Directed Protein Packaging within Outer Membrane Vesicles from Escherichia coli: Design, Production and Purification

A protocol for the production, purification, and use of enzyme packaged outer membrane vesicles (OMV) providing for enhanced enzyme stability for implementation across diverse applications is presented

Links of perceived economic deprivation to adolescents' well-being six years later

"In dieser Studie werden langanhaltende Effekte wahrgenommener ökonomischer Deprivation auf das Wohlbefinden von Jugendlichen und jungen Erwachsenen über einen Zeitraum von sechs Jahren untersucht. Darüber hinaus wurde geprüft, ob es bei diesen Effekten Unterschiede zwischen Mädchen und Jungen gibt, ob die Effekte auf frühere Belastungen im Wohlbefinden zum Zeitpunkt der ökonomischen Deprivation zurückverfolgt werden können und ob mütterliche Negativität zu einem solchen verringerten Wohlbefinden beiträgt. Die Stichprobe besteht aus 358 Jugendlichen, die 1996 zusammen mit ihren Müttern interviewt und 2002 erneut befragt wurden. Im Jahre 1996 wurde ökonomische Deprivation als wirtschaftlicher Druck auf die Finanzlage des Haushalts (Einschätzung der Mütter) und als von den Jugendlichen wahrgenommene finanzielle Notlage erhoben. Somatische Beschwerden, das Selbstwertgefühl und Niedergeschlagenheit wurden in den Jahren 1996 und 2002 als Indikatoren für das Wohlbefinden verwendet. Im Jahre 1996 gaben die Jugendlichen zudem Auskunft über negative Kommunikationsweisen der Mütter. Die Ergebnisse der multiplen Regressionsanalysen legen nahe, dass es schwache, aber signifikante negative Effekte vorausgegangener ökonomischer Deprivation auf das Wohlbefinden gibt, zusätzlich zu den Effekten des Bildungsniveaus der Eltern und der Familienformen. Diese Effekte waren bei Mädchen stärker ausgeprägt als bei Jungen. Ein eingeschränktes Wohlbefinden im Jahre 1996 trug nicht vollständig zur Erklärung von Langzeiteffekten ökonomischer Deprivation bei. Mütterliche Negativität erwies sich als stärkerer Mediator für die Reaktion von Mädchen auf ökonomischen Stress. Insgesamt legen die Daten nahe, dass ökonomische Deprivation ein signifikanter Risikofaktor mit negativen Langzeitfolgen, insbesondere für Mädchen, ist." (Autorenreferat)"This study investigates long-lasting effects of perceived economic deprivation for adolescents' and young adults' well-being across a six-year time period. Furthermore, it is tested whether such effects differ for boys and girls, whether they can be traced back to earlier strain in wellbeing when deprivation was encountered, and whether maternal negativity mediates such reduced well-being. Data come from 358 adolescents who were interviewed with their mothers in 1996 and followed up until 2002. In 1996, economic deprivation was assessed as economic pressure experienced in the household economy (maternal report) and as adolescent-perceived financial hardship. Somatic complaints, self-esteem, and depressiveness were used as indicators of well-being in 1996 and 2002. Negative maternal communication was reported by adolescents in 1996. Findings from multiple regression analyses suggest weak but significant negative effects of earlier deprivation on later well-being, over and above effects of parental education and family structure. These effects were more pronounced for girls than for boys. Impaired wellbeing in 1996 explained much, but not all of the long-term effects of economic deprivation. Maternal negativity proved to be a stronger mediator for girls' reactions to economic stress. Overall the data suggest that economic deprivation in adolescence is a significant risk factor with long-term negative consequences particularly for girls." (author's abstract

Developing a Biosensor for the Detection of Bacteria: A Comparison of Methods for Isolating Bacteria-Specific Antibodies

The antigen-antibody interaction is known to be a high affinity and highly specific interaction that can readily be used for the detection and identification of biological and chemical agents. These studies were conducted to develop an efficient and cost-effective method of obtaining bacteria-specific antibody molecules for integration into a fielddeployable biosensor. Antigen-binding molecules were obtained both as full-length IgG molecules from a hybridoma cell line and as recombinant single-chain Fv (scFv) antibodies isolated from naïve and immunize libraries. Monoclonal and recombinant antibody systems were compared on the effectiveness of producing new, target-specific molecules; the efficiency of production and purification of these molecules; and the success/failure of integrating the molecules into the QCM biosensor for bacterial detection. Although selection of individual hybridoma cell lines was not conducted, monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) were obtained from an established cell line maintained in a hollow-fiber bioreactor. Recombinant antibodies, scFvs, capable of binding bacterial targets were isolated from libraries using a high-throughput phage display method of selection. Protocols were established for the purification of monoclonal antibodies from the bioreactor serum and scFvs from bacterial cell cultures to assess the efficiency of readily obtaining antibodies for integration into the biosensor. Finally, methods of immobilizing antibodies and scFvs to the gold electrode of a standard QCM crystal were explored to determine suitable procedures for consistent detection of target bacteria in aqueous samples to the lowest limit of detection

Einführung in das Schwerpunktthemenheft 'Eltern, Kind, Schule - ein kompliziertes Verhältnis?'

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Uma Bibliometria Sobre o Jovem Jogador de Rugby em Idade Escolar

TCC (graduação) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Desportos, Educação Física Licenciatura.Este artigo tem como objetivo mapear o que existe na literatura cientifica com relação ao jovem jogador de Rugby em idade escolar. Foi conduzida uma busca eletrônica na base dados Web of Science no dia 1 de novembro de 2022. O processo de busca pelos artigos se deu a partir das palavras chaves: Rugby, Youth, Adolescent, Young e Child. A seleção final incluiu 281 artigos que passaram por análise bibliométrica para extração dos dados. A partir dos resultados e de análise dos dados pudemos analisar que a produção científica ao longo do tempo se concentra em sua maioria a partir do ano de 2010, onde acontece um grande aumento das produções na temática. Foi possível analisar também os países que mais publicaram na área dando destaque respectivamente para a região do Reino Unido, Australia e África do sul, o que se assemelha com os países correspondentes dos autores mais relevantes. Identificamos também as revistas mais relevantes com relação ao impacto das publicações, sendo a revista Journal of Strenght and Condiotioning Research com 27 artigos a que mais publicou na área. Foi possível analisar também que os assuntos relativos à temática se concentram mais nos aspectos de preparação física, composição corporal e prevenção e reabilitação de lesões devido à grande demanda física do jogo

Changes in employment and relationship satisfaction in times of the COVID-19 pandemic: Evidence from the German Family Panel

Families have been hit hard by the COVID-19 pandemic and its associated lockdown, but barely any research has been conducted yet, investigating how COVID-19-related stressors - and, specifically, disruptions in established employment arrangements - affected couples' relationship quality. To account more comprehensively for such non-monetary costs of the COVID-19 pandemic, the present study investigates whether changes in partners' employment situation during the COVID-19 crisis - particularly home-office and short-time work - had an immediate impact on the relationship satisfaction of cohabiting married and unmarried couples. To do so, we estimated fixed-effects regression models, exploiting unique data from the German Family Panel (pairfam; wave 11) and its supplementary COVID-19 web-survey. We observed a substantial proportion of respondents experiencing positive (20%) or negative (40%) changes in relationship satisfaction during the crisis. Relationship satisfaction has decreased, on average, for men and women alike, almost irrespective of whether they experienced COVID-19-related changes in their employment situation. While partners' employment situation hardly moderated the negative association between respondents' employment and relationship satisfaction, the presence of children seemed to buffer partly against a COVID-19-related decrease. Our results thus confirm previous findings suggesting that the COVID-19 pandemic constitutes a threat to couples' relationship quality and healthy family functioning more generally

The prospectivity of a potential shale gas play: An example from the southern Pennine Basin (central England, UK)

During the Serpukhovian (late Mississippian) Stage, the Pennine Basin, now underlying much of northern England, consisted of a series of interlinked sub-basins that developed in response to the crustal extension north of the Hercynic orogenic zone. For the current study, mudstone samples of the Morridge Formation from two sub-basins located in the south-eastern part of the Pennine Basin were collected from the Carsington Dam Reconstruction C3 Borehole (Widmerpool Gulf sub-basin) and the Karenight 1 Borehole (Edale Gulf sub-basin). Detailed palynological analyses indicate that aside from the dominant (often 90% or more) heterogeneous amorphous organic matter (AOM), variable abundances of homogeneous AOM and phytoclasts are present. To complement the palynological dataset, a suite of geochemical and mineralogical techniques were applied to evaluate the prospectivity of these potentially important source rocks. Changes in the carbon isotope composition of the bulk organic fraction (δ13COM) suggest that the lower part (Biozone E2a) of Carsington DR C3 is markedly more influenced by terrigenous kerogen than the upper part of the core (Biozones E2a3–E2b1). The Karenight 1 core yielded more marine kerogen in the lower part (Marine Bands E1–E2b) than the upper part (Marine Band E2b). Present day Rock-Eval™ Total Organic Carbon (TOC) surpasses 2% in most samples from both cores, a proportion suggested by Jarvie (2012) that defines prospective shale gas reservoirs. However, when the pyrolysable component that reflects the generative kerogen fraction is considered, very few samples reach this threshold. The kerogen typing permits for the first time the calculation of an original hydrogen index (HIo) and original total organic carbon (TOCo) for Carboniferous mudstones of the Pennine Basin. The most prospective part of Carsington DR C3 (marine bands E2b1–E2a3) has an average TOCo of 3.2% and an average HIo of 465 mg/g TOCo. The most prospective part of Karenight 1 (242.80–251.89 m) is characterized by an average TOCo of 9.3% and an average HIo of 504 mg/g TOCo. Lastly, X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis confirms that the siliceous to argillaceous mudstones contain a highly variable carbonate content. The palynological, geochemical and mineralogical proxies combined indicate that marine sediments were continuously being deposited throughout the sampled intervals and were punctuated by episodic turbiditic events. The terrestrial material, originating from the Wales-Brabant High to the south of the Pennine Basin, was principally deposited in the Widmerpool Gulf, with much less terrigenous organic matter reaching the Edale Gulf. As a consequence, the prospective intervals are relatively thin, decimetre-to meter-scale, and further high resolution characterization of these intervals is required to understand variability in prospectivitiy over these limited intervals