Sintesis Organobentonit Dan Penggunaannya Sebagai Zat Tahan Api Pada Proses Penyempurnaan Tekstil

Telah dilakukan penelitian modifikasi nano bentonit alam yang berasal dari daerah Tasikmalaya Jawa Barat menjadi organobentonit dengan cara mereaksikannya dengan heksadesiltrimetilamonium bromida dan tetrabutilfosfonium bromida untuk dapat digunakan sebagai zat tahan api pada proses penyempurnaan tekstil. Proses pembuatan organobentonit dilakukan dengan cara pengadukan menggunakan magnetic stirrer larutan suspensi nanobentonit sebanyak 2% dengan heksadesiltrimetilamonium bromida (HDTA)/tetrabutilfosfonium bromida (TBP) variasi kadar 0,4-2 %. Karakterisasi organobentonit hasil sintesis dilakukan dengan menggunakan FTIR dan SEM. Percobaan aplikasi organobentonit hasil sintesis pada kain kapas dilakukan dengan bantuan binder poliuretan serta surfaktan non ionik, sedangkan teknik yang digunakan adalah pad-dry-cure, dengan kondisi pad (90% WPU)-dry (110oC, selama 3 menit)-cure (140oC, selama 3 menit). Hasil percobaan menunjukkan bahwa HDTA-bentonit dan TBP-bentonit hasil sintesis dapat meningkatkan sifat tahan api sampel kain kapas meskipun belum secara signifikan, namun demikian telah memperlihatkan pembentukan arang kain sebagai sisa hasil pembakarannya. Pengarangan sampel kain hasil penyempurnaan dengan TBP-bentonit lebih tinggi dibanding dengan HDTA-bentonit

Aplikasi Kendali Fuzzy Logic Untuk Pengaturan Kecepatan

This paper present the application of fuzyy logic control for universal motor speed control. Fuzzy logic control is implemented on a personal computer, while the program is made in Pascal. The speed control is done by adjusting motor voltage and using Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) Method. The loading on the motor is executed mechanical braking. The system feedback is a signal frequency from tacho, which is, then changed into voltage for computer input through ADC. Fuzzy logic system applies two crisps of input: error and error chage of the motor speed; and an output crisp, i.e. voltage change. The dufuzzification methods used are mean of maxima and center of area. The numbers of rules vary based on the numbers of the label used. The system response is displayed by graphic of the motor speed toward time. The testing result showed that the membership functions in triangle and trapezoid forms did not contribute significant influence to the system response; between the two methods of defuzzification, the center area was better than the mean of maxima; and the system response will be much bettter if more membership functions were used

Kinerja Guru Bersertifikat Pendidik di Sdn Gugus Dua Kecamatan Teluk Batang Kabupaten Kayong Utara

The purpose of this research is to obtain information and actual clarity about the real performance, the challenges and obstacles of certified teacher in SDN Gugus Dua Kecamatan Teluk Batang Kabupaten Kayong Utara in implementing performance. This study used a qualitative descriptive approach. The source of data in this study were five certified teachers who served in SDN Gugus Dua Kecamatan Teluk Batang Kabupaten Kayong Utara. Data collected through the stages of orientation, exploration stage, and the stage member check. The validity of the finding datas checked ​​through data triangulation technique. The results of the study concluded the performance of certified teacher in SDN Gugus Dua Kecamatan Teluk Batang Kabupaten Kayong Utara were good enough

Pengaruh Senam Lansia Terhadap Penurunan Skala Insomnia Ada Lansia Di Panti Wredha Dewanata Cilacap

Insomnia is one of sleep disturbance that is usually happened to elderly. Insomnia relates closely with sleep quality decreasing so that it makes sleep does not have quality. Physical exercise is authentically repair sleep quality of elderly. One of physical exercise kind that can be done by elderly is elderly fit gymnastics. The objective of this research was to know the influence of elderly fit gymnastics towards insomnia scale decreasing at Dewanata Elderly Orphanage of Cilacap. Quasi experiment of research sort with pretest-posttest without control group approach. The population of this research was all elderly clients at Dewanata Elderly Orphanage of Cilacap with number of 90 peoples. The technique of taking sample in this research used total sampling. The number of sample in this research was 16 respondents. Insomnia scale measuring used Pittsburg Insomnia Rating Scale. Data analysis used frequency distribution and paired t-test. The number of respondents were mostly at the age of 60 to 74 years old (elderly) were 13 respondents (81,25%). Most of them were male with number of 9 respondents (56,25%). The result of statistic experiment was got p value = 0,000 less than ? = 0,05. There was significant difference in a statistic manner between before and after doing gymnastics. So that, there was influence of elderly fit gymnastics towards insomnia scale decreasing at Dewanata Elderly Orphanage of Cilacap

Manajemen Kepala Sekolah dalam Upaya Peningkatan Prestasi di Sekolah Dasar

This study aims to determine the management process conducted by the Principal in improving achievement at Immanuel Christian Elementary School Unit I Pontianak. Data collection techniques such as interviews, direct observations, and documents. Interviews, observations, and documents revealed that school; 1) planning, implementation, and supervision of Principal applied to the principle of consensus, trust, responsibility and kinship, 2) there is a tendency success of Principal in integrating human resources exist, which is arranged in the form of the full cooperation of responsibility so that a force for schools in reaching achievements. Suggestions for school, in this case the citizens of Immanuel Christian Elementary School Unit I Kota Pontianak, in order to improve the quality and academic achievement as well as non-academic achievements. Principal planning program that involves teachers, students, and parents, and implementation, and supervision should be further developed. Besides partnerships with parents and the community which has been established should be improved

Sintesis Nanopartikel Seng Oksida (Zno) Menggunakan Surfaktan Sebagai Stabilisator Dan Aplikasinya Pada Pembuatan Tekstil Anti Bakteri

Sintesis nanopartikel seng oksida dilakukan dengan metode presipitasi melalui reaksi antara seng nitratdengan natrium hidroksida. Variasi penggunaan berbagai jenis surfaktan (kationik, nonionik dan anionik) sebagaistabilisator pada proses pembuatan larutan koloid nanopartikel. Partikel dikarakterisasi dengan X-ray Diffraction(X-RD), Ultraviolet-visible Spectroscopy dan Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). Aktivitas antibakterinanopartikel terhadap Escherichia coli dan Bacillus cereus ditentukan dengan metode agar diffusion test. Hasilkarakterisasi XRD dan SEM menunjukkan bahwa partikel adalah benar seng oksida dengan ukuran antara 75 nm-125 nm. Penggunaan 5% surfaktan kationik atau nonionik berdampak pada distribusi ukuran partikel koloid yangrelatif rata. Nanopartikel memperlihatkan kemampuan yang lebih baik dalam menghambat pertumbuhan bakteriBacillus cereus dibandingkan pada Escherichia coli. Selanjutnya, nanopartikel diaplikasikan pada kain kapasdengan teknik rendam-peras-pemanasawetan kering. Analisa persentase reduksi bakteri setelah beberapa kalipencucian tekstil dilakukan untuk mengetahui efektivitas aplikasi nanopartikel. Hasil foto SEM terhadap kain kapasmembuktikan bahwa kain mengandung nanopartikel seng oksida. Peningkatan jumlah zat pengikat dapatmeningkatkan efektivitas antibakteri