Effect of temperature on microstructure and deformation mechanism of Fe-30Mn-3Si-4Al TWIP steel at strain rate of 700 s-1

As twinning-induced plasticity (TWIP) steel is one potential material for shaped charge liner due to the combination of high strength and high plasticity, deformation mechanism at high strain rate and high temperature is required to study. Compression experiments of Fe-30Mn-3Si-4Al TWIP steel were conducted using a Gleeble-1500 thermal simulation machine and a split-Hopkinson pressure bar (SHPB) between 298 and 1073 K at strain rates of 10-3 and 700 s-1, respectively. Microstructures were observed using optical microscopy (OM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Results show that flow stress and densities of deformation twins and dislocations decrease with increasing deformation temperature at strain rates of 10-3 and 700 s-1. The stack fault energy (SFE) values (Γ) of Fe-30Mn-3Si-4Al TWIP steel at different temperatures were calculated using thermodynamic data. Based on corresponding microstructures, it can be inferred that at 700 s-1, twinning is the main deformation mechanism at 298-573 K for 30 mJ/m2≤Γ≤63 mJ/m, while dislocation gliding is the main deformation mechanism above 1073 K for Γ≥ 145 mJ/m2. In addition, with increasing strain rate from 10-3 to 700 s-1, the SFE range of twinning is enlarged and the SEF value of twinning becomes higher

Retrospective analysis of the impact on the nursing compliance to rehabilitation in elderly patients with stroke dysphagia and their family members

目的  探讨脑卒中吞咽障碍患者及家属饮食护理的依从性对康复效果的影响。方法  对2014年1月14日—12月29日入院的老年脑卒中吞咽障碍患者43名，其中女性患者18名，脑出血8名，脑梗死10名；男性患着25名，脑出血11名，脑梗死14名进行SSA评分，根据误吸风险等级实施饮食分级护理，依据临床营养学知识为患者选择合理的饮食和进食方式进行针对性的饮食指导，强化安全意识，所有患者给予吞咽训练。比较患者住院期间饮食护理依从性与患者发生误吸、窒息、肺炎的关系，采用日常生活能力评估表评价对康复效果的影响。结果  2014年老年脑卒中吞咽障碍患者43例，依据SSA评定结果对吞咽障碍患者进行误吸风险分级，实施相应的个性化的饮食分级护理和吞咽指导8周，依从性好的患者中发生窒息1例，肺炎1例，误吸3例；依从性差的患者中发生窒息3例，肺炎5例，误吸8例，根据患者饮食护理依从性比较，误吸发生率比较有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论  提高患者饮食护理的依从性，保障了病人的饮食安全和生命安全，完善了护理安全预警系统。Objective: To investigate the effects of diet nursing compliance to the rehabilitation in stroke patients with dysphagia. Methods: SSA scale was assessed for 43 cases of elderly stroke patients with dysphagia. The patients were admitted from January 14 to December 29, 2014, including 18 female patients (cerebral hemorrhage 8 cases, cerebral infarction 10 cases) and 25 men patients (cerebral hemorrhage 11 cases, cerebral infarction 14 cases). According to the level of risk of aspiration, diet grading nursing was done. A reasonable diet and eating pattern were selected, which was based on clinical nutrition knowledge. Swallowing training was given to the patients, with targeted dietary guidance to strengthen safety awareness. The relationship of the diet care compliance and the aspiration, asphyxia, and pneumonia was studied, and daily living assessment table was used to evaluate the effect of rehabilitation. Results: 43 cases of elderly stroke patients with dysphagia in 2014 were included. According to the SSA evaluation results, patients were graded by aspiration hazard. After the implementation of appropriate personalized diet grading nursing and swallowing guidance for eight weeks, patients with good compliance occurred: asphyxia 1 case, pneumonia 1 case, aspiration 3 cases, but patients with poor compliance occurs : asphyxia 3 cases, pneumonia 5 cases, aspiration 8 cases. Aspiration incidence based on patient care compliance was statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion: It is important to improve diet nursing compliance in patients. It can provide protection for food safety and life safety, and improve the care and safety warning systems.

CYP1A1 MspI and exon7 gene polymorphisms and lung cancer risk: An updated meta-analysis and review

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Many studies have examined the association between the CYP1A1 MspI and exon 7 gene polymorphisms and lung cancer risk in various populations, but their results have been inconsistent.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>To assess this relationship more precisely, a meta-analysis and review were performed. The PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and CNKI database was searched for case-control studies published up to June 2010. Data were extracted and pooled odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Ultimately, 64 studies, comprising 18,397 subjects from 49 case-control studies of the MspI genotype and 18,518 patients from 40 case-control studies of the exon 7 genotype, were included. A significantly elevated lung cancer risk was associated with 2 MspI genotype variants (for type C vs Type A: OR = 1.26, 95% CI = 1.12-1.42; for types B and C combined vs Type A: OR = 1.20, 95% CI = 1.13-1.28) in overall population. In the stratified analysis, a significant association was found in Asians, Caucasians, lung SCC, lung AC and Male population, not in mixed population, lung SCLC and Female population. However, inconsistent results were observed for CYP1A1 exon7 in our meta-analysis, two variants of the exon 7 polymorphism were associated with a significantly higher risk for lung cancer (for Val/Val vs Ile/Ile: OR = 1.24, 95% CI = 1.09-1.42; for (Ile/Val +Val/Val) vs Ile/Ile: OR = 1.15, 95% CI = 1.07-1.24) in overall population. In the stratified analysis, a significant assocation was found in Asians, Caucasians, lung SCC and Female population, not in mixed population, lung AD, lung SCLC and Male population. Additionally, a significant association was found in smoker population and not found in non-smoker populations for CYP1A1 MspI and exon7 gene.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>This meta-analysis suggests that the MspI and exon 7 polymorphisms of CYP1A1 correlate with increased lung cancer susceptibility and there is an interaction between two genotypes of CYP1A1 polymorphism and smoking, but these associations vary in different ethnic populations, histological types of lung caner and gender of case and control population.</p

4,5,6,7-Tetra­chloro-2-(4-fluoro­phen­yl)isoindoline-1,3-dione

The title compound, C14H4Cl4FNO2, has crystallographic twofold symmetry with the N and F atoms and two C atoms of the benzene ring located on a twofold rotation axis. The isoindole­dione ring system is almost planar [maximum atomic deviation = 0.036 (3) Å], and is twisted with respect to the florobenzene ring, making a dihedral angle of 58.56 (16)°. Weak inter­molecular C—H⋯Cl hydrogen bonding is present in the crystal structure

电话随访对妊娠期糖尿病指导效果的研究

Objective: To evaluate the effects of gestational diabetes mellitus by telephone follow-up interviewing Guidance. Methods: The 198 cases of GDM were divided into two groups, the test group were guided for meal plan, exercise and glucose monitoring by telephone follow-up interviewing, while the control group be done nothing. The blood sugar score, cesarean rate, fetal macrosomia birthrate and neonatal referral rates in two groups were compared. Results: The scores of their blood sugar, cesarean rate, fetal macrosomia birthrate and neonatal referral rates of the test group were significantly better than those of the control group (P＜0.05). Conclusion: Telephone follow-up interviewing guidance was clinically proven effective.目的  了解电话随访对妊娠期糖尿病患者的指导效果。方法  将198例确诊为妊娠期糖尿病（GDM）的患者按照奇数为试验组、偶数为对照组的方法分为 2 组。试验组在实施孕妇学校健康教育指导的基础上定时进行电话随访。对照组只给予孕妇学校健康教育指导。比较两组孕妇血糖控制效果、剖宫产率、巨大儿出生率及新生儿转诊率。结果  孕妇血糖控制效果、剖宫产率、巨大儿出生率及新生儿转诊率均优于对照组，两组相比差异具有显著性（P＜0.05）。结论  电话随访指导对妊娠期糖尿病的健康指导具有良好的效果