Finite collineation groups in projective spaces of one two and three dimensions

The account given in this thesis of the finite collineation groups in projective spaces of one, two and three dimensions is divided into two main sections. Section I indicates some of the methods available for determining the orders of the primitive groups in these spaces, with particular reference to the work done in one and two dimensions by H.F. Blichfeldt, and in three dimensions by G. Bagnera. Section II is an investigation of some of the primitive groups in three dimensions which are generated by biaxial homographies. This latter section has four main paragraphs; in paragraph II the groups generated by biaxial homographies which leave fixed a quadric are determined, and we are concerned with those groups which are isomorphic with symmetric groups in paragraph III; the methods used in these two paragraphs are my own. The group of order 11520 which leaves fixed the Klein 60 15, configuration is the subject of paragraph IV, the operations of this group and some of its subgroups are found by methods based on those used by J. Todd to determine a simple group of order 25920 in four dimensions. Similar methods are used in paragraph V to find the operations of a simple group of order 25920 leaving fixed a configuration of forty-five points and planes; the configuration has been described by G. Bagnera, but I can find no other account of the group in three dimensions.<p

Patients with alcohol-related liver disease - beliefs about their illness and factors that influence their self-management

AIM: To determine the association between illness belief and self-efficacy to provide the evidence-base to develop a personalized framework to support self-management in patients with alcohol-related liver disease.BACKGROUND: Research in a variety of long-term illnesses suggests patients' illness beliefs are a more influential factor for patient recovery than the severity of the illness. However, research into illness belief and self-efficacy of patients with alcohol-related liver disease is sparse.DESIGN: A cross-sectional survey.METHODS: A cohort of 159 patients with alcohol-related liver disease who attended the Liver Outpatient Clinics at a London Hospital (October 2012-November 2013) completed a set of validated instruments measuring illness beliefs, self-efficacy, emotional states and quality of life.FINDINGS: The mean age of enrolled patients was 52 years, 67% male, 26% live on their own, 61% had no previous history of other chronic illness and average Model for End-Stage Liver Disease and The AUDIT Alcohol Consumption Questions scores were 11·0 and 3·5 respectively. After adjusting for demographic and illness characteristic components, multiple regression analysis shows that the three illness belief components 'Symptoms', 'Understanding' and 'Concerns' made a significant contribution to their confidence to self-manage their liver condition and the 'Symptoms' component makes a signification contribution across to all outcome measures: Anxiety, Depression, Quality of Life and Self-Efficacy.CONCLUSION: Interventions designed to improve these patients' understanding of their illness and strategies to manage their symptoms are likely to improve their self-management, quality of life and reduce anxiety and depression.</p

Women and People From Deprived Areas Are Less Likely to be Assessed for Liver Transplantation for Alcohol-related Liver Disease: Results From a National Study of Transplant Assessments

Copyright \ua9 2025 The Author(s).Background. Alcohol-related liver disease (ArLD) is the most common indication for liver transplantation in Europe and the United States. Few studies have examined the characteristics of patients with ArLD formally assessed for liver transplants. Methods. We collected prospective data on every patient with ArLD formally assessed for liver transplantation in the United Kingdom during a 12-mo period. Results. Five hundred forty-nine patients with ArLD were assessed for liver transplantation. The median Model for End-Stage Liver Disease (MELD) score was 15 and the UK MELD score was 54. 24% were women. The median duration of abstinence was 12 mo. Listing outcomes were 59% listed, 4% deferred, and 37% not listed. The reasons for not listing were medical comorbidities (29%), too early for transplantation (20%), potential recoverability (18%), recent alcohol use (12%), and other (21%). Patients listed for transplant had a higher median MELD (16 versus 13; P &lt; 0.001) and UK MELD scores (55 versus 53; P &lt; 0.001), longer duration of abstinence (median 12 versus 10 mo; P = 0.026), and no differences in sex (P = 0.258), age distribution (P = 0.53), or deprivation deciles compared with those not listed. Comparing patients assessed for transplantation to national data on deaths from ArLD revealed a lower proportion of female patients (24% assessed versus 36% deaths; P &lt; 0.001) and patients from areas of high deprivation (assessments: deaths, most deprived decile 1:20 versus least deprived decile 1:9). Conclusions. This study provides the first complete national profile of evaluations for liver transplantation for patients with ArLD. Women and patients from the most deprived deciles of the population may be relatively underrepresented

Impact of a Prohibitive Versus Restrictive Tobacco Policy on Liver Transplant Candidate Outcomes

Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/150602/1/lt25497_am.pdfhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/150602/2/lt25497.pd

Quality standards for the management of alcohol-related liver disease: consensus recommendations from the British Association for the Study of the Liver and British Society of Gastroenterology ARLD special interest group

Objective Alcohol-related liver disease (ALD) is the most common cause of liver-related ill health and liver-related deaths in the UK, and deaths from ALD have doubled in the last decade. The management of ALD requires treatment of both liver disease and alcohol use; this necessitates effective and constructive multidisciplinary working. To support this, we have developed quality standard recommendations for the management of ALD, based on evidence and consensus expert opinion, with the aim of improving patient care. Design A multidisciplinary group of experts from the British Association for the Study of the Liver and British Society of Gastroenterology ALD Special Interest Group developed the quality standards, with input from the British Liver Trust and patient representatives. Results The standards cover three broad themes: the recognition and diagnosis of people with ALD in primary care and the liver outpatient clinic; the management of acutely decompensated ALD including acute alcohol-related hepatitis and the posthospital care of people with advanced liver disease due to ALD. Draft quality standards were initially developed by smaller working groups and then an anonymous modified Delphi voting process was conducted by the entire group to assess the level of agreement with each statement. Statements were included when agreement was 85% or greater. Twenty-four quality standards were produced from this process which support best practice. From the final list of statements, a smaller number of auditable key performance indicators were selected to allow services to benchmark their practice and an audit tool provided. Conclusion It is hoped that services will review their practice against these recommendations and key performance indicators and institute service development where needed to improve the care of patients with ALD

Quality standards for the management of alcohol-related liver disease: consensus recommendations from the British Association for the Study of the Liver and British Society of Gastroenterology ARLD special interest group

Objective Alcohol-related liver disease (ALD) is the most common cause of liver-related ill health and liver-related deaths in the UK, and deaths from ALD have doubled in the last decade. The management of ALD requires treatment of both liver disease and alcohol use; this necessitates effective and constructive multidisciplinary working. To support this, we have developed quality standard recommendations for the management of ALD, based on evidence and consensus expert opinion, with the aim of improving patient care. Design A multidisciplinary group of experts from the British Association for the Study of the Liver and British Society of Gastroenterology ALD Special Interest Group developed the quality standards, with input from the British Liver Trust and patient representatives. Results The standards cover three broad themes: the recognition and diagnosis of people with ALD in primary care and the liver outpatient clinic; the management of acutely decompensated ALD including acute alcoholrelated hepatitis and the posthospital care of people with advanced liver disease due to ALD. Draft quality standards were initially developed by smaller working groups and then an anonymous modified Delphi voting process was conducted by the entire group to assess the level of agreement with each statement. Statements were included when agreement was 85% or greater. Twenty-four quality standards were produced from this process which support best practice. From the final list of statements, a smaller number of auditable key performance indicators were selected to allow services to benchmark their practice and an audit tool provided. Conclusion It is hoped that services will review their practice against these recommendations and key performance indicators and institute service development where needed to improve the care of patients with ALD

Quality standards for the management of alcohol-related liver disease: consensus recommendations from the British Association for the Study of the Liver and British Society of Gastroenterology ARLD special interest group

Objective Alcohol-related liver disease (ALD) is the most common cause of liver-related ill health and liver-related deaths in the UK, and deaths from ALD have doubled in the last decade. The management of ALD requires treatment of both liver disease and alcohol use; this necessitates effective and constructive multidisciplinary working. To support this, we have developed quality standard recommendations for the management of ALD, based on evidence and consensus expert opinion, with the aim of improving patient care. Design A multidisciplinary group of experts from the British Association for the Study of the Liver and British Society of Gastroenterology ALD Special Interest Group developed the quality standards, with input from the British Liver Trust and patient representatives. Results The standards cover three broad themes: the recognition and diagnosis of people with ALD in primary care and the liver outpatient clinic; the management of acutely decompensated ALD including acute alcoholrelated hepatitis and the posthospital care of people with advanced liver disease due to ALD. Draft quality standards were initially developed by smaller working groups and then an anonymous modified Delphi voting process was conducted by the entire group to assess the level of agreement with each statement. Statements were included when agreement was 85% or greater. Twenty-four quality standards were produced from this process which support best practice. From the final list of statements, a smaller number of auditable key performance indicators were selected to allow services to benchmark their practice and an audit tool provided. Conclusion It is hoped that services will review their practice against these recommendations and key performance indicators and institute service development where needed to improve the care of patients with ALD