Synthesis and Characterization of Novel Polyacetylene and Poly Diacetylene Substituted with Thiosaccharin

novel polyacetylene & Polydiacetylene Substituted with thio Saccharin were Synthesized by two routes , first polymerization of terminal propargyl Saccharin ( laboratory prepared ) to produce polyacetylene PAS , under nitrogen gas, in presence of PdCl2 in DMF. The Polymerization reaction was carried on for 4hrs. at 30c0 (Yield 78%). Second procedure was used to product PAS using Microwave Radations under the same conditions at 400 W, for 10 minutes , (Yield 70% ). Another route was polymerization diacetylene (laboratory prepared) to produce Polydiacetylene PDAS ,The Synthesis approach to PDAS is based on Oxidative Coupling polymerization under oxygen gas and THF, In basic medium (pyridine) and present CuCl , PdCl2 as Catalytic , The polymer Yield 82% at reaction temperature 40 C0 in 5 hrs. Instrumental analyses such HNMR , FR-IR ,Spectroscopies. These Indicated that the new materials have Conjugated polymers within designed Substituents Saccharin

Study of lipid profile for psoriatic patients in AL-Anbar governorate.

Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin condition which affects approximately 1-3% of the world's population (1). It appears as red plaques covered with silvery scale that flakes away from the skin.Psoriatic plaques are often found on the elbows, scalp and knees but can also affect other parts of the body such as the face, feet and mucous membranes.Psoriasis is not contagious, nor is it caused by an allergy. However, the tendency to develop the condition can be genetically transmitted. Psoriasis causes itching in 60% to 70% of cases (2). However, the exact etiology of psoriasis is unknown. Abnormalities in lipid metabolism have been proposed because the abnormalities in lipids lead to abnormalities in skin formation which is made from lipids. To evaluate the serum lipids profile in psoriatic patients of Al-Anbar governorate and to compare the results with other external studies. The study group included 60 patients with psoriasis, and 30 healthy volunteers. Blood lipid profile was determined using commercial kits from reliable French and Spain companies. All patients had psoriasis involving less than 30% of body surface. Their ages ranged from 10 to 60 years with a mean of 32 years. Family history of psoriasis was positive in a percentage of (20%) of the patients. The mean levels of serum lipids (total cholesterol, triglyceride, low density lipoprotein, and very low density lipoprotein) in patients with psoriasis were found to be significantly higher than those of healthy individuals. The mean levels of high density lipoprotein were not significant. This study strengthens the relationship between the lipids intake, formation, and metabolism with the pathogenesis of psoriasis. Therefore it is concluded that psoriatic patients should be evaluated for hyperlipidemia and obstructive vascular diseases. Administrating lipid-lowering medicines for patients particularly cases with severe disease may be beneficial prognosis

Study of photolysis on the active material Phenylbutazone in veterinarian drug Isophen

The veterinary medicine isophen was used in this study. Isophen contains phenylbutazone as active material .Numbers of samples of isophen were prepared and were determined absorbance were determined and comparison subjected to radiation for different periods (1 ,2, 3, 4, 5) hrs. the Maximum absorbance were determined and compression Maximum absorbance's Study are performed. And ensure that the impact of irradiation on the active ingredient in the medication. The results reveal that has been reached that there is significant impact of irradiation as well as the time of irradiation on the decomposition of the active ingredient in the medication was found that with the continuation of the time of irradiation increases decomposition

Mortality from gastrointestinal congenital anomalies at 264 hospitals in 74 low-income, middle-income, and high-income countries: a multicentre, international, prospective cohort study

Summary Background Congenital anomalies are the fifth leading cause of mortality in children younger than 5 years globally. Many gastrointestinal congenital anomalies are fatal without timely access to neonatal surgical care, but few studies have been done on these conditions in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs). We compared outcomes of the seven most common gastrointestinal congenital anomalies in low-income, middle-income, and high-income countries globally, and identified factors associated with mortality. Methods We did a multicentre, international prospective cohort study of patients younger than 16 years, presenting to hospital for the first time with oesophageal atresia, congenital diaphragmatic hernia, intestinal atresia, gastroschisis, exomphalos, anorectal malformation, and Hirschsprung’s disease. Recruitment was of consecutive patients for a minimum of 1 month between October, 2018, and April, 2019. We collected data on patient demographics, clinical status, interventions, and outcomes using the REDCap platform. Patients were followed up for 30 days after primary intervention, or 30 days after admission if they did not receive an intervention. The primary outcome was all-cause, in-hospital mortality for all conditions combined and each condition individually, stratified by country income status. We did a complete case analysis. Findings We included 3849 patients with 3975 study conditions (560 with oesophageal atresia, 448 with congenital diaphragmatic hernia, 681 with intestinal atresia, 453 with gastroschisis, 325 with exomphalos, 991 with anorectal malformation, and 517 with Hirschsprung’s disease) from 264 hospitals (89 in high-income countries, 166 in middleincome countries, and nine in low-income countries) in 74 countries. Of the 3849 patients, 2231 (58·0%) were male. Median gestational age at birth was 38 weeks (IQR 36–39) and median bodyweight at presentation was 2·8 kg (2·3–3·3). Mortality among all patients was 37 (39·8%) of 93 in low-income countries, 583 (20·4%) of 2860 in middle-income countries, and 50 (5·6%) of 896 in high-income countries (p<0·0001 between all country income groups). Gastroschisis had the greatest difference in mortality between country income strata (nine [90·0%] of ten in lowincome countries, 97 [31·9%] of 304 in middle-income countries, and two [1·4%] of 139 in high-income countries; p≤0·0001 between all country income groups). Factors significantly associated with higher mortality for all patients combined included country income status (low-income vs high-income countries, risk ratio 2·78 [95% CI 1·88–4·11], p<0·0001; middle-income vs high-income countries, 2·11 [1·59–2·79], p<0·0001), sepsis at presentation (1·20 [1·04–1·40], p=0·016), higher American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) score at primary intervention (ASA 4–5 vs ASA 1–2, 1·82 [1·40–2·35], p<0·0001; ASA 3 vs ASA 1–2, 1·58, [1·30–1·92], p<0·0001]), surgical safety checklist not used (1·39 [1·02–1·90], p=0·035), and ventilation or parenteral nutrition unavailable when needed (ventilation 1·96, [1·41–2·71], p=0·0001; parenteral nutrition 1·35, [1·05–1·74], p=0·018). Administration of parenteral nutrition (0·61, [0·47–0·79], p=0·0002) and use of a peripherally inserted central catheter (0·65 [0·50–0·86], p=0·0024) or percutaneous central line (0·69 [0·48–1·00], p=0·049) were associated with lower mortality. Interpretation Unacceptable differences in mortality exist for gastrointestinal congenital anomalies between lowincome, middle-income, and high-income countries. Improving access to quality neonatal surgical care in LMICs will be vital to achieve Sustainable Development Goal 3.2 of ending preventable deaths in neonates and children younger than 5 years by 2030

BIODEGRADATION OF CERTAIN PLASTICS USED IN COATING CABLES OF ELECTRICAL ENERGY &TELEPHONES IN THE SOILS OF ANBAR – GOVERNERATE.

This study was carried out to test the resistant of three different plastics towards biodegradation. Thes plastics are polyvinyl chloride( PVC) and low density polyethylene ( LDPE ) which are used currently in the insulation of cables, and the resin of polyester ( UPE ) Three different types of bacteria ( Staphylococcus , Pseudo aeraginosa Escheriohia coil )were planted on plastics in different soils of Anbar (Saqlawiyeh , ramadi , Qaeim ) . The biodegradation was followed via the decreace in the overall weight and the molecular weight due to the chains scision and the shift in the functional groups using ( FT– IR) and( I.R, UV), and the depression in the viscosities . Microscope was also use to follow the surface corrosion . The result obtaind indicate that the pvc give the highest resistant tawards biodegradation , and the resistant of the three plastics follow the sequencep;- ( PVC > UPE > PE) .The nature of the soil had also not played a role in the stability of the plastics useds in this research

PREPARATION AND STUDY OF PHOTO-THERMAL DEGRADATION FOR THE COMPOUND BIS(P-DITHIOCHLOROTO)SE(II)

Preparation and photo degradation have been studied for compound of Bis(pdithiochloroto) selenium(II) (C14H10CL2S4Se) . Two wavelengths of (253.7,356.0)nm for different periods time (5,10,15,….,120)min. have been used . The thermal degradation has been studied for the compound with different period's temperatures (283,293,303,313,323)K at periods of (2, 4, 6, 8, and 10) hour. Many experimental reaction have been done to determine the effective factors for degradation of the compound. Photo and thermal decomposition rates were estimated by using the change in (pH) values. The results showed that the photo decomposition for compound of Bis(p-dithiochloroto)Se(II) increased by increasing irradiation time. The (pH) values decreases to reach its minimum value at (25)min. then it increased as irradiation continues because the number of the released hydrogen ion will be high in the beginning of the reaction. The study showed a little effects on thermal decomposition at low temperature (283,293) K as indicated by (pH). However there was a decrease in pH values at high temperatures (283,313,323)oK and early periods due to a released Hydrogen ions. The (pH) values increased by increasing temperature and period of time.Different techniques such as UV-Visible spectrophotometry and Infrared spectrophotometry have been used to analyze final product. Also qualitative analytical methods have been used to identify the final products. The techniques showed that the final degradation is that dithio P-chloro benzoic acid (C7H5S2C