10,646 research outputs found
Photonic currents in driven and dissipative resonator lattices
Arrays of coupled photonic cavities driven by external lasers represent a
highly controllable setup to explore photonic transport. In this paper we
address (quasi)-steady states of this system that exhibit photonic currents
introduced by engineering driving and dissipation. We investigate two
approaches: in the first one, photonic currents arise as a consequence of a
phase difference of applied lasers and in the second one, photons are injected
locally and currents develop as they redistribute over the lattice. Effects of
interactions are taken into account within a mean-field framework. In the first
approach, we find that the current exhibits a resonant behavior with respect to
the driving frequency. Weak interactions shift the resonant frequency toward
higher values, while in the strongly interacting regime in our mean-field
treatment the effect stems from multiphotonic resonances of a single driven
cavity. For the second approach, we show that the overall lattice current can
be controlled by incorporating few cavities with stronger dissipation rates
into the system. These cavities serve as sinks for photonic currents and their
effect is maximal at the onset of quantum Zeno dynamics.Comment: 12 pages, 11 figure
Matrix product states and the quantum max-flow/min-cut conjectures
In this note we discuss the geometry of matrix product states with periodic
boundary conditions and provide three infinite sequences of examples where the
quantum max-flow is strictly less than the quantum min-cut. In the first we fix
the underlying graph to be a 4-cycle and verify a prediction of Hastings that
inequality occurs for infinitely many bond dimensions. In the second we
generalize this result to a 2d-cycle. In the third we show that the 2d-cycle
with periodic boundary conditions gives inequality for all d when all bond
dimensions equal two, namely a gap of at least 2^{d-2} between the quantum
max-flow and the quantum min-cut.Comment: 12 pages, 3 figures - Final version accepted for publication on J.
Math. Phy
Collisional stripping of planetary crusts
Geochemical studies of planetary accretion and evolution have invoked various
degrees of collisional erosion to explain differences in bulk composition
between planets and chondrites. Here we undertake a full, dynamical evaluation
of 'crustal stripping' during accretion and its key geochemical consequences.
We present smoothed particle hydrodynamics simulations of collisions between
differentiated rocky planetesimals and planetary embryos. We find that the
crust is preferentially lost relative to the mantle during impacts, and we have
developed a scaling law that approximates the mass of crust that remains in the
largest remnant. Using this scaling law and a recent set of N-body simulations,
we have estimated the maximum effect of crustal stripping on incompatible
element abundances during the accretion of planetary embryos. We find that on
average one third of the initial crust is stripped from embryos as they
accrete, which leads to a reduction of ~20% in the budgets of the heat
producing elements if the stripped crust does not reaccrete. Erosion of crusts
can lead to non-chondritic ratios of incompatible elements, but the magnitude
of this effect depends sensitively on the details of the crust-forming melting
process. The Lu/Hf system is fractionated for a wide range of crustal formation
scenarios. Using eucrites (the products of planetesimal silicate melting,
thought to represent the crust of Vesta) as a guide to the Lu/Hf of
planetesimal crust partially lost during accretion, we predict the Earth could
evolve to a superchondritic 176-Hf/177-Hf (3-5 parts per ten thousand) at
present day. Such values are in keeping with compositional estimates of the
bulk Earth. Stripping of planetary crusts during accretion can lead to
detectable changes in bulk composition of lithophile elements, but the
fractionation is relatively subtle, and sensitive to the efficiency of
reaccretion.Comment: 15 pages, 9 figures. Accepted for publication in EPSL. Abstract
shortened. Accompanying animations can be found at
http://www.star.bris.ac.uk/pcarter/crust_strip
Rivals’ Reactions to Mergers and Acquisitions
Mergers and acquisitions research has principally focused on attributes of the acquiring firm and post-acquisition outcomes. To extend our knowledge, we focus on external factors, in particular rival responses, and explore when and how rivals respond to their competitor’s acquisitions. Leveraging the awareness–motivation–capability framework, we predict and find evidence that a rival’s dependence on markets in common with the acquirer, resource similarity between rival and acquirer, and a rival’s organizational slack increase the volume and, in some cases, also the complexity of a rival’s competitive actions following an acquisition. Furthermore, the type of acquisition positively moderates some of these relationships. The results extend our understanding of the influence of mergers and acquisitions on competitive dynamics in the marketplace
Time dependent dirac equation with relativistic mean field dynamics applied to heavy ion scattering
We treat the relativistic propagation of nucleons coupled to scalar- and vector-meson fields in a mean-field approximation. The time-dependent Dirac and mean-meson-field equations are solved numerically in three dimensions. Collisions of 16O(300, 600, and 1200 MeV/nucleon) + 16O are studied for various impact parameters. The results are compared to other recent theoretical approaches. The calculations predict spallation, large transverse-momentum transfer, and positive-angle sidewards flow, in qualitative agreement with the data in this energy regime
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