Image2_Cuproptosis-Related genes in the prognosis of colorectal cancer and their correlation with the tumor microenvironment.JPEG

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a common tumor disease of the digestive system with high incidence and mortality. Cuproptosis has recently been found to be a new form of cell death. The clinical significance of cuproptosis-related genes (CRGs) in CRC is not clear. In this study, The Cancer Genome Atlas Colon and Rectal Cancer dataset was used to analyze the relationship between CRGs and clinical characteristics of CRC by differential expression analysis and Kaplan–Meier survival (K-M) analysis. Based on CRGs, prognosis model and risk score of CRC was constructed in COADREAD by multivariate Cox analysis. Receiver operating curves (ROC) analysis, K-M analysis and calibration analysis in GDC TCGA Colon Cancer dataset were applied to validating model. Subsequently, the relationship between risk score of CRC and immune microenvironment was analyzed by multiple immune score algorithms. Finally, we found that most CRGs were differentially expressed between tumors and normal tissues. Some CRGs were differentially expressed among different clinical characteristics. K-M analysis showed that the CRGs were related to overall survival (OS), disease-specific survival, and progression-free survival. Subsequently, DLAT and CDKN2A were identified as risk factors for OS in CRC by multivariate Cox analysis, and the risk score was established. K–M analysis showed that there was a significant difference in OS between the high-risk and low-risk groups, which were grouped by risk score median. ROC analysis showed that the risk score performs well in predicting the 1-year, 3-year and 5-year OS. Enrichment analysis showed that the differentially expressed genes between the high- and low-risk groups were enriched in immune-related signaling pathways. Further analysis showed that there were significant differences in the levels of immune cells and stromal cells between the high- and low-risk groups. The high-risk group had higher levels of immune cells and interstitial cells. At the same time, the high-risk group had a higher immune escape ability, and the predicted immune treatment response in the high-risk group was poor. In conclusion, CRGs can be used as prognostic factors in CRC and are closely related to the levels of immune cells and stromal cells in the tumor microenvironment.</p

Image1_Cuproptosis-Related genes in the prognosis of colorectal cancer and their correlation with the tumor microenvironment.JPEG

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a common tumor disease of the digestive system with high incidence and mortality. Cuproptosis has recently been found to be a new form of cell death. The clinical significance of cuproptosis-related genes (CRGs) in CRC is not clear. In this study, The Cancer Genome Atlas Colon and Rectal Cancer dataset was used to analyze the relationship between CRGs and clinical characteristics of CRC by differential expression analysis and Kaplan–Meier survival (K-M) analysis. Based on CRGs, prognosis model and risk score of CRC was constructed in COADREAD by multivariate Cox analysis. Receiver operating curves (ROC) analysis, K-M analysis and calibration analysis in GDC TCGA Colon Cancer dataset were applied to validating model. Subsequently, the relationship between risk score of CRC and immune microenvironment was analyzed by multiple immune score algorithms. Finally, we found that most CRGs were differentially expressed between tumors and normal tissues. Some CRGs were differentially expressed among different clinical characteristics. K-M analysis showed that the CRGs were related to overall survival (OS), disease-specific survival, and progression-free survival. Subsequently, DLAT and CDKN2A were identified as risk factors for OS in CRC by multivariate Cox analysis, and the risk score was established. K–M analysis showed that there was a significant difference in OS between the high-risk and low-risk groups, which were grouped by risk score median. ROC analysis showed that the risk score performs well in predicting the 1-year, 3-year and 5-year OS. Enrichment analysis showed that the differentially expressed genes between the high- and low-risk groups were enriched in immune-related signaling pathways. Further analysis showed that there were significant differences in the levels of immune cells and stromal cells between the high- and low-risk groups. The high-risk group had higher levels of immune cells and interstitial cells. At the same time, the high-risk group had a higher immune escape ability, and the predicted immune treatment response in the high-risk group was poor. In conclusion, CRGs can be used as prognostic factors in CRC and are closely related to the levels of immune cells and stromal cells in the tumor microenvironment.</p

Table1_Cuproptosis-Related genes in the prognosis of colorectal cancer and their correlation with the tumor microenvironment.DOC

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a common tumor disease of the digestive system with high incidence and mortality. Cuproptosis has recently been found to be a new form of cell death. The clinical significance of cuproptosis-related genes (CRGs) in CRC is not clear. In this study, The Cancer Genome Atlas Colon and Rectal Cancer dataset was used to analyze the relationship between CRGs and clinical characteristics of CRC by differential expression analysis and Kaplan–Meier survival (K-M) analysis. Based on CRGs, prognosis model and risk score of CRC was constructed in COADREAD by multivariate Cox analysis. Receiver operating curves (ROC) analysis, K-M analysis and calibration analysis in GDC TCGA Colon Cancer dataset were applied to validating model. Subsequently, the relationship between risk score of CRC and immune microenvironment was analyzed by multiple immune score algorithms. Finally, we found that most CRGs were differentially expressed between tumors and normal tissues. Some CRGs were differentially expressed among different clinical characteristics. K-M analysis showed that the CRGs were related to overall survival (OS), disease-specific survival, and progression-free survival. Subsequently, DLAT and CDKN2A were identified as risk factors for OS in CRC by multivariate Cox analysis, and the risk score was established. K–M analysis showed that there was a significant difference in OS between the high-risk and low-risk groups, which were grouped by risk score median. ROC analysis showed that the risk score performs well in predicting the 1-year, 3-year and 5-year OS. Enrichment analysis showed that the differentially expressed genes between the high- and low-risk groups were enriched in immune-related signaling pathways. Further analysis showed that there were significant differences in the levels of immune cells and stromal cells between the high- and low-risk groups. The high-risk group had higher levels of immune cells and interstitial cells. At the same time, the high-risk group had a higher immune escape ability, and the predicted immune treatment response in the high-risk group was poor. In conclusion, CRGs can be used as prognostic factors in CRC and are closely related to the levels of immune cells and stromal cells in the tumor microenvironment.</p

Photoinduced Reactions of Surface-Bound Species on Titania Nanotubes and Platinized Titania Nanotubes: An in Situ FTIR Study

Photoinduced conversion of surface-bound species on titania nanotubes that were first oxidized and then reduced (Ti–NT–O₂–H₂) and on platinized titania nanotubes subjected to oxidation and reduction (Pt–Ti–NT–O₂–H₂) has been investigated by means of in situ FTIR spectroscopy. Bidentate and monodentate carbonates as well as bicarbonates and carboxylates are formed subsequent to exposure of both Ti–NT–O₂–H₂ and Pt–Ti–NT–O₂–H₂ to CO₂. Formic acid was only observed on Pt–Ti–NT–O₂–H₂. UV illumination of the nanotubes led to an increase in the number of surface-bound species as a result of the further reaction with gas-phase CO₂ with a greater increase in surface species on Ti–NT–O₂–H₂ than on Pt–Ti–NT–O₂–H₂. The underlying basis of the photoinduced increase in adsorbed species is discussed for both types of nanotubes. Photoinduced reactions of surface species also take place and are remarkably different on the two types of nanotubes. UV illumination of Ti–NT–O₂–H₂ converts bidentate carbonates and bicarbonates to monodentate carbonates and carboxylates. There are less, and different, photoinduced reactions of surface species on Pt–Ti–NT–O₂–H₂: bicarbonates and monodentate carbonates convert to bidentate carbonates on the platinized titania nanotubes, and there is no obvious reaction involving carboxylates and formic acid upon irradiation of the platinized nanotubes. These differences in reactive behavior are discussed in the context of platinum acting as an efficient trap for photoelectrons which mitigates against reduction of Ti⁴⁺ to Ti³⁺, stabilizes holes, and alters the surface photochemistry taking place on the two different types of nanotubes. Photoinduced holes play an important role in photochemistry via oxidation of “structural water” and concomitant production of undercoordinated titania sites

Comparison of Acid Generation in EUV Lithography Films of Poly(4-hydroxystyrene) (PHS) and Noria Adamantyl Ester (Noria-AD₅₀)

The mechanism for acid production in phenolic extreme ultraviolet (EUV) lithography films containing triphenylsulfonium triflate (Ph₃S⁺TfO^–) acid generator has been investigated by electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy and by use of the acid indicator coumarin 6 (C6). Gamma radiolysis was substituted for the EUV radiation with the assumption that the chemistry generated by ionization of the matrix does not depend on the ionization source. Poly­(4-hydroxystyrene) (PHS) was first investigated as a well-studied standard, after which the water-wheel-like cyclic oligomer derivative containing pendant adamantyl ester groups, noria-AD₅₀, was investigated. EPR measurements confirm that the dominant free radical product is a phenoxyl derivative (PHS-O^• or noria-O^•) that exhibits quite slow stretched exponential recombination kinetics at room temperature. Also observed at 77 K was the presence of a significant hydrogen atom product of radiolysis. The <i>G</i> value or yield of acid production in thin lithography films was measured with the C6 indicator on a fused silica substrate. It was found that a significant amount of acid is generated via energy transfer from the irradiated fused-silica substrate to the Ph₃S⁺TfO^– in the films. By varying the film thickness on the substrates, the substrate effect on the acid yield was quantitatively determined. After subtraction of the contribution from the substrates, the acid yield <i>G</i> value in the PHS film with 10 wt % Ph₃S⁺TfO^– and 5 wt % C6 was determined to be 2.5 ± 0.3 protons per 100 eV of radiation. The acid yield of noria-AD₅₀ films was found to be 3.2 ± 0.3 protons per 100 eV

In Situ Synthesis of Highly Dispersed and Ultrafine Metal Nanoparticles from Chalcogels

We report a unique reaction type for facile synthesis of ultrafine and well-dispersed Pt nanoparticles supported on chalcogel surfaces. The nanoparticles are obtained by in situ Pt²⁺ reduction of a chalcogel network formed by the metathesis reaction between K₂PtCl₄ and Na₄SnS₄. The rapid catalytic ability of the chalcogel-supported Pt nanoparticles is demonstrated in a recyclable manner by using 4-nitrophenol reduction as a probe reaction

Methanol Oxidation to Formate on ALD-Prepared VO_<i>x</i>/θ-Al₂O₃ Catalysts: A Mechanistic Study

Well-defined supported VO_<i>x</i>/θ-Al₂O₃ catalysts were prepared by atomic layer deposition (ALD) with vanadium coverages of 0.48, 1.20, and 3.40 wt %. In-situ Raman and UV–vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy confirm that the monovanadate, VO₄, is the predominant vanadium species at low loadings (0.48 and 1.20 wt %), while polyvanadate VO₄ is the predominant vanadium species for the 3.40 wt % VO_<i>x</i>/θ-Al₂O₃ catalyst. In-situ FTIR spectroscopy of methanol oxidation to formate, in the absence of gas-phase oxygen, on the 0.48 wt % VO_<i>x</i>/θ-Al₂O₃, identified two different formates. A comparison of the frequencies for the formates adsorbed on just V₂O₅ and on just θ-Al₂O₃ demonstrates that one of these formates is located on aluminum sites of VO_<i>x</i>/θ-Al₂O₃ while the other is located on vanadium sites. The oxidation state of vanadium for the VO_<i>x</i>/θ-Al₂O₃ catalyst was determined by XPS after different reaction times. On the basis of the time dependence of the formate absorptions and the change in the oxidation state of vanadium in VO_<i>x</i>/θ-Al₂O₃, a mechanism is proposed for methanol oxidation and we discuss the role of the alumina support in the mechanism

Les Empoisonnements sous Louis XIV, d'après les documents inédits de l'affaire des poisons, 1679-1682, par le Dr Lucien Nass,...

Contient une table des matièresAvec mode text

Additional file 4: of Relationship between systolic blood pressure and all-cause mortality: a prospective study in a cohort of Chinese adults

Supplementary Table S4. Hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) of all-cause mortality according to systolic blood pressure groups after exclusion of individuals who were older than 70 years. (DOC 52 kb

DataSheet_1_Excessive weight gain onset-age and risk of developing diabetes mellitus: a large, prospective Chinese cohort study.docx

BackgroundExcessive weight gain and obesity are widely accepted as risk factors for diabetes mellitus, and the age at which obesity onsets may be related to the development of cardiovascular diseases and certain cancers. Here, we aimed to investigate associations between the onset-age of overweight/obesity and risk of developing diabetes mellitus in China.Methods42,144 people with the normal weight range and without diabetes at baseline, were enrolled from the Kailuan cohort which began on the 1st June 2006. All participants were followed-up, biennially, until 31st December 2017. During follow-up, 11,220 participants had become overweight/obese. For each case, one normal-weight control was matched according to age ( ± 1 year) and sex. Our final analysis included 10,858 case-control pairs. An age-scaled Cox model was implemented to estimate hazard ratios (HR) with corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CI) for diabetes mellitus incidence across age-groups.ResultsAt a median follow-up of 5.46 years, 1,403 cases of diabetes mellitus were identified. After multivariate adjustments, age-scaled Cox modelling suggested that risk gradually attenuated with every 10 year increase in age of onset of overweight/obesity. Diabetes mellitus adjusted HRs (aHRs) for new-onset overweight/obesity at ConclusionParticipants with early onset of excessive weight gain issues are at considerably higher risk of developing diabetes mellitus compared to those who maintain a normal weight.</p