Static Quark Potential and the Renormalized Anisotropy on Tadpole Improved Anisotropic Lattices

Static quark potential is studied using a tadpole improved gauge lattice action. The scale is set using the potential for a wide range of bare parameters. The renormalized anisotropy of the lattice is also measured.Comment: 11 pages, 5 figures, accepted for publication in Int. J. Mod. Phys.

Determination and Improvement of Building Speed in Rapid Freeze Prototyping 514

Rapid freeze prototyping (RFP) is a solid freeform fabrication process that builds an ice part by rapidly freezing water in a layer by layer manner. One advantage of this process is the ability to build ice parts faster than other SFF processes. The factors that affect the speed of contour building and interior filling in RFP are identified. The influence of these factors is analyzed through heat transfer and material flow analyses. A model based on heat transfer analysis is proposed to determine the maximum achievable speed of contour building under stable conditions. Experiments are conducted to validate the performance of the proposed model for determination of building speed.Mechanical Engineerin

Information-Theoretic Measure of Genuine Multi-Qubit Entanglement

We consider pure quantum states of N qubits and study the genuine N-qubit entanglement that is shared among all the N qubits. We introduce an information-theoretic measure of genuine N-qubit entanglement based on bipartite partitions. When N is an even number, this measure is presented in a simple formula, which depends only on the purities of the partially reduced density matrices. It can be easily computed theoretically and measured experimentally. When N is an odd number, the measure can also be obtained in principle.Comment: 5 pages, 2 figure

\u3csup\u3e99m\u3c/sup\u3eTc-Labeled C2A Domain of Synaptotagmin I as a Target-Specific Molecular Probe for Noninvasive Imaging of Acute Myocardial Infarction

Abstract: The exposure of phosphatidylserine (PtdS) is a common molecular marker for both apoptosis and necrosis and enables the simultaneous detection of these distinct modes of cell death. Our aim was to develop a radiotracer based on the PtdS-binding activity of the C2A domain of synaptotagmin I and assess 99mTc-C2A-GST (GST is glutathione S-transferase) using a reperfused acute myocardial infarction (AMI) rat model. Methods: The binding of C2A-GST toward apoptosis and necrosis was validated in vitro. After labeling with 99mTc via 2-iminothiolane thiolation, radiochemical purity and radiostability were tested. Pharmacokinetics and biodistribution were studied in healthy rats. The uptake of 99mTc-C2A-GST within the area at risk was quantified by direct γ-counting, whereas nonspecific accumulation was estimated using inactivated 99mTc-C2A-GST. In vivo planar imaging of AMI in rats was performed on a γ-camera using a parallel-hole collimator. Radioactivity uptake was investigated by region-of-interest analysis, and postmortem tetrazolium staining versus autoradiography. Results: Fluorescently labeled and radiolabeled C2A-GST bound both apoptotic and necrotic cells. 99mTc-C2A-GST had a radiochemical purity of \u3e98% and remained stable. After intravenous injection, the uptake in the liver and kidneys was significant. For 99mTc-C2A-GST, radioactivity uptake in the area at risk reached between 2.40 and 2.63 %ID/g (%ID/g is percentage injected dose per gram) within 30 min and remained plateaued for at least 3 h. In comparison, with the inactivated tracer the radioactivity reached 1.06 ± 0.49 %ID/g at 30 min, followed by washout to 0.52 ± 0.23 %ID/g. In 7 of 7 rats, the infarct was clearly identifiable as focal uptake in planar images. At 3 h after injection, the infarct-to-lung ratios were 2.48 ± 0.27, 1.29 ± 0.09, and 1.46 ± 0.04 for acute-infarct rats with 99mTc-C2A-GST, sham-operated rats with 99mTc-C2A-GST, and acute-infarct rats with 99mTc-C2A-GST-NHS (NHS is N-hydroxy succinimide), respectively. The distribution of radioactivity was confirmed by autoradiography and histology. Conclusion: The C2A domain of synaptotagmin I labeled with fluorochromes or a radioisotope binds to both apoptotic and necrotic cells. Ex vivo and in vivo data indicate that, because of elevated vascular permeability, both specific binding and passive leakage contribute to the accumulation of the radiotracer in the area at risk. However, the latter component alone is insufficient to achieve detectable target-to-background ratios with in vivo planar imaging

Study of multiband disordered systems using the typical medium dynamical cluster approximation

We generalize the typical medium dynamical cluster approximation to multiband disordered systems. Using our extended formalism, we perform a systematic study of the non-local correlation effects induced by disorder on the density of states and the mobility edge of the three-dimensional two-band Anderson model. We include inter-band and intra-band hopping and an intra-band disorder potential. Our results are consistent with the ones obtained by the transfer matrix and the kernel polynomial methods. We apply the method to K$_x$Fe$_{2-y}$Se$_2$ with Fe vacancies. Despite the strong vacancy disorder and anisotropy, we find the material is not an Anderson insulator. Our results demonstrate the application of the typical medium dynamical cluster approximation method to study Anderson localization in real materials.Comment: 10 pages, 8 figure

Deletion of internal twenty-one amino acid residues of Escherichia coli prolipoprotein does not affect the formation of the murein-bound lipoprotein

AbstractMutation pgsA affecting the phosphatidylglycerol phosphate synthesis is lethal for all but certain E. coli strains such as strains deleted for the lpp gene or strains containing unmodifiable prolipoprotein like lppD14. Strain SD312 pgsA3 is tolerant to pgsA mutation, which suggests the lpp alleles in strain SD312 pgsA3 and its parental strain SD12 may be defective. DNA sequence analysis of the lpp genes in Escherichia coli strains SD12 and SD312 pgsA using asymmetric polymerase chain reaction showed that the lpp alleles in these two strains contained a 63 base pair deletion corresponding to the 37th to 57th codons of the wild-type lpp gene. [3H]Palmitate labeling of strains SD12 and SDS312 showed that the mutant lipoprotein in SD12 strain was modified with lipid, while the prolipoprotein in SD312 was not modified. The shortened mature lipoprotein in SD12 and the lipid-modified prolipoprotein in globomycin-treated SD12 were found to be covalently attached to the peptidoglycan, while the unmodified prolipoprotein in SD312 did not form significant amounts of murein-bound lipoprotein