2,289 research outputs found
Visually Adversarial Attacks and Defenses in the Physical World: A Survey
Although Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) have been widely applied in various
real-world scenarios, they are vulnerable to adversarial examples. The current
adversarial attacks in computer vision can be divided into digital attacks and
physical attacks according to their different attack forms. Compared with
digital attacks, which generate perturbations in the digital pixels, physical
attacks are more practical in the real world. Owing to the serious security
problem caused by physically adversarial examples, many works have been
proposed to evaluate the physically adversarial robustness of DNNs in the past
years. In this paper, we summarize a survey versus the current physically
adversarial attacks and physically adversarial defenses in computer vision. To
establish a taxonomy, we organize the current physical attacks from attack
tasks, attack forms, and attack methods, respectively. Thus, readers can have a
systematic knowledge of this topic from different aspects. For the physical
defenses, we establish the taxonomy from pre-processing, in-processing, and
post-processing for the DNN models to achieve full coverage of the adversarial
defenses. Based on the above survey, we finally discuss the challenges of this
research field and further outlook on the future direction
Synthetic Landau levels and spinor vortex matter on Haldane spherical surface with magnetic monopole
We present a flexible scheme to realize exact flat Landau levels on curved
spherical geometry in a system of spinful cold atoms. This is achieved by
Floquet engineering of a magnetic quadrupole field. We show that a synthetic
monopole field in real space can be created. We prove that the system can be
exactly mapped to the electron-monopole system on sphere, thus realizing
Haldane's spherical geometry for fractional quantum Hall physics. The scheme
works for either bosons or fermions. We investigate the ground state vortex
pattern for an -wave interacting atomic condensate by mapping this system to
the classical Thompson's problem. We further study the distortion and stability
of the vortex pattern when dipolar interaction is present. Our scheme is
compatible with current experimental setup, and may serve as a promising route
of investigating quantum Hall physics and exotic spinor vortex matter on curved
space.Comment: 11 pages, 4 figure
In silico screening of anti-inflammatory constituents with good drug-like properties from twigs of Cinnamomum cassia based on molecular docking and network pharmacology
Purpose: To investigate by in silico screening the anti-inflammatory constituents of Cinnamomum cassia twigs.
Methods: Information on the constituents of C. cassia twigs was retrieved from the online Traditional Chinese Medicines (TCM) database and literature. Inflammation-related target proteins were identified from DrugBank, Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM), Therapeutic Target Database (TTD), Genetic Association Database (GAD), and PharmGKB. The identified compounds were filtered by Lipinskiās rules with Discovery Studio software. The āLibdockā module was used to perform molecular docking; LibdockScores and default cutoff values for hydrogen bonds and van der Waals interactions were recorded. LibdockScores between the prototype ligand and target protein were set as the threshold; compounds with higher LibdockScores than threshold were regarded as active compounds. Cytoscape software was used to construct active constituent-target protein interaction networks.
Results: Sixty-nine potential inflammatory constituents with good drug-like properties in C. cassia twigs were screened in silico based on molecular docking and network pharmacology analysis. JAK2, mPEGS-1, COX-2, IL-1Ī², and PPARĪ³ were considered the five most important target proteins. Compounds such as methyl dihydromelilotoside, hierochin B, dihydromelilotoside, dehydrodiconiferyl alcohol, balanophonin, phenethyl (E)-3-[4-methoxyphenyl]-2-propenoate, quercetin, and luteolin each interacted with more than six of the selected target proteins.
Conclusion: C. cassia twigs possess active compounds with good drug-like properties that can potentially be developed to treat inflammation with multi-components on multi-targets
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