388 research outputs found
SeeCucumbers: using deep learning and drone iagery to detect sea cucumbers on coral reef flats
Sea cucumbers (Holothuroidea or holothurians) are a valuable fishery and are also crucial nutrient recyclers, bioturbation agents, and hosts for many biotic associates. Their ecological impacts could be substantial given their high abundance in some reef locations and thus monitoring their populations and spatial distribution is of research interest. Traditional in situ surveys are laborious and only cover small areas but drones offer an opportunity to scale observations more broadly, especially if the holothurians can be automatically detected in drone imagery using deep learning algorithms. We adapted the object detection algorithm YOLOv3 to detect holothurians from drone imagery at Hideaway Bay, Queensland, Australia. We successfully detected 11,462 of 12,956 individuals over 2.7ha with an average density of 0.5 individual/m2. We tested a range of hyperparameters to determine the optimal detector performance and achieved 0.855 mAP, 0.82 precision, 0.83 recall, and 0.82 F1 score. We found as few as ten labelled drone images was sufficient to train an acceptable detection model (0.799 mAP). Our results illustrate the potential of using small, affordable drones with direct implementation of open-source object detection models to survey holothurians and other shallow water sessile species
Plasmid encoding matrix protein of vesicular stomatitis viruses as an antitumor agent inhibiting rat glioma growth in situ
Aim: Oncolytic effect of vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) has been proved previously. Aim of the study is to investigate glioma inhibition effect of Matrix (M) protein of VSV in situ. Materials and Methods: A recombinant plasmid encoding VSV M protein (PM) was genetically engineered, and then transfected into cultured C6 gliomas cells in vitro. C6 transfected with Liposome-encapsulated PM (LEPM) was implanted intracranially for tumorigenicity study. In treatment experiment, rats were sequentially established intracranial gliomas with wild-typed C6 cells, and accepted LEPM injection intravenously. Possible mechanism of M protein was studied by using Hoechst staining, PI-stained flow cytometric analysis, TUNEL staining and CD31 staining. Results: M protein can induce generous gliomas lysis in vitro. None of the rats implanted with LEPM-treated cells developed any significant tumors, whereas all rats in control group developed tumors. In treatment experiment, smaller tumor volume and prolonged survival time was found in the LEPM-treated group. Histological studies revealed that possible mechanism were apoptosis and anti-angiogenesis. Conclusion: VSV-M protein can inhibit gliomas growth in vitro and in situ, which indicates such a potential novel biotherapeutic strategy for glioma treatment.Π¦Π΅Π»Ρ: ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΠΈΡΡ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠΊΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΈΠ½Π° (Π ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΈΠ½Π°) Π²ΠΈΡΡΡΠ° Π²Π΅Π·ΠΈΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ° (ΠΠΠ‘) ΡΠ³Π½Π΅ΡΠ°ΡΡ ΡΠΎΡΡ Π³Π»ΠΈΠΎΠΌΡ
in situ. ΠΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»Ρ ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ: ΡΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π° ΡΠ΅ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ±ΠΈΠ½Π°Π½ΡΠ½Π°Ρ ΠΏΠ»Π°Π·ΠΌΠΈΠ΄Π°, ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΡΡΡΡΠ°Ρ Π ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΈΠ½ ΠΠΠ‘, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠ°Ρ Π·Π°ΡΠ΅ΠΌ Π±ΡΠ»Π°
ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π° Π² ΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠ²ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΊΠΈ Π³Π»ΠΈΠΎΠΌΡ Π‘6 in. ΠΠ»Π΅ΡΠΊΠΈ Π³Π»ΠΈΠΎΠΌΡ Π‘6, ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΈΠ½ΠΊΠ°ΠΏΡΡΠ»ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΠΌ
Π² Π»ΠΈΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠΌΡ Π ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΌ (ΠΠΠΠ), ΠΈΠΌΠΏΠ»Π°Π½ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈ ΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΡΠΌΠΎΡΠΎΠ³Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ. Π ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΊΡΡΡΠ°ΠΌ
Ρ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠΏΠ»Π°Π½ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ Π³Π»ΠΈΠΎΠΌΠΎΠΉ Π‘6 (ΠΈΡΡ
ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΡΠΉ ΡΡΠ°ΠΌΠΌ) Π²Π½ΡΡΡΠΈΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎ Π²Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΠΠΠ. ΠΠΏΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ΅ Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΅
Π ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΈΠ½Π° Π½Π° ΠΎΠΏΡΡ
ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²ΡΠ΅ ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΊΠΈ ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΠ°Π»ΠΈ Ρ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΡΠ»ΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠΈΠΊΡΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΠΈ (ΠΎΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎ Π₯Π΅Ρ
ΡΡΡ),
ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠΈ (ΠΎΠΊΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΏΠΈΠ΄ΠΈΡΠΌΠΎΠΌ ΠΉΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ), TUNEL Π²Π°ΡΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΡ ΠΎΠΏΡΡ
ΠΎΠ»ΠΈ ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈ Π³ΠΈΡΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈ ΠΈ Π²Π°ΡΠΊΡΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΡ ΠΎΠΏΡΡ
ΠΎΠ»ΠΈ ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈ Π³ΠΈΡΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈ ΠΈ
ΠΈΠΌΠΌΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΡΠΎΡ
ΠΈΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈ Ρ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Π°Π½ΡΠΈ-CD31 ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΊΠ»ΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π°Π½ΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π». 31 ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΊΠ»ΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π°Π½ΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π». 31 ΠΌΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΊΠ»ΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π°Π½ΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π». Π Π΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ: Π ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΈΠ½ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ ΠΈΠ½Π΄ΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡ
Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡ ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΎΠΊ Π³Π»ΠΈΠΎΠΌΡ in. ΠΠΈ Ρ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΆΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Ρ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠΏΠ»Π°Π½ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΊΠ»Π΅ΡΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΈ Π³Π»ΠΈΠΎΠΌΡ, ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ°Π½Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΠΠΠ,
Π½Π΅ Π²ΠΎΠ·Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ°Π»ΠΈ ΠΎΠΏΡΡ
ΠΎΠ»ΠΈ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ°Π·ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°, ΡΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Ρ Π²ΡΠ΅Ρ
ΠΊΡΡΡ ΠΈΠ· ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π³ΡΡΠΏΠΏΡ ΠΎΠΏΡΡ
ΠΎΠ»ΠΈ ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΈΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈΡΡ. Π Π³ΡΡΠΏΠΏΠ΅
ΠΆΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ
, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΡΠΌ Π²Π²ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΠΠΠ, ΠΎΠΏΡΡ
ΠΎΠ»ΠΈ Π±ΡΠ»ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ° ΠΈ ΠΎΡΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°Π»ΠΈ ΡΠ²Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΆΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΆΠΈΠ·Π½ΠΈ
ΠΆΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΠ½ΡΡ
. ΠΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ Π ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΈΠ½ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅Ρ Π°Π½ΡΠΈΠ°Π½Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ³Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ²ΠΎΠΉΡΡΠ²Π° ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°Π΄Π°Π΅Ρ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΡΡΡΡ ΠΈΠ½Π΄ΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡ Π°ΠΏΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΠ·.
ΠΡΠ²ΠΎΠ΄Ρ: Π ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΈΠ½ ΠΠΠ‘ ΠΈΠ½Π³ΠΈΠ±ΠΈΡΡΠ΅Ρ ΡΠΎΡΡ Π³Π»ΠΈΠΎΠΌΡ in ΠΈ in. ΠΠ° ΡΡΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π΅ ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅Ρ Π±ΡΡΡ ΡΠ°Π·ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΠ°Π½Π° ΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎ Π½ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ
Π±ΠΈΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΏΠ΅Π²ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠ°Ρ ΡΡΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΡ Π΄Π»Ρ Π»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² Ρ Π³Π»ΠΈΠΎΠΌΠ°ΠΌΠΈ
Production of the -Wave Excited -States through the Boson Decays
In Ref.[7],we have dealt with the production of the two color-singlet
-wave -quarkonium states and
through the boson decays. As an
important sequential work, we make a further discussion on the production of
the more complicated -wave excited -quarkonium states, i.e.
and (with
). More over, we also calculate the channel with the two color-octet
quarkonium states and , whose contributions to the decay width maybe at the same order of
magnitude as that of the color-singlet -wave states according to the naive
nonrelativistic quantum chromodynamics scaling rules. The -wave states shall
provide sizable contributions to the production, whose decay width is
about 20% of the total decay width . After summing up all
the mentioned -quarkonium states' contributions, we obtain
KeV, where the errors are caused
by the main uncertainty sources.Comment: 8 pages, 5 figures and 2 tables. basic formulae in the appendix are
cut off to match the published version, which can be found in v1. to be
published in Eur.Phys.J.
Revisiting the -Meson Production at the Hadronic Colliders
The production of heavy-flavored hadron at the hadronic colliders provides a
challenging opportunity to test the validity of pQCD predictions. There are two
mechanisms for the hadroproduction, i.e. the gluon-gluon fusion
mechanism via the subprocess and the
extrinsic heavy quark mechanism via the subprocesses and , both of which shall have sizable
contributions in proper kinematic region. Different from the
fixed-flavor-number scheme (FFNS) previously adopted in the literature, we
study the hadroproduction under the general-mass
variable-flavor-number scheme (GM-VFNS), in which we can consistently deal with
the double counting problem from the above two mechanisms. Properties for the
hadroproduction are discussed. To be useful reference, a
comparative study of FFNS and GM-VFNS is presented. Both of which can provide
reasonable estimations for the hadroproduction. At the Tevatron,
the difference between these two schemes is small, however such difference is
obvious at the LHC. The forthcoming more precise data on LHC shall provide a
good chance to check which scheme is more appropriate to deal with the
-meson production and to further study the heavy quark components in
hadrons.Comment: 18 pages, 8 figures, 4 tables. To match the published version. To be
published in Eur.Phys.J.
Search for the Rare Decays J/Psi --> Ds- e+ nu_e, J/Psi --> D- e+ nu_e, and J/Psi --> D0bar e+ e-
We report on a search for the decays J/Psi --> Ds- e+ nu_e + c.c., J/Psi -->
D- e+ nu_e + c.c., and J/Psi --> D0bar e+ e- + c.c. in a sample of 5.8 * 10^7
J/Psi events collected with the BESII detector at the BEPC. No excess of signal
above background is observed, and 90% confidence level upper limits on the
branching fractions are set: B(J/Psi --> Ds- e+ nu_e + c.c.)<4.8*10^-5, B(J/Psi
--> D- e+ nu_e + c.c.) D0bar e+ e- + c.c.)<1.1*10^-5Comment: 10 pages, 4 figure
Direct Measurements of the Branching Fractions for and and Determinations of the Form Factors and
The absolute branching fractions for the decays and
are determined using singly
tagged sample from the data collected around 3.773 GeV with the
BES-II detector at the BEPC. In the system recoiling against the singly tagged
meson, events for and events for decays are observed. Those yield
the absolute branching fractions to be and . The
vector form factors are determined to be
and . The ratio of the two form
factors is measured to be .Comment: 6 pages, 5 figure
Study of J/psi decays to Lambda Lambdabar and Sigma0 Sigma0bar
The branching ratios and Angular distributions for J/psi decays to Lambda
Lambdabar and Sigma0 Sigma0bar are measured using BESII 58 million J/psi.Comment: 11 pages, 5 figure
Measurements of J/psi Decays into 2(pi+pi-)eta and 3(pi+pi-)eta
Based on a sample of 5.8X 10^7 J/psi events taken with the BESII detector,
the branching fractions of J/psi--> 2(pi+pi-)eta and J/psi-->3(pi+pi-)eta are
measured for the first time to be (2.26+-0.08+-0.27)X10^{-3} and
(7.24+-0.96+-1.11)X10^{-4}, respectively.Comment: 11 pages, 6 figure
BESII Detector Simulation
A Monte Carlo program based on Geant3 has been developed for BESII detector
simulation. The organization of the program is outlined, and the digitization
procedure for simulating the response of various sub-detectors is described.
Comparisons with data show that the performance of the program is generally
satisfactory.Comment: 17 pages, 14 figures, uses elsart.cls, to be submitted to NIM
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