Juno Plasma Wave Observations at Ganymede.

The Juno Waves instrument measured plasma waves associated with Ganymede's magnetosphere during its flyby on 7 June, day 158, 2021. Three distinct regions were identified including a wake, and nightside and dayside regions in the magnetosphere distinguished by their electron densities and associated variability. The magnetosphere includes electron cyclotron harmonic emissions including a band at the upper hybrid frequency, as well as whistler-mode chorus and hiss. These waves likely interact with energetic electrons in Ganymede's magnetosphere by pitch angle scattering and/or accelerating the electrons. The wake is accentuated by low-frequency turbulence and electrostatic solitary waves. Radio emissions observed before and after the flyby likely have their source in Ganymede's magnetosphere.884711 - European Research Council; 699041X - Southwest Research Institute; Q99064JAR - Southwest Research Institute; 80NSSC20K0557 - NASAPublished versio

Mid-term evaluation of the Regional Project on Coffee Pest Control (IICA-PROMECAFE-AID/ROCAP 596-0090).

Posee edición en inglés y españolPresenta un informe de la evaluación realizada sobre la marcha (agosto-setiembre de 1984) del Proyecto Regional de Control de Pestes del Café, ejecutado en el marco del convenio IICA/PROMECAFE-USAID-ROCAP No. 596-0090. Los países participantes en este proyecto son: Guatemala, El Salvador, Honduras, Nicaragua, Costa Rica y Panamá. Las actividades evaluadas se enmarcaron dentro de los siguientes componentes del proyecto: (1) introducción de cafetos de alto rendimiento resistentes a la roya; (2) biología, epidemiología y control de la roya del café; (3) biología, epidemiología y control de la broca del café; (4) análisis residual para el control e inscripción de pesticidas; (5) capacitación de personal técnico y auxiliar; (6) desarrollo, adaptación y transferencia de tecnologías apropiadas para el cultivo del café; y (7) desarrollo de un sistema regional de información y banco de datos. Se incluye además algunas recomendaciones sobre la participación de los organismos regionales que cooperan con el proyecto, especíificamente OIRSA y CATIE. También presenta un análisis sobre el período, recursos y prospección de necesidades del proyecto. Finalmente, enumera las conclusiones y recomendaciones generales presentadas por la misión evaluadora

The association between resilience and survival among Chinese elderly

Based on the unique longitudinal data of the elderly aged 65+ with a sufficiently large sub-sample of the oldest-old aged 85+ from the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey, we construct a resilience scale with 7 indicators for the Chinese elderly, based on the framework of the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale. Cox proportional hazards regression model estimates show that, after controlling for socio-demographic characteristics and initial health status, the total resilience score and most factors of the resilience scale are significantly associated with reduced mortality risk among the young-old and oldest-old. Although the causal mechanisms remain to be investigated, effective measures to promote resilience are likely to have a positive effect on longevity of the elderly in China

A View to the Future: Ultraviolet Studies of the Solar System

We discuss the status of ultraviolet knowledge of Solar System objects. We begin with a short historical survey, followed by a review of knowledge gathered so far and of existing observational assets. The survey indicates that UV observations, along with data collected in other spectral bands, are necessary and in some cases essential to understand the nature of our neighbors in the Solar System. By extension, similar observations are needed to explore the nature of extrasolar planets, to support or reject astro-biology arguments, and to compose and test scenarios for the formation and evolution of planetary systems. We propose a set of observations, describing first the necessary instrumental capabilitites to collect these and outlining what would be the expected scientific return. We identify two immediate programmatic requirements: the establishment of a mineralogic database in the ultraviolet for the characterization of planetary, ring, satellite, and minor planet surfaces, and the development and deployment of small orbital solar radiation monitors. The first would extend the methods of characterizing surfaces of atmosphere-less bodies by adding the UV segment. The latter are needed to establish a baseline against which contemporaneous UV observations of Solar System objects must be compared. We identify two types of UV missions, one appropriate for a two-meter-class telescope using almost off-the-shelf technology that could be launched in the next few years, and another for a much larger (5--20 meter class) instrument that would provide the logical follow-up after a decade of utilizing the smaller facility

The Ultraviolet Spectrograph on NASA’s Juno Mission

The ultraviolet spectrograph instrument on the Juno mission (Juno-UVS) is a long-slit imaging spectrograph designed to observe and characterize Jupiter’s far-ultraviolet (FUV) auroral emissions. These observations will be coordinated and correlated with those from Juno’s other remote sensing instruments and used to place in situ measurements made by Juno’s particles and fields instruments into a global context, relating the local data with events occurring in more distant regions of Jupiter’s magnetosphere. Juno-UVS is based on a series of imaging FUV spectrographs currently in flight—the two Alice instruments on the Rosetta and New Horizons missions, and the Lyman Alpha Mapping Project on the Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter mission. However, Juno-UVS has several important modifications, including (1) a scan mirror (for targeting specific auroral features), (2) extensive shielding (for mitigation of electronics and data quality degradation by energetic particles), and (3) a cross delay line microchannel plate detector (for both faster photon counting and improved spatial resolution). This paper describes the science objectives, design, and initial performance of the Juno-UVS