Map of China indicating the 175 sampling sites in 15 provinces.

<p>Map of China indicating the 175 sampling sites in 15 provinces.</p

Multilocus linkage disequilibrium (LD) and percentage of NIV producers in POP2 genotype of <i>F. asiaticum</i> in five regions.

a<p>Genotypic diversity (<i>GD</i>).</p>b<p>Gene diversity (<i>H</i>).</p>c<p>Measure of multilocus LD.</p><p>*indicates significant at <i>P</i><0.01.</p

Pairwise comparisons of effective number of migrants (<i>N</i>m), above diagonal, and genetic differentiation (<i>F</i>st), below diagonal, among 3 populations.

<p>*indicates significant at <i>P</i><0.001.</p

Pairwise comparison of the four populations in phenotypic differences.

a<p>“n” indicated no significant differences found between the two populations.</p>b<p>“+” indicated the population above significantly higher than the population below at <i>P</i><0.05.</p>c<p>“−” indicated the population above significantly lower than the population below at <i>P</i><0.05.</p

Distribution of <i>Fusarium</i> isolates in 15 provinces in China.

<p>Distribution of <i>Fusarium</i> isolates in 15 provinces in China.</p

The proportion of wheat, rice and maize planting area and the distribution of <i>F. graminearum</i> s. str. and <i>F. asiaticum</i> in 13 provinces of four regions.

<p>The proportion of wheat, rice and maize planting area and the distribution of <i>F. graminearum</i> s. str. and <i>F. asiaticum</i> in 13 provinces of four regions.</p

Trichothecene type compositions of <i>F. graminearum</i> s. str. and <i>F. asiaticum</i> in China.

a<p>Trichothecene type was determined by MLGT assay (Ward <i>et al.</i> 2008).</p

Population mean and standard error estimates for incidence of infected spikelets^a, biomass, growth, conidia, resistance to MBC and trichothecene accumulation (ppm).

a<p>IIS is the incidence of infected spikelets. For statistical analysis, IIS data were arcsine transformed and the values presented are back-transformed means.</p>b<p>Values within a row followed by different letters are significantly different at <i>P</i><0.05.</p>c<p>ND indicated not detected.</p

Effects of Shading Treatment on Grain Production and Weights in CN12 and CN19.

<p>Effects of Shading Treatment on Grain Production and Weights in CN12 and CN19.</p

Changes in Chlorophyll Content Between CN12 and CN19 Under Shading.

<p>(A), Chlorophyll a (<i>Chl a</i>) content; (B), chlorophyll b (<i>Chl b</i>) content; (C), total chlorophyll content; and (D), <i>Chl a</i>/<i>b</i>. Bars represent the mean ± (SE). Asterisks represent statistically significant differences, as follows: **P≤0.01 and *P≤0.05. Letters represent the probability of multiple comparisons of the means of different genotypes and treatments at each time point, as follows: capital letter, P≤0.01; lowercase letter, P≤0.05. An asterisk in the trend line represents the difference between two adjacent time points for the same genotype and treatment.</p