10,046 research outputs found
Soft Methodology for Cost-and-error Sensitive Classification
Many real-world data mining applications need varying cost for different
types of classification errors and thus call for cost-sensitive classification
algorithms. Existing algorithms for cost-sensitive classification are
successful in terms of minimizing the cost, but can result in a high error rate
as the trade-off. The high error rate holds back the practical use of those
algorithms. In this paper, we propose a novel cost-sensitive classification
methodology that takes both the cost and the error rate into account. The
methodology, called soft cost-sensitive classification, is established from a
multicriteria optimization problem of the cost and the error rate, and can be
viewed as regularizing cost-sensitive classification with the error rate. The
simple methodology allows immediate improvements of existing cost-sensitive
classification algorithms. Experiments on the benchmark and the real-world data
sets show that our proposed methodology indeed achieves lower test error rates
and similar (sometimes lower) test costs than existing cost-sensitive
classification algorithms. We also demonstrate that the methodology can be
extended for considering the weighted error rate instead of the original error
rate. This extension is useful for tackling unbalanced classification problems.Comment: A shorter version appeared in KDD '1
Controlling the Intrinsic Josephson Junction Number in a Mesa
In fabricating intrinsic Josephson
junctions in 4-terminal mesa structures, we modify the conventional fabrication
process by markedly reducing the etching rates of argon ion milling. As a
result, the junction number in a stack can be controlled quite satisfactorily
as long as we carefully adjust those factors such as the etching time and the
thickness of the evaporated layers. The error in the junction number is within
. By additional ion etching if necessary, we can controllably decrease
the junction number to a rather small value, and even a single intrinsic
Josephson junction can be produced.Comment: to bu published in Jpn. J. Appl. Phys., 43(7A) 200
Sandy Soil Improvement through Microbially Induced Calcite Precipitation (MICP) by Immersion
The goal of this article is to develop an immersion method to improve the microbially induced calcite precipitation (MICP) treated samples. A batch reactor was assembled to immerse soil samples into cementation media. The cementation media can freely diffuse into the soil samples in the batch reactor instead of cementation media being injected. A full contact flexible mold, a rigid full contact mold, and a cored brick mold were used to prepare different soil sample holders. Synthetic fibers and natural fibers were selected to reinforce the MICP-treated soil samples. The precipitated CaCO3 in different areas of the MICP-treated samples was measured. The CaCO3 distribution results demonstrated that the precipitated CaCO3 was distributed uniformly in the soil sample by the immersion method
Strain Sensor of Carbon Nanotubes in Microscale: From Model to Metrology
A strain sensor composed of carbon nanotubes with Raman spectroscopy can achieve measurement of the three in-plane strain components in microscale. Based on previous work on the mathematic model of carbon nanotube strain sensors, this paper presents a detailed study on the optimization, diversification, and standardization of a CNT strain sensor from the viewpoint of metrology. A new miniaccessory for polarization control is designed, and two different preparing methods for CNT films as sensing media are introduced to provide diversified choices for applications. Then, the standard procedure of creating CNT strain sensors is proposed. Application experiments confirmed the effectiveness of the above improvement, which is helpful in developing this method for convenient metrology
Robust Preparation of Many-body Ground States in Jaynes-Cummings Lattices
Strongly-correlated polaritons in Jaynes-Cummings (JC) lattices can exhibit
quantum phase transitions between the Mott-insulating and superfluid phases at
integer fillings. The prerequisite to observe such phase transitions is to pump
polariton excitations into a JC lattice and prepare them into appropriate
ground states. Despite previous efforts, it is still challenging to generate
many-body states with high accuracy. Here we present an approach for the robust
preparation of many-body ground states of polaritons in finite-sized JC
lattices by optimized nonlinear ramping. We apply a Landau-Zener type of
estimation to this finite-sized system and derive the optimal ramping index for
selected ramping trajectories, which can greatly improve the fidelity of the
prepared states. With numerical simulation, we show that by choosing an
appropriate ramping trajectory, the fidelity in this approach can remain close
to unity in almost the entire parameter space. This approach can shed light on
high-fidelity state preparation in quantum simulators and advance the
implementation of quantum simulation with practical devices.Comment: 9 pages, 7 figure
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