Exact solutions of κ-dependent Schrödinger equation with quantum pseudo-harmonic oscillator and its applications for the thermodynamic properties in normal and superstatistics

The effects of the curvature parameters on the energy eigenvalues and thermodynamic properties of quantum pseudoharmonic oscillator are investigated within the framework of nonrelativistic quantum mechanics. By employing Nikiforov-Uvarov method, the energy spectra are obtained and used to study the ordinary statistics and q-deformed superstatistics as a function of temperature in the presence and absence of the curvature parameters. It is shown that the q-deformed supertatistics properties of the quantum pseudoharmonic oscillator reduce to the ordinary statistical properties in the absence of the deformation parameter. Finally, our results are illustrated graphically to show the behaviour of the energy spectra and thermodynamic properties for the three curvature parameters:κ=−1,κ=1andκ=0

Antioxidant and gastroprotective activities of <i>Andrographis paniculata</i> (Hempedu Bumi) in Sprague Dawley rats

767-772Antioxidant and gastroprotective activities of aqueous and ethanolic extract of Andrographis paniculata leaves in rats have been reported. Sprague Dawley rats, 6 per group were used and rats in groups 1 to 6 were pretreated with (0.25% w/v) carboxymethyl cellulose (negative control, 5 ml/kg), 20 mg/kg omeprazole (positive control), (250 mg/kg and 500 mg/kg) of aqueous leaf extracts (APLAE) and (250 and 500 mg/kg) of ethanol leaf extracts (APLEE) respectively. Animals were orally administered with 95% ethanol (5 ml/kg) 60 min after their pretreatments. Rats were sacrificed 1 h after treatment and gastric contents were collected to measure pH and mucous weight. Stomach was analyzed for gross and histological changes. Ulcer control group showed extensive lesions of gastric mucosal layer, whereas rats pretreated with omeprazole, 250 and 500 mg/kg of APLAE showed significant and dose dependent reduction in gastric lesions with increased pH and mucus content of stomach. Rats pretreated with 250 or 500 mg/kg of APLEE showed significantly better inhibition of gastric mucosal lesions. Further, the in vitro antioxidant studies using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay showed that ethanol extracts have superior free radical scavenging activity with IC50 value = 10.9 than aqueous extracts with IC50 value = 24.65. Results of this study showed that pretreatment with ethonolic extract of A. paniculata ethanolic provided significant protection against gastric ulcer by regulating of pH, mucous production and antioxidant property

Cytoprotective activities of Polygonum minus aqueous leaf extract on ethanol-induced gastric ulcer in rats

Polygonum minus is a medicinal plant commonly used in traditional medicine for the treatment of many aliments. The present study was performed to investigate anti-ulcer activity of P. minus aqueous leaf extract (PMALE) against ethanol-induced gastric ulcer in rats. Group 1 rats (ulcer control group) were pre-treated with vehicle (distilled water). Group 2 rats (reference group) were orally pretreated with 20 mg/kg omeprazole. Group 3 and 4 (experimental groups) were orally pre-treated with 250 and 500 mg/kg PMALE, respectively. After one hour later, all groups received absolute ethanol to generate gastric mucosal injury. After an additional hour, all the rats were sacrificed and the gastric juice was collected for determining of pH and mucous weight. The stomachs were examined for gastric ulcer areas. Grossly; the ulcer control group exhibited severe mucosal injury, whereas pre-treatment with either omeprazole or PMALE exhibited significant protection of gastric mucosal injury and increase in mucus production. Flattening of gastric mucosal folds was also observed in rats pretreated with PMALE. Histology, gastric wall of ulcer control group revealed severe damage of gastric mucosa, along with edema and leucocytes infiltration of the submucosal layer compared to rats pre-treated with either omeprazole or PMALE which showed marked gastric protection, reduction of edema and leucocytes infiltration of the submucosal layer. Acute toxicity study with a higher dose of 5 g/kg did not manifest any toxicological signs in rats. In conclusions, the present finding suggests that PMALE promotes ulcer protection as ascertained by the comparative decreases in ulcer areas, reduction of edema and leucocytes infiltration of the submucosal layer

Organic humidity sensing film optimization by embedding inorganic nano-anatase TiO2 powder

In this work, surface-type humidity sensors with P3HT (organic) and P3HT–TiO2 (organic–inorganic hybrid) active layers have been fabricated. The surface morphology of the humidity active films has been studied by atomic force microscopy, whereas their crystalline structure has been studied by X-ray diffraction. We have aimed at improving the sensing parameters of P3HT-based humidity sensor, by embedding nano-anatase TiO2 powder in pristine organic P3HT moiety. The capacitance versus relative humidity (%RH) response curves of the organic and hybrid humidity sensors have been examined in 30–98%RH range (dark ambient condition, room temperature). In general, an increase in capacitance has been observed in both sensors with the increment in RH level. The observed response of both humidity sensors is believed to be associated with polarization change due to the adsorption of water molecules and transfer of charge carriers due to the formation of charge transfer complexes. The hybrid-based humidity sensor has shown significantly improved humidity-sensing parameters, i.e., fivefold higher sensitivity, with hysteresis reduced to one-third as compared to that of pristine organic humidity sensor. A relatively faster response and recovery time has also been obtained by the hybrid sample