192 research outputs found
EFMVFL: An Efficient and Flexible Multi-party Vertical Federated Learning without a Third Party
Federated learning allows multiple participants to conduct joint modeling
without disclosing their local data. Vertical federated learning (VFL) handles
the situation where participants share the same ID space and different feature
spaces. In most VFL frameworks, to protect the security and privacy of the
participants' local data, a third party is needed to generate homomorphic
encryption key pairs and perform decryption operations. In this way, the third
party is granted the right to decrypt information related to model parameters.
However, it isn't easy to find such a credible entity in the real world.
Existing methods for solving this problem are either communication-intensive or
unsuitable for multi-party scenarios. By combining secret sharing and
homomorphic encryption, we propose a novel VFL framework without a third party
called EFMVFL, which supports flexible expansion to multiple participants with
low communication overhead and is applicable to generalized linear models. We
give instantiations of our framework under logistic regression and Poisson
regression. Theoretical analysis and experiments show that our framework is
secure, more efficient, and easy to be extended to multiple participants.Comment: 9pages,2 figure
Inference-based statistical network analysis uncovers star-like brain functional architectures for internalizing psychopathology in children
To improve the statistical power for imaging biomarker detection, we propose
a latent variable-based statistical network analysis (LatentSNA) that combines
brain functional connectivity with internalizing psychopathology, implementing
network science in a generative statistical process to preserve the
neurologically meaningful network topology in the adolescents and children
population. The developed inference-focused generative Bayesian framework (1)
addresses the lack of power and inflated Type II errors in current analytic
approaches when detecting imaging biomarkers, (2) allows unbiased estimation of
biomarkers' influence on behavior variants, (3) quantifies the uncertainty and
evaluates the likelihood of the estimated biomarker effects against chance and
(4) ultimately improves brain-behavior prediction in novel samples and the
clinical utilities of neuroimaging findings. We collectively model multi-state
functional networks with multivariate internalizing profiles for 5,000 to 7,000
children in the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study with
sufficiently accurate prediction of both children internalizing traits and
functional connectivity, and substantially improved our ability to explain the
individual internalizing differences compared with current approaches. We
successfully uncover large, coherent star-like brain functional architectures
associated with children's internalizing psychopathology across multiple
functional systems and establish them as unique fingerprints for childhood
internalization
Small-molecule activation of lysosomal TRP channels ameliorates Duchenne muscular dystrophy in mouse models
Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a devastating disease caused by mutations in dystrophin that compromise sarcolemma integrity. Currently, there is no treatment for DMD. Mutations in transient receptor potential mucolipin 1 (ML1), a lysosomal Ca2+ channel required for lysosomal exocytosis, produce a DMD-like phenotype. Here, we show that transgenic overexpression or pharmacological activation of ML1 in vivo facilitates sarcolemma repair and alleviates the dystrophic phenotypes in both skeletal and cardiac muscles of mdx mice (a mouse model of DMD). Hallmark dystrophic features of DMD, including myofiber necrosis, central nucleation, fibrosis, elevated serum creatine kinase levels, reduced muscle force, impaired motor ability, and dilated cardiomyopathies, were all ameliorated by increasing ML1 activity. ML1-dependent activation of transcription factor EB (TFEB) corrects lysosomal insufficiency to diminish muscle damage. Hence, targeting lysosomal Ca2+ channels may represent a promising approach to treat DMD and related muscle diseases
Poly[diaquabis(μ4-fumarato-κ4 O 1:O 1′:O 4:O 4′)(μ4-fumarato-κ6 O 1:O 1,O 1′:O 4:O 4,O 4′)(μ2-fumaric acid-κ2 O 1:O 4)dipraseodymium(III)]
The title complex, [Pr2(C4H2O4)3(C4H4O4)(H2O)2]n, was synthesized by reaction of praseodymium(III) nitrate hexahydrate with fumaric acid in a water–ethanol (4:1) solution. The asymmetric unit comprises a Pr3+ cation, one and a half fumarate dianions (L
2−), one half-molecule of fumaric acid (H2L) and one coordinated water molecule. The carboxylate groups of the fumarate dianion and fumaric acid exhibit different coordination modes. In one fumarate dianion, two carboxylate groups are chelating with two Pr3+ cations, and the other two O atoms each coordinate a Pr3+ cation. Each O atom of the second fumarate dianion binds to a different Pr3+ cation. The fumaric acid employs one O atom at each end to bridge two Pr3+ cations. The Pr3+ cation is coordinated in a distorted tricapped trigonal–prismatic environment by eight O atoms of fumarate dianion or fumaric acid ligands and one water O atom. The PrO9 coordination polyhedra are edge-shared through one carboxylate O atom and two carboxylate groups, generating infinite praseodymium–oxygen chains, which are further connected by the ligands into a three-dimensional framework. The crystal structure is stabilized by O—H⋯O hydrogen-bond interactions between the coordinated water molecule and the carboxylate O atoms
2-(3,3,4,4-Tetrafluoropyrrolidin-1-yl)aniline
In the title fluorinated pyrrolidine derivative, C10H10F4N2, the dihedral angle between the best planes of the benzene and pyrrolidine rings is 62.6 (1)°. The crystal packing features intermolecular N—H⋯F hydrogen bonds
PCR-Based Seamless Genome Editing with High Efficiency and Fidelity in <i>Escherichia coli</i>
Efficiency and fidelity are the key obstacles for genome editing toolboxes. In the present study, a PCR-based tandem repeat assisted genome editing (TRAGE) method with high efficiency and fidelity was developed. The design of TRAGE is based on the mechanism of repair of spontaneous double-strand breakage (DSB) via replication fork reactivation. First, cat-sacB cassette flanked by tandem repeat sequence was integrated into target site in chromosome assisted by Red enzymes. Then, for the excision of the cat-sacB cassette, only subculturing is needed. The developed method was successfully applied for seamlessly deleting, substituting and inserting targeted genes using PCR products. The effects of different manipulations including sucrose addition time, subculture times in LB with sucrose and stages of inoculation on the efficiency were investigated. With our recommended procedure, seamless excision of cat-sacB cassette can be realized in 48 h efficiently. We believe that the developed method has great potential for seamless genome editing in E. coli
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