42,466 research outputs found
Accurate nucleon electromagnetic form factors from dispersively improved chiral effective field theory
We present a theoretical parametrization of the nucleon electromagnetic form
factors (FFs) based on a combination of chiral effective field theory and
dispersion analysis. The isovector spectral functions on the two-pion cut are
computed using elastic unitarity, chiral pion-nucleon amplitudes, and timelike
pion FF data. Higher-mass isovector and isoscalar t-channel states are
described by effective poles, whose strength is fixed by sum rules (charges,
radii). Excellent agreement with the spacelike proton and neutron FF data is
achieved up to Q^2 \sim 1 GeV^2. Our parametrization provides proper
analyticity and theoretical uncertainty estimates and can be used for low-Q^2
FF studies and proton radius extraction.Comment: 5 pages, 3 figures, 2 table
Duality Relation for Quantum Ratchets
A duality relation between the long-time dynamics of a quantum Brownian
particle in a tilted ratchet potential and a driven dissipative tight-binding
model is reported. It relates a situation of weak dissipation in one model to
strong dissipation in the other one, and vice versa. We apply this duality
relation to investigate transport and rectification in ratchet potentials: From
the linear mobility we infer ground-state delocalization for weak dissipation.
We report reversals induced by adiabatic driving and temperature in the ratchet
current and its dependence on the potential shape.Comment: Modified content, corrected typo
Magnetic Miniband Structure and Quantum Oscillations in Lateral Semiconductor Superlattices
We present fully quantum-mechanical magnetotransport calculations for
short-period lateral superlattices with one-dimensional electrostatic
modulation. A non-perturbative treatment of both magnetic field and modulation
potential proves to be necessary to reproduce novel quantum oscillations in the
magnetoresistance found in recent experiments in the resistance component
parallel to the modulation potential. In addition, we predict oscillations of
opposite phase in the component perpendicular to the modulation not yet
observed experimentally. We show that the new oscillations originate from the
magnetic miniband structure in the regime of overlapping minibands.Comment: 6 pages with 4 figure
On integrability of a (2+1)-dimensional perturbed Kdv equation
A (2+1)-dimensional perturbed KdV equation, recently introduced by W.X. Ma
and B. Fuchssteiner, is proven to pass the Painlev\'e test for integrability
well, and its 44 Lax pair with two spectral parameters is found. The
results show that the Painlev\'e classification of coupled KdV equations by A.
Karasu should be revised
Deformation of grain boundaries in polar ice
The ice microstructure (grain boundaries) is a key feature used to study ice
evolution and to investigate past climatic changes. We studied a deep ice core,
in Dome Concordia, Antarctica, which records past mechanical deformations. We
measured a "texture tensor" which characterizes the pattern geometry and
reveals local heterogeneities of deformation along the core. These results
question key assumptions of the current models used for dating
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