80 research outputs found
DSFNet: Convolutional Encoder-Decoder Architecture Combined Dual-GCN and Stand-alone Self-attention by Fast Normalized Fusion for Polyps Segmentation
In the past few decades, deep learning technology has been widely used in
medical image segmentation and has made significant breakthroughs in the fields
of liver and liver tumor segmentation, brain and brain tumor segmentation,
video disc segmentation, heart image segmentation, and so on. However, the
segmentation of polyps is still a challenging task since the surface of the
polyps is flat and the color is very similar to that of surrounding tissues.
Thus, It leads to the problems of the unclear boundary between polyps and
surrounding mucosa, local overexposure, and bright spot reflection. To counter
this problem, this paper presents a novel U-shaped network, namely DSFNet,
which effectively combines the advantages of Dual-GCN and self-attention
mechanisms. First, we introduce a feature enhancement block module based on
Dual-GCN module as an attention mechanism to enhance the feature extraction of
local spatial and structural information with fine granularity. Second, the
stand-alone self-attention module is designed to enhance the integration
ability of the decoding stage model to global information. Finally, the Fast
Normalized Fusion method with trainable weights is used to efficiently fuse the
corresponding three feature graphs in encoding, bottleneck, and decoding
blocks, thus promoting information transmission and reducing the semantic gap
between encoder and decoder. Our model is tested on two public datasets
including Endoscene and Kvasir-SEG and compared with other state-of-the-art
models. Experimental results show that the proposed model surpasses other
competitors in many indicators, such as Dice, MAE, and IoU. In the meantime,
ablation studies are also conducted to verify the efficacy and effectiveness of
each module. Qualitative and quantitative analysis indicates that the proposed
model has great clinical significance.Comment: 10 pages, 6 figures, 3 table
General Debiasing for Multimodal Sentiment Analysis
Existing work on Multimodal Sentiment Analysis (MSA) utilizes multimodal
information for prediction yet unavoidably suffers from fitting the spurious
correlations between multimodal features and sentiment labels. For example, if
most videos with a blue background have positive labels in a dataset, the model
will rely on such correlations for prediction, while ``blue background'' is not
a sentiment-related feature. To address this problem, we define a general
debiasing MSA task, which aims to enhance the Out-Of-Distribution (OOD)
generalization ability of MSA models by reducing their reliance on spurious
correlations. To this end, we propose a general debiasing framework based on
Inverse Probability Weighting (IPW), which adaptively assigns small weights to
the samples with larger bias i.e., the severer spurious correlations). The key
to this debiasing framework is to estimate the bias of each sample, which is
achieved by two steps: 1) disentangling the robust features and biased features
in each modality, and 2) utilizing the biased features to estimate the bias.
Finally, we employ IPW to reduce the effects of large-biased samples,
facilitating robust feature learning for sentiment prediction. To examine the
model's generalization ability, we keep the original testing sets on two
benchmarks and additionally construct multiple unimodal and multimodal OOD
testing sets. The empirical results demonstrate the superior generalization
ability of our proposed framework. We have released the code and data to
facilitate the reproduction
Effect of Protamex Hydrolysis on Foaming Properties and Structural Properties of Corn Glutelin
The effects of different durations of hydrolysis with Protemex on the foaming properties, surface tension, physicochemical properties and static rheological properties of corn glutelin were determined. The results showed that the solubility and foaming properties of corn glutelin were significantly improved by Protamex hydrolysis. The foaming capacity of the 120 min hydrolysate was highest, which was 2.8 times higher than that of corn glutelin, and its foam stability was also good. The hydrolysate had the lowest surface tension and the highest apparent viscosity. The microscopic morphology of the foam formed was fine and uniform, with a thick protein film. With the prolongation of hydrolysis time, the average particle size of corn glutelin hydrolysates decreased continuously, the endogenous fluorescence intensity and surface hydrophobicity increased gradually, while the surface net charge decreased first and then increased. The results of Raman spectroscopy showed that after appropriate hydrolysis, the α-helix content decreased, and the random coil and β-angle contents increased; the peak intensity ratio of tyrosine residues (I850/I830) increased, and the peak intensity of tryptophan residues (I760) decreased. Nevertheless, the β-folding content changed little. Long-time hydrolysis significantly increased the content of random coil and decreased the peak intensity ratio of tyrosine residues (I850/I830). Therefore, restricted hydrolysis can change the structure and interface properties of corn glutelin, improve its foam properties, and consequently increase the potential utilization rate of corn gluten meal in the food field
A nonlinear triboelectric nanogenerator with a broadened bandwidth for effective harvesting of vibration energy
A narrow resonance bandwidth of an energy harvesters limits its response to the wide frequency spectrum in ambient environments. This work proposes an addition of a nonlinear restoring force applied to a triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) to tune and broaden the resonance bandwidth. This restoring force is applied by permanent magnets at both sides of the slider and two external magnets. The noncontact strategy is adopted between the slider and the grating electrodes to avoid the wear of electrodes and energy loss caused by friction. The results show that compared with the linear system, the nonlinear noncontact TENG (NN-TENG) can increase the peak current from 6.3 μA to 7.89 μA, with an increment of about 25%, increase the peak power from 650 μW to 977 μW, increasing by about 50%, and increase the bandwidth from 0.5 Hz to 7.75 Hz, increasing by about1400%. This work may enable a new strategy to boost the bandwidth and output power of TENG through nonlinear oscillators
Compliant and stretchable thermoelectric coils for energy harvesting in miniature flexible devices
With accelerating trends in miniaturization of semiconductor devices, techniques for energy harvesting become increasingly important, especially in wearable technologies and sensors for the internet of things. Although thermoelectric systems have many attractive attributes in this context, maintaining large temperature differences across the device terminals and achieving low–thermal impedance interfaces to the surrounding environment become increasingly difficult to achieve as the characteristic dimensions decrease. Here, we propose and demonstrate an architectural solution to this problem, where thin-film active materials integrate into compliant, open three-dimensional (3D) forms. This approach not only enables efficient thermal impedance matching but also multiplies the heat flow through the harvester, thereby increasing the efficiencies for power conversion. Interconnected arrays of 3D thermoelectric coils built using microscale ribbons of monocrystalline silicon as the active material demonstrate these concepts. Quantitative measurements and simulations establish the basic operating principles and the key design features. The results suggest a scalable strategy for deploying hard thermoelectric thin-film materials in harvesters that can integrate effectively with soft materials systems, including those of the human body
Disturbance observer based finite-time attitude control for rigid spacecraft under input saturation
A method to estimate the transient fluid pressure of a piezoelectric inkjet printer using system dynamic analysis
Large-Scale Measurement Layout Optimization Method Based on Laser Multilateration
Laser multilateration is a measurement method based on the distance intersection of multiple laser trackers which has been widely used in large-scale measurements. However, the layout of laser trackers has a great impact on the final measurement accuracy. In order to improve the overall measurement accuracy, firstly, a measurement uncertainty model based on laser multilateration is established. Secondly, a fast laser intersection detection constraint algorithm based on a k-DOPS bounding box and an adaptive target ball incident angle constraint detection algorithm are established for large-scale measurement scenes. Finally, the constrained layout optimization of the laser trackers is realized by using an improved cellular genetic algorithm. The results show that the optimized system layout can achieve the full coverage of measurement points and has higher measurement accuracy. Compared with the traditional genetic algorithm, the improved cellular genetic algorithm converges faster and obtains a better position layout
Large-Scale Measurement Layout Optimization Method Based on Laser Multilateration
Laser multilateration is a measurement method based on the distance intersection of multiple laser trackers which has been widely used in large-scale measurements. However, the layout of laser trackers has a great impact on the final measurement accuracy. In order to improve the overall measurement accuracy, firstly, a measurement uncertainty model based on laser multilateration is established. Secondly, a fast laser intersection detection constraint algorithm based on a k-DOPS bounding box and an adaptive target ball incident angle constraint detection algorithm are established for large-scale measurement scenes. Finally, the constrained layout optimization of the laser trackers is realized by using an improved cellular genetic algorithm. The results show that the optimized system layout can achieve the full coverage of measurement points and has higher measurement accuracy. Compared with the traditional genetic algorithm, the improved cellular genetic algorithm converges faster and obtains a better position layout
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