Body appreciation around the world: Measurement invariance of the Body Appreciation Scale-2 (BAS-2) across 65 nations, 40 languages, gender identities, and age.

The Body Appreciation Scale-2 (BAS-2) is a widely used measure of a core facet of the positive body image construct. However, extant research concerning measurement invariance of the BAS-2 across a large number of nations remains limited. Here, we utilised the Body Image in Nature (BINS) dataset - with data collected between 2020 and 2022 - to assess measurement invariance of the BAS-2 across 65 nations, 40 languages, gender identities, and age groups. Multi-group confirmatory factor analysis indicated that full scalar invariance was upheld across all nations, languages, gender identities, and age groups, suggesting that the unidimensional BAS-2 model has widespread applicability. There were large differences across nations and languages in latent body appreciation, while differences across gender identities and age groups were negligible-to-small. Additionally, greater body appreciation was significantly associated with higher life satisfaction, being single (versus being married or in a committed relationship), and greater rurality (versus urbanicity). Across a subset of nations where nation-level data were available, greater body appreciation was also significantly associated with greater cultural distance from the United States and greater relative income inequality. These findings suggest that the BAS-2 likely captures a near-universal conceptualisation of the body appreciation construct, which should facilitate further cross-cultural research. [Abstract copyright: Copyright © 2023 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.

Histochemical and histological investigations on the human fallopian tube under different hormonal influences - II. Proliferative processes within endosalpingeal epithelium.

Proliferative processes of human Fallopian tube (mitotic activity, number of nuclei, epithelial height) under different hormonal influences were studied by histological methods. In the 2nd half of the cycle, during pregnancy, during antiovulatory treatment and in postmenopausal period, the endosalpingeal epithelium of pars of uterina, isthmus, ampulla and infundibulum is characterized by proliferative quiescence (i.e. lack of mitoses, a small quantity of nuclei, a simple epithelium). Under minipill treatment (0.5 mg lynestrenol daily) a simple or pseudostratified epithelium with increasing amounts of nuclei in the 1st half of the cycle without mitoses, but in the midcycle (newly formed corpus luteum) with numerous mitoses is observed. Higher doses of progesterone during midcycle lead to a predominating pseudostratified epithelium with considerable quantities of nuclei, but without mitoses. Estrogen treatment in the 1st half of the cycle, in midcycle, in postmenopausal period, during extrauterine pregnancy and during antiovulatory treatment, results in distinct endosalpingeal proliferation (domination of pseudostratification, formation of epithelial papillae); secretory processes as well as cellular extrusions are observed also. Stimulation by estrogen is especially rapid in the tubal isthmus (high amounts of nuclei). A simple dosis of estrogen produces many mitoses in the oviductal epithelium within the following 12 h; with increasing interval between estrogen application and tubectomy, the quantity of mitoses is rapidly reduced. Regeneration and proliferation of endosalpingeal epithelium are results of mitotic divisions of secretory and ciliated cells rather, than of so-called basal cells, which appear to be immigrated lymphocytes

Bildung und Entwicklung von Lagerstaetten in Verbindung mit Salzstrukturen Abschlussbericht

SIGLECopy held by FIZ Karlsruhe; available from UB/TIB Hannover / FIZ - Fachinformationszzentrum Karlsruhe / TIB - Technische InformationsbibliothekDEGerman

Causes of fecal and urinary incontinence after total mesorectal excision for rectal cancer based on cadaveric surgery: a study from the Cooperative Clinical Investigators of the Dutch total mesorectal excision trial

PURPOSE: Total mesorectal excision (TME) for rectal cancer may result in anorectal and urogenital dysfunction. We aimed to study possible nerve disruption during TME and its consequences for functional outcome. Because the levator ani muscle plays an important role in both urinary and fecal continence, an explanation could be peroperative damage of the nerve supply to the levator ani muscle. METHODS: TME was performed on cadaver pelves. Subsequently, the anatomy of the pelvic floor innervation and its relation to the pelvic autonomic innervation and the mesorectum were studied. Additionally, data from the Dutch TME trial were analyzed to relate anorectal and urinary dysfunction to possible nerve damage during TME procedure. RESULTS: Cadaver TME surgery demonstrated that, especially in low tumors, the pelvic floor innervation can be damaged. Furthermore, the origin of the levator ani nerve was located in close proximity of the origin of the pelvic splanchnic nerves. Analysis of the TME trial data showed that newly developed urinary and fecal incontinence was present in 33.7% and 38.8% of patients, respectively. Both types of incontinence were significantly associated with each other (P = .027). Low anastomosis was significantly associated with urinary incontinence (P = .049). One third of the patients with newly developed urinary and fecal incontinence also reported difficulty in bladder emptying, for which excessive perioperative blood loss was a significant risk factor. CONCLUSION: Perioperative damage to the pelvic floor innervation could contribute to fecal and urinary incontinence after TME, especially in case of a low anastomosis or damage to the pelvic splanchnic nerves

Dynamik der Kompaktion und die Migration fluider Phasen bei der Lagerstaettenbildung Abschlussbericht

SIGLETIB Hannover: FR 3168 / FIZ - Fachinformationszzentrum Karlsruhe / TIB - Technische InformationsbibliothekDEGerman