Common Models and Sub-Processes Inherent to Translational Research: Public Health Examples of Science for the Public Good

This study provides a formal review of eight of the most commonly cited models, frameworks, and approaches to translational research in public health. Translational research is defined as the process of moving scientific and other innovations into widespread use, and the authors suggest that such activities culminate in the use of proven practices to solve societal problems. Three critical subprocesses inherent in translational research are described: (a) knowledge generation, (b) translation, and (c) widespread implementation of proven practices. Implications for translational research professionals and organizations, mostly related to public health innovation and promotion of evidence-based practices, are discussed