactions, diffractive effects at small x) and report
about on-going developments.Comment: 7 pages, 3 figures. Proceedings of 6th International Conference on
Physics Opportunities at an Electron-Ion Collider (POETIC6), Palaiseau,
France, 7-11 September 201
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