Farm Accidents Costly Insurance Lessens the Burden

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Machine Science in Biomedicine: Practicalities, Pitfalls and Potential

Machine Science, or Data-driven Research, is a new and interesting scientific methodology that uses advanced computational techniques to identify, retrieve, classify and analyse data in order to generate hypotheses and develop models. In this paper we describe three recent biomedical Machine Science studies, and use these to assess the current state of the art with specific emphasis on data mining, data assessment, costs, limitations, skills and tool support

Observation of Single Transits in Supercooled Monatomic Liquids

A transit is the motion of a system from one many-particle potential energy valley to another. We report the observation of transits in molecular dynamics (MD) calculations of supercooled liquid argon and sodium. Each transit is a correlated simultaneous shift in the equilibrium positions of a small local group of particles, as revealed in the fluctuating graphs of the particle coordinates versus time. This is the first reported direct observation of transit motion in a monatomic liquid in thermal equilibrium. We found transits involving 2 to 11 particles, having mean shift in equilibrium position on the order of 0.4 R_1 in argon and 0.25 R_1 in sodium, where R_1 is the nearest neighbor distance. The time it takes for a transit to occur is approximately one mean vibrational period, confirming that transits are fast.Comment: 19 pages, 8 figure

Optimizing multi-dimensional terahertz imaging analysis for colon cancer diagnosis

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Hypercalcemic Nephropathy in the Dog

Calcium is a functionally important ion and coenzyme in most all of the body systems. Besides its structural role in bone, calcium is involved in muscle contraction, the blood coagulation system, enzyme activity, nerve impulse transmission, hormone release and membrane permeability.I-3 Calcium metabolism is regulated primarily by parathyroid hormone (PTH), calcitonin (CT), and vitamin D (1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol). The release of these hormones is controlled by the concentration of calcium in the plasma. Exact regulation of calcium in extracellular fluid is necessary to maintain normal body function

Scaling Analysis and Evolution Equation of the North Atlantic Oscillation Index Fluctuations

The North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) monthly index is studied from 1825 till 2002 in order to identify the scaling ranges of its fluctuations upon different delay times and to find out whether or not it can be regarded as a Markov process. A Hurst rescaled range analysis and a detrended fluctuation analysis both indicate the existence of weakly persistent long range time correlations for the whole scaling range and time span hereby studied. Such correlations are similar to Brownian fluctuations. The Fokker-Planck equation is derived and Kramers-Moyal coefficients estimated from the data. They are interpreted in terms of a drift and a diffusion coefficient as in fluid mechanics. All partial distribution functions of the NAO monthly index fluctuations have a form close to a Gaussian, for all time lags, in agreement with the findings of the scaling analyses. This indicates the lack of predictive power of the present NAO monthly index. Yet there are some deviations for large (and thus rare) events. Whence suggestions for other measurements are made if some improved predictability of the weather/climate in the North Atlantic is of interest. The subsequent Langevin equation of the NAO signal fluctuations is explicitly written in terms of the diffusion and drift parameters, and a characteristic time scale for these is given in appendix.Comment: 6 figures, 54 refs., 16 pages; submitted to Int. J. Mod. Phys. C: Comput. Phy

Adiabatic and Non-Adiabatic Contributions to the Free Energy from the Electron-Phonon Interaction for Na, K, Al, and Pb

We calculate the adiabatic contributions to the free energy due to the electron--phonon interaction at intermediate temperatures, $0 \leqslant k_{B} T < \epsilon_{F}$ for the elemental metals Na, K, Al, and Pb. Using our previously published results for the nonadiabatic contributions we show that the adiabatic contribution, which is proportional to $T^{2}$ at low temperatures and goes as $T^{3}$ at high temperatures, dominates the nonadiabatic contribution for temperatures above a cross--over temperature, $T_{c}$, which is between 0.5 and 0.8 $T_{m}$, where $T_{m}$ is the melting temperature of the metal. The nonadiabatic contribution falls as $T^{-1}$ for temperatures roughly above the average phonon frequency.Comment: Updated versio