Finishing the euchromatic sequence of the human genome

The sequence of the human genome encodes the genetic instructions for human physiology, as well as rich information about human evolution. In 2001, the International Human Genome Sequencing Consortium reported a draft sequence of the euchromatic portion of the human genome. Since then, the international collaboration has worked to convert this draft into a genome sequence with high accuracy and nearly complete coverage. Here, we report the result of this finishing process. The current genome sequence (Build 35) contains 2.85 billion nucleotides interrupted by only 341 gaps. It covers ∼99% of the euchromatic genome and is accurate to an error rate of ∼1 event per 100,000 bases. Many of the remaining euchromatic gaps are associated with segmental duplications and will require focused work with new methods. The near-complete sequence, the first for a vertebrate, greatly improves the precision of biological analyses of the human genome including studies of gene number, birth and death. Notably, the human enome seems to encode only 20,000-25,000 protein-coding genes. The genome sequence reported here should serve as a firm foundation for biomedical research in the decades ahead

5G-ENSURE D3.4: 5G-PPP Security Enablers Documentation (v1.0)

This document contains the manuals of the first software releases of the 5G security enablers that are developed within the 5G-ENSURE project. Each enabler has its own separate manual, which comprises the following three main parts: (1) an installation and administration guide, (2) a user and programmer guide,and (3) a description of unit tests for the enabler’s software. The enablers’ manuals are an important input for the enablers’ deployment in the project’s testbed (WP4), where the enablers will be analyzed and evaluated.Note that the software of the project’s security enablers is part of the accompanying deliverable D3.3 “5GPPP security enablers sw release (v1.0): reference implementations for the first set of the enablers.” Both deliverables D3.3 and D3.4 complete the prior WP3 deliverables of the first year of the project, namely, D3.1 “5G-PPP security enablers technical roadmap (early vision)” and D3.2 “5G-PPP security enablers open specifications (v1.0)”