1,029 research outputs found
Bulk, rare earth and other trace elements in Apollo 14 and 15 and Luna 16 samples
The chemical abundances were measured by instrumental and radiochemical neutron activation analysis in a variety of lunar specimens. Apollo 14 soils are characterized by significant enrichments of Al2O3, Na2O and K2O and depletions of TiO2, FeO, MnO and Cr2O3 relative to Apollo 11 and to most of Apollo 12 soils. The uniform abundances in 14230 core tube soils and three other Apollo 14 soils indicate that the regolith is uniform to at least 22 cm depth and within approximately 200 m from the lunar module. Two Luna 16 breccias are similar in composition to Luna 16 soils. Four Apollo 15 soils (LM, STA 4, 9, and 9a) have variable compositions. Interelement correlations between MnO-FeO, Sc-FeO, V-Cr2O3 and K2O-Hf negate the hypothesis that howardite achondrites may be primitive lunar matter, argue against the fission hypothesis for the origin of the moon, and precludes any selective large scale volatilization of alkalies during lunar magmatic events
Applicability of the Fisher Equation to Bacterial Population Dynamics
The applicability of the Fisher equation, which combines diffusion with
logistic nonlinearity, to population dynamics of bacterial colonies is studied
with the help of explicit analytic solutions for the spatial distribution of a
stationary bacterial population under a static mask. The mask protects the
bacteria from ultraviolet light. The solution, which is in terms of Jacobian
elliptic functions, is used to provide a practical prescription to extract
Fisher equation parameters from observations and to decide on the validity of
the Fisher equation.Comment: 5 pages, 3 figs. include
Metallic phase in stoichiometric CeOBiS 2 revealed by space-resolved ARPES
Recently CeOBiS2 system without any fluorine doping is found to show superconductivity posing question on its origin. Using space resolved ARPES we have found a metallic phase embedded in the morphological defects and at the sample edges of stoichiometric CeOBiS2. While bulk of the sample is semiconducting, the embedded metallic phase is characterized by the usual electron pocket at X point, similar to the Fermi surface of doped BiS2-based superconductors. Typical size of the observed metallic domain is larger than the superconducting correlation length of the system suggesting that the observed superconductivity in undoped CeOBiS2 might be due to this embedded metallic phase at the defects. The results also suggest a possible way to develop new systems by manipulation of the defects in these chalcogenides with structural instability
Asymptotics of a discrete-time particle system near a reflecting boundary
We examine a discrete-time Markovian particle system on the quarter-plane
introduced by M. Defosseux. The vertical boundary acts as a reflecting wall.
The particle system lies in the Anisotropic Kardar-Parisi-Zhang with a wall
universality class. After projecting to a single horizontal level, we take the
longtime asymptotics and obtain the discrete Jacobi and symmetric Pearcey
kernels. This is achieved by showing that the particle system is identical to a
Markov chain arising from representations of the infinite-dimensional
orthogonal group. The fixed-time marginals of this Markov chain are known to be
determinantal point processes, allowing us to take the limit of the correlation
kernel.
We also give a simple example which shows that in the multi-level case, the
particle system and the Markov chain evolve differently.Comment: 16 pages, Version 2 improves the expositio
Determination of the local structure of SrMIrO (M = K, La) as a function of doping and temperature
The local structure of correlated spin-orbit insulator SrMIrO
(M = K, La) has been investigated by Ir L-edge extended x-ray absorption
fine structure measurements. The measurements were performed as a function of
temperature for different dopings induced by substitution of Sr with La or K.
It is found that Ir-O bonds have strong covalency and they hardly show any
change across the N\'eel temperature. In the studied doping range, neither Ir-O
bonds nor their dynamics, measured by their mean square relative displacements,
show any appreciable change upon carrier doping, indicating possibility of a
nanoscale phase separation in the doped system. On the other hand, there is a
large increase of the static disorder in Ir-Sr correlation, larger for K doping
than La doping. Similarities and differences with respect to the local lattice
displacements in cuprates are briefly discussed.Comment: Main text: 6 pages, 4 figures, Supplemental information: 2 pages, 2
figure
Proximity to Fermi-surface topological change in superconducting LaO0.54F0.46BiS2
The electronic structure of nearly optimally-doped novel superconductor
LaOFBiS ( = 0.46) was investigated using
angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES). We clearly observed band
dispersions from 2 to 6 eV binding energy and near the Fermi level (), which are well reproduced by first principles calculations when
the spin-orbit coupling is taken into account. The ARPES intensity map near
shows a square-like distribution around the (Z) point
in addition to electronlike Fermi surface (FS) sheets around the X(R) point,
indicating that FS of LaOFBiS is in close proximity to
the theoretically-predicted topological change.Comment: 6 pages, 3 figures, + supplemental materia
Classification of KPZQ and BDP models by multiaffine analysis
We argue differences between the Kardar-Parisi-Zhang with Quenched disorder
(KPZQ) and the Ballistic Deposition with Power-law noise (BDP) models, using
the multiaffine analysis method. The KPZQ and the BDP models show mono-affinity
and multiaffinity, respectively. This difference results from the different
distribution types of neighbor-height differences in growth paths. Exponential
and power-law distributions are observed in the KPZQ and the BDP, respectively.
In addition, we point out the difference of profiles directly, i.e., although
the surface profiles of both models and the growth path of the BDP model are
rough, the growth path of the KPZQ model is smooth.Comment: 11 pages, 6 figure
Growing interfaces uncover universal fluctuations behind scale invariance
Stochastic motion of a point -- known as Brownian motion -- has many
successful applications in science, thanks to its scale invariance and
consequent universal features such as Gaussian fluctuations. In contrast, the
stochastic motion of a line, though it is also scale-invariant and arises in
nature as various types of interface growth, is far less understood. The two
major missing ingredients are: an experiment that allows a quantitative
comparison with theory and an analytic solution of the Kardar-Parisi-Zhang
(KPZ) equation, a prototypical equation for describing growing interfaces. Here
we solve both problems, showing unprecedented universality beyond the scaling
laws. We investigate growing interfaces of liquid-crystal turbulence and find
not only universal scaling, but universal distributions of interface positions.
They obey the largest-eigenvalue distributions of random matrices and depend on
whether the interface is curved or flat, albeit universal in each case. Our
exact solution of the KPZ equation provides theoretical explanations.Comment: 5 pages, 3 figures, supplementary information available on Journal
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