On the dynamics of a class of nonclassical parabolic equations

AbstractWe consider the first initial and boundary value problem of nonclassical parabolic equations ut−μΔut−Δu+g(u)=f(x) on a bounded domain Ω, where μ∈[0,1]. First, we establish some uniform decay estimates for the solutions of the problem which are independent of the parameter μ. Then we prove the continuity of solutions as μ→0. Finally we show that the problem has a unique global attractor Aμ in V2=H2(Ω)∩H01(Ω) in the topology of H2(Ω); moreover, Aμ→A0 in the sense of Hausdorff semidistance in H01(Ω) as μ goes to 0

The impact of the Internet on household consumption expenditure: an empirical study based on China Family Panel Studies data

This article empirically analyzes the impact of Internet usage on household consumption expenditure based on the China Family Panel Studies (CFPS) data for three periods 2014, 2016, and 2018. The results show that Internet use significantly increases household consumption. This boost persists after adding a series of control variables, accounting for differences in time and region, or changing the measurement of the main explanatory variables. After introducing instrumental variables to overcome potential endogeneity problems and further including the Internet use of the financial decision maker’s spouse for a series of robustness tests, the findings remain robust. The positive boost is even more significant. Finally, heterogeneity analysis is conducted for different consumption types, urban and rural areas, gender of financial decision-makers, and use of other Internet tools

Damage and Control of Soybean Aphid

The soybean aphid, Aphis glycines, is one of the major insect pests of seedling soybean. This aphid has become a serious problem in soybean production due to heavy infestation in recent years and lack of favorable varieties resistant to soybean aphids. To understand the damage by soybean aphids and evaluation of control effect, in 1989-1990, we investigated the population dynamics of soybean aphid in the fields and its effect on soybean growth, development and yield.Originating text in Chinese.Citation: Wang, Suyun, Sun, Yajie, Chen, Ruilu, Zhai, Baoping, Bao, Xiangzhi. (1994). Damage and Control of Soybean Aphid. Technology and Promotion of Plant Protection, 2, 5-6

Prediction of Aphid Infestation by Numbers of Overwintering Soybean Aphid Eggs

Aphis glycines Matsumura is a rampant insect pest on cultivated soybeans in Jilin Province. Prediction of its occurrence and infesting tendency is an important basis for effective control. Issues related with the application of overwintering egg numbers to predict the occurrence of soybean aphid were studied in this paper. The ratio of winter host numbers to summer host numbers and overwintering egg quantity in different areas of Jilin Province were compared. Based on data about overwintering egg quantities in winter hosts, Rhamnus davaricus, aphid numbers in early and pre-peak infestation stage from 1961 to 1981 in Gongzhuling district and aphid infestation level in Siping district, the relationship between overwintering egg quantity, and aphid number were analyzed. A prediction equation for forecasting aphid quantity and aphid infestation level by the overwintering egg quantity in Gongzhuling district was proposed.Originating text in Chinese.Citation: Cheng, Ruilu, Wang, Suyun, Bao, Xiangzhi, Xu, Enpei, Xie, Weimin. (1984). Prediction of Aphid Infestation by Numbers of Overwintering Soybean Aphid Eggs. Journal of Jilin Agricultural Sciences, 34(1), 56-61

Effects of Soybean Aphid, Aphis glycines on Soybean Growth and Yield

Population dynamics of the soybean aphid, Aphis glycines and its effects on soybean growth and yield were surveyed in 1989-1990. Experiments were conducted in the naturally infested plots and in the treated plots using 10% enhanced Dimethoate. In 1989, soybean aphids in the untreated plots developed earlier and increased rapidly. Aphid density per 100 plants on June 15th was over 10,000, and the rapid development period was over 40 d. But aphids in 1990 developed slightly later with a shorter development period. Soybeans in the untreated plots significantly displayed the symptoms of distorted leaves, shorter stems and stunted plants. Plants in the treated plots were higher (20.2 cm in 1989) than those in the untreated plots. Soybean aphids significantly affected soybean yields. Yields in the untreated plots reduced 27.8% compared to that in the treated plots in 1989.Originating text in Chinese.Citation: Wang, Suyun, Bao, Xiangzhi, Sun, Yajie, Chen, Ruilu, Zhai, Baoping, Bao, Xiangzhi. (1996). Effects of Soybean Aphid, Aphis glycines on Soybean Growth and Yield. Soybean Science, 15(3), 243-247

Copy number variants in locally raised Chinese chicken genomes determined using array comparative genomic hybridization

BACKGROUND: Copy number variants contribute to genetic variation in birds. Analyses of copy number variants in chicken breeds had focused primarily on those from commercial varieties with nothing known about the occurrence and diversity of copy number variants in locally raised Chinese chicken breeds. To address this deficiency, we characterized copy number variants in 11 chicken breeds and compared the variation among these breeds. RESULTS: We presented a detailed analysis of the copy number variants in locally raised Chinese chicken breeds identified using a customized comparative genomic hybridization array. We identified 833 copy number variants contained within 308 copy number variant regions. The median and mean sizes of the copy number variant regions were 14.6 kb and 35.1 kb, respectively. Of the copy number variant regions, 138 (45%) involved gain of DNA, 159 (52%) involved loss of DNA, and 11 (3%) involved both gain and loss of DNA. Principal component analysis and agglomerative hierarchical clustering revealed the close relatedness of the four locally raised chicken breeds, Shek-Ki, Langshan, Qingyuan partridge, and Wenchang. Biological process enrichment analysis of the copy number variant regions confirmed the greater variation among the four aforementioned varieties than among the seven other breeds studied. CONCLUSION: Our description of the distribution of the copy number variants and comparison of the differences among the copy number variant regions of the 11 chicken breeds supplemented the information available concerning the copy number variants of other Chinese chicken breeds. In addition to its relevance for functional analysis, our results provided the first insight into how chicken breeds can be clustered on the basis of their genomic copy number variation

Effect of sequential treatment with syndrome differentiation on acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and "AECOPD Risk-Window": study protocol for a randomized placebo-controlled trial

BACKGROUND: Frequent chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) exacerbation is a major cause of hospital admission and mortality. It has been reported that Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) may relieve COPD symptoms and reduce the incidence of COPD exacerbations, thus improving life quality of COPD patients. The acute exacerbation of COPD risk-window (AECOPD-RW) is the period after an exacerbation and before the patient returns to baseline. In the AECOPD-RW, patients are usually at increased risk of a second exacerbation, which may lead to hospital admission and high mortality. It may be beneficial for acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD) patients to receive interventions during AECOPD-RW. During exacerbations the treatment principle is to eliminate exogenous pathogens, whereas the AECOPD-RW treatment principle focuses on enhancing body resistance. METHODS/DESIGN: A prospective, multi-center, single-blinded, double-dummy and randomized controlled clinical trial is being conducted to test the therapeutic effects of a sequential two stage treatment, which includes eliminating pathogen and strengthening vital qi with syndrome differentiation. A total of 364 patients will be enrolled in this study with 182 in each treatment group (TCM and control). Patients received medication (or control) according to their assigned group. TCM for AECOPD were administered twice daily to patients with AECOPD over 7 to 21 days, followed by TCM for AECOPD-RW over 28 days. All patients were followed for six months. The clinical symptoms, the modified medical research council dyspnea (MMRC) scale and exacerbations were used as the primary outcome measures. Pulmonary function, quality of life and mortality rate were used as secondary outcome measures. DISCUSSION: It is hypothesized that sequentially eliminating pathogens and strengthening vital qi treatments with syndrome differentiation will have beneficial effects on reducing the frequency and duration of acute exacerbation, relieving symptoms and improving quality of life for COPD patients. TRIAL REGISTRATION: This study is registered at ClinicalTrials.gov, ChiCTR-TRC-11001460

Case report: Clinical management of recurrent small cell lung cancer transformation complicated with lung cancer-induced acute pancreatitis after lung adenocarcinoma surgery

In the diagnosis and treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), the histological type may change from lung adenocarcinoma to lung squamous cell cancer or small cell lung cancer (SCLC). Pancreatic metastasis is extremely rare in advanced lung cancer, and pancreatitis characterized by lung cancer metastasis-induced acute pancreatitis (MIAP) is more rare. This paper reports in detail the clinical diagnosis and treatment of a female patient with lung adenocarcinoma who relapsed after radical surgery and progressed after multiple treatments. A second pathological biopsy revealed SCLC transformation, and the patient developed pancreatic metastasis and lung cancer MIAP during follow-up treatment. This paper mainly suggests that clinicians should pay attention to the possibility of pathological type transformation in the progression of advanced NSCLC, closely observe the dynamic changes of tumor markers and pay attention to the re-biopsy pathological analysis. In addition, it provides clinical experience and scientific reference for the discovery, diagnosis and treatment of transforming SCLC and lung cancer MIAP

Identification of Metabolites and Metabolic Pathways Related to Treatment with Bufei Yishen Formula in a Rat COPD Model Using HPLC Q-TOF/MS

As a traditional Chinese medicine, Bufei Yishen Formula (BYF) is widely used in China as an effective treatment for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Because of the component complexity and multiple activities of Chinese herbs, the mechanism whereby BYF affects COPD is not yet fully understood. Herein, pulmonary function experiments and histomorphological assessments were used to evaluate the curative effect of BYF, which showed that BYF had an effect on COPD. Additionally, a high performance liquid chromatography quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (HPLC QTOF/MS) metabonomics method was used to analyze the mechanism of the actions of BYF on rats with COPD induced by a combination of bacteria and smoking. Partial least squares discriminate analysis (PLS-DA) was used to screen biomarkers related to BYF treatment. Candidate biomarkers were selected and pathways analysis of these metabolites showed that three types of metabolic pathways (unsaturated fatty acid metabolism-related pathways, phenylalanine metabolism-related pathways, and phospholipid metabolism-related pathways) were associated with BYF treatment. Importantly, arachidonic acid and related metabolic pathways might be useful targets for novel COPD therapies