19,024 research outputs found
Nonlinear ER effects in an ac applied field
The electric field used in most electrorheological (ER) experiments is
usually quite high, and nonlinear ER effects have been theoretically predicted
and experimentally measured recently. A direct method of measuring the
nonlinear ER effects is to examine the frequency dependence of the same
effects. For a sinusoidal applied field, we calculate the ac response which
generally includes higher harmonics. In is work, we develop a multiple image
formula, and calculate the total dipole moments of a pair of dielectric
spheres, embedded in a nonlinear host. The higher harmonics due to the
nonlinearity are calculated systematically.Comment: Presented at Conference on Computational Physics (CCP2000), held at
Gold Coast, Australia from 3-8, December 200
Nonlinear ac response of anisotropic composites
When a suspension consisting of dielectric particles having nonlinear
characteristics is subjected to a sinusoidal (ac) field, the electrical
response will in general consist of ac fields at frequencies of the
higher-order harmonics. These ac responses will also be anisotropic. In this
work, a self-consistent formalism has been employed to compute the induced
dipole moment for suspensions in which the suspended particles have nonlinear
characteristics, in an attempt to investigate the anisotropy in the ac
response. The results showed that the harmonics of the induced dipole moment
and the local electric field are both increased as the anisotropy increases for
the longitudinal field case, while the harmonics are decreased as the
anisotropy increases for the transverse field case. These results are
qualitatively understood with the spectral representation. Thus, by measuring
the ac responses both parallel and perpendicular to the uniaxial anisotropic
axis of the field-induced structures, it is possible to perform a real-time
monitoring of the field-induced aggregation process.Comment: 14 pages and 4 eps figure
Effect of employing different grades of recycled polyamide 12 on the surface texture of laser sintered (LS) parts
Laser sintering (LS) is one of the most versatile rapid prototyping (RP) processes currently available. One of the main advantages of employing this technology is that the non-sintered powder can be recycled and reused for further fabrication. Current powder recycling methodologies using a constant refresh rate with a very high portion of new material being added to the existing material reserve in order to maintain part quality and integrity. If the amount of the new powder is insufficient or if the recycled material is too “old” (i.e. has been recycled too many times), then the fabricated parts experience variation in their quality. Typical quality defects include; higher shrinkage rates and rougher than average surface textures often known as “orange peel”. This paper reports on an experimental study to investigate the significance of different deteriorated recycle Polyamide 12 (PA12) powders on the surface quality of products. The main aim of this research is to determine and acceptable ratio quantities of virgin to recycled powder that can be used before adversely affecting product surface texture. In this experiment, the melt flow rate (MFR) is chosen as a criterion to measure the recycled powder quality. The microstructures of external surface and cross sectional parts which employed the different grades of recycled powder quality were examined. The results of experiment suggested that the refresh powder target must be at least 27MFR in order to produce a LS good part surface
Specification and verification of radiation therapy system with respiratory compensation using Uppaal
The goal of radiation therapy is to give as much dose as possible to the target volume of tissue and avoid giving any dose to a healthy tissue. Advances of the digital control allow performing accurate plans and treatments. Unfortunately, motion compensation during the treatment remains a considerable problem. Currently, a combination of the different techniques, such as gating (restricting movement of patient) and periodic emission are used to avoid damaging healthy tissue. This paper focuses on systems that completely compensate respiratory movement (up to certain limit) and start by investigating adequacy of the existing hardware and software platform. In this paper a radiation therapy system consisting of a HexaPOD couch with 6-degrees movement, a tracking camera, a marker (markers) and a controller is modeled. A formal un-timed model was evaluated and found to be insufficient to completely determine adequacy of the system to compensate respiratory motion. Therefore, un-timed model was extended to include time and investigated. It provides more information than un-timed model, but does not answer all interesting question. Therefore, based on the results further research directions are sketched
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