Day-ahead P2P energy sharing strategy among energy hubs considering flexibility of energy storage and loads

Multi-energy systems are one of the key technologies to tackle energy crisis and environmental pollution. An energy hub (EH) is a minimum multi-energy system. Interconnection of multiple EHs through energy routers (ERs) can realize mutual energy assistance. This paper proposes a peer-to-peer (P2P) energy sharing strategy between EHs including ERs in an interconnected system, which is divided into two levels. In the lower level, a method of determining the charging/discharging constraints of energy storage devices is proposed. Based on the Lyapunov optimization method, virtual queues are used to model the energy storage devices and flexible loads in the system. The objective is to minimize the overall operating cost of the interconnected system. In the upper level, a non-cooperative game model is introduced to minimize the cost of purchasing power from other EHs for each EH. A best response-based method is adapted to find the Nash equilibrium. The simulation outcomes demonstrate that application of the proposed strategy can reduce operating costs of an interconnected system and each EH. On basis of a real-world dataset of interconnected EHs, both analytical and numerical results show the effectiveness of the proposed strategy

Activation of Nrf2 by Sulforaphane Inhibits High Glucose-Induced Progression of Pancreatic Cancer via AMPK Dependent Signaling

Background/Aims: Sulforaphane (SFN) is known for its potent bioactive properties, such as anti-inflammatory and anti-tumor effects. However, its anti-tumor effect on pancreatic cancer is still poorly understood. In the present study, we explored the therapeutic potential of SFN for pancreatic cancer and disclosed the underlying mechanism. Methods: Panc-1 and MiaPaca-2 cell lines were used in vitro. The biological function of SFN in pancreatic cancer was measured using EdU staining, colony formation, apoptosis, migration and invasion assays. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) production was measured using 2’-7’-Dichlorofluorescein diacetate (DCF-DA) fluorometric analysis. Western blotting and immunofluorescence were used to measure the protein levels of p-AMPK and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) pathway-related proteins, and cellular translocation of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2). Nude mice and transgenic pancreatic cancer mouse model were used to measure the therapeutic potential of SFN on pancreatic cancer. Results: SFN can inhibit pancreatic cancer cell growth， promote apoptosis, curb colony formation and temper the migratory and invasion ability of pancreatic cancer cells. Mechanistically, excessive ROS production induced by SFN activated AMPK signaling and promoted the translocation of Nrf2, resulting in cell viability inhibition of pancreatic cancer. Pretreatment with compound C, a small molecular inhibitor of AMPK signaling, reversed the subcellular translocation of Nrf2 and rescued cell invasion ability. With nude mice and pancreatic cancer transgenic mouse, we identified SFN could inhibit tumor progression, with smaller tumor size and slower tumor progression in SFN treatment group. Conclusion: Our study not only elucidates the mechanism of SFN-induced inhibition of pancreatic cancer in both normal and high glucose condition, but also testifies the dual-role of ROS in pancreatic cancer progression. Collectively, our research suggests that SFN may serve as a potential therapeutic choice for pancreatic cancer

High-Frequency Current Ripple Sample Anti-Aliasing Strategy of Digitally Controlled Converter Based on Notch Filter

The digital controller of the grid-connected converter achieves closed-loop control by sampling key voltage and current signals. High-frequency switching of power electronic switches introduces high-frequency ripples into the signals, which may cause sampling aliasing. Severe distortion may happen in the output current of the converter because of the sampling aliasing. This paper explains how the aliasing problem arises by analyzing the spectrum of sampling-controlled signals. The explanation shows the severity of the aliasing problem and the necessity of adopting anti-aliasing methods. Next, this paper analyzes the impact of commonly used anti-aliasing low-pass filters on current control stability. From the conclusions, adopting a low-pass anti-aliasing filter reduces the stability margin of the current loop, which needs improvement. So this paper proposes a novel hybrid anti-aliasing filter based on the combination of the notch and low pass analog filters. An experiment on a 6kVA prototype verifies the proposed anti-aliasing method. This paper shows distortion and step-response oscillation of the output current when proposed and traditional anti-aliasing methods adopted. The comparison shows the advantages of the proposed anti-aliasing method

Archive-Based Multiobjective Evolutionary Algorithm for Large-Scale EV Charging Station Energy Management

With the increase in renewable energy, improving the utilization rate of renewable energy is of great practical significance. The microgrid has been proved effective in addressing this issue. As a flexible load, electric vehicles are connected to the grid on a large scale, which will have an impact on the grid. In order to solve this problem, this paper proposes a microgrid energy management model for electric vehicle charging stations, which takes into account the economics of microgrid operation and the stability of grid operation. Subsequently, this paper proposes an evolutionary multiobjective optimization algorithm to deal with constraints. Finally, this paper verifies the effectiveness of the proposed model and algorithm through experiments

Energy Storage Configuration Optimization Strategy for Islanded Microgrid Interconnection Based on Energy Consumption Characteristics

As a result of distributed energy development, the demand for energy storage grows more rapidly. The optimization of energy storage allocation is urgently needed. The economic benefits and characteristics of storage allocation have been thoroughly explored, and a mathematical model of economy was established. The centralized configuration of energy storage can make the best use of surplus electricity and reduce charging loss. The peak cutting and valley filling effect is quite obvious. Furthermore, some allocation strategies of storage were proposed. Based on the data of a user-side transformer and photovoltaic power generation, the cost under different strategies and the configuration scheme with the lowest cost is calculated. The example was used to analyze and compare the benefits under various strategies, and the results show it works in cost-saving. The strategy of similarity storage allocation has a positive effect on energy and cost-saving

Table_1_Effects of different rotation cropping systems on potato yield, rhizosphere microbial community and soil biochemical properties.docx

Continuous potato cropping systems cause yield reduction, soil-borne disease aggravation, and soil degradation, but crop rotation can alleviate these negative effects. However, there are limited studies on the relationships between microbial community and other soil biochemical properties of continuous potato cropping at both pre-planting and harvest in North China. A 4-year study was conducted to explore the effects of different rotation system on soil biochemical properties, microbial community at pre-planting and harvest, and potato yield, tuber number and black scurf incidence at harvest in 2020 and 2021, which included 4 treatments vis. potato-potato-potato-potato (PC), potato-oat-faba bean-potato (PR), oat-faba bean-potato-oat (O), and faba bean-potato-oat-faba bean (B). The results showed that soil biochemical properties and microbial community among all treatments showed no significant difference at pre-planting after a long cold winter generally. At harvest, PC reduced tuber yield and number and significantly increased black scurf incidence relative to potato rotation systems. PC also reduced soil enzyme activities, the content of soil nutrients, and fungal community diversity, and increased bacterial community diversity compared with the other treatments, insignificantly when compared with PR. Relative abundance of microorganisms related to the degradation of organic residues, soil nitrogen cycling, and disease suppression, such as the genera Devosia, Aeromicrobium, Paraphoma, and Papiliotrema, were significantly higher in O or B than in PC and PR, while microorganisms related to disease infection such as the genera Pseudomonas, Colletotrichum, Plectosphaerella, Fusarium, and Verticillium exhibited increased in PC and PR. Principal Coordinates Analysis (PCoA) showed that there were significant differences in the microbial community structure of PC and PR at harvest compared with that of O and B. Redundancy analysis (RDA) revealed that soil available potassium (AK), acid phosphatase (ACP), available phosphorus (AP), sucrase (SUC) and pH were the dominant factors that significantly affected bacterial and fungal community structure. Partial least squares structural equation model indicated rotation system had significant negative effect on fungal community. It was concluded that growing oat or faba bean after potato can increase soil beneficial microorganisms and maintain the ecosystem healthy, thus reducing the incidence of tuber black scurf and increasing potato yield.</p

Image_2_Effects of different rotation cropping systems on potato yield, rhizosphere microbial community and soil biochemical properties.tif

Continuous potato cropping systems cause yield reduction, soil-borne disease aggravation, and soil degradation, but crop rotation can alleviate these negative effects. However, there are limited studies on the relationships between microbial community and other soil biochemical properties of continuous potato cropping at both pre-planting and harvest in North China. A 4-year study was conducted to explore the effects of different rotation system on soil biochemical properties, microbial community at pre-planting and harvest, and potato yield, tuber number and black scurf incidence at harvest in 2020 and 2021, which included 4 treatments vis. potato-potato-potato-potato (PC), potato-oat-faba bean-potato (PR), oat-faba bean-potato-oat (O), and faba bean-potato-oat-faba bean (B). The results showed that soil biochemical properties and microbial community among all treatments showed no significant difference at pre-planting after a long cold winter generally. At harvest, PC reduced tuber yield and number and significantly increased black scurf incidence relative to potato rotation systems. PC also reduced soil enzyme activities, the content of soil nutrients, and fungal community diversity, and increased bacterial community diversity compared with the other treatments, insignificantly when compared with PR. Relative abundance of microorganisms related to the degradation of organic residues, soil nitrogen cycling, and disease suppression, such as the genera Devosia, Aeromicrobium, Paraphoma, and Papiliotrema, were significantly higher in O or B than in PC and PR, while microorganisms related to disease infection such as the genera Pseudomonas, Colletotrichum, Plectosphaerella, Fusarium, and Verticillium exhibited increased in PC and PR. Principal Coordinates Analysis (PCoA) showed that there were significant differences in the microbial community structure of PC and PR at harvest compared with that of O and B. Redundancy analysis (RDA) revealed that soil available potassium (AK), acid phosphatase (ACP), available phosphorus (AP), sucrase (SUC) and pH were the dominant factors that significantly affected bacterial and fungal community structure. Partial least squares structural equation model indicated rotation system had significant negative effect on fungal community. It was concluded that growing oat or faba bean after potato can increase soil beneficial microorganisms and maintain the ecosystem healthy, thus reducing the incidence of tuber black scurf and increasing potato yield.</p

Curcumin Suppresses Hepatic Stellate Cell-Induced Hepatocarcinoma Angiogenesis and Invasion through Downregulating CTGF

Microenvironment plays a vital role in tumor progression; we focused on elucidating the role of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) in hepatocarcinoma (HCC) aggressiveness and investigated the potential protective effect of curcumin on HSC-driven hepatocarcinoma angiogenesis and invasion. Our data suggest that HSCs increase HCC reactive oxygen species (ROS) production to upregulate hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) expression to promote angiogenesis, epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) process and invasion. And HSCs could secrete soluble factors, such as interleukin-6 (IL-6), vascular endothelial cell growth factor (VEGF), and stromal-derived factor-1 (SDF-1) to facilitate HCC progression. Curcumin could significantly suppress the above HSC-induced effects in HCC and could abrogate ROS and HIF-1α expression in HCC. HIF-1α or connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) knockdown could abolish the aforementioned curcumin affection. Moreover, CTGF is a downstream gene of HIF-1α. In addition, nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and glutathione (GSH) are involved in curcumin protection of HCC. These data indicate that curcumin may induce ROS scavenging by upregulating Nrf2 and GSH, thus inhibiting HIF-1α stabilization to suppress CTGF expression to exhibit its protection on HCC. Curcumin has a promising therapeutic effect on HCC. CTGF is responsible for curcumin-induced protection in HCC