FORMULATION DEVELOPMENT AND EVALUATION OF pH TRIGGERED IN SITU OPHTHALMIC GEL OF BESIFLOXACIN HYDROCHLORIDE

The aim of the present work was to formulation and evaluation of pH Triggered in-situ Ophthalmic Gel of Besifloxacin Hydrochloride to overcome the drawbacks obtained by conventional eye drop. There are two independent variables were used i.e. Carbopol 934 and HPMC K100. Carbopol 934 were used as gelling agent and HPMC K100 were used as bioadhesive polymer. Besifloxacin Hydrochloride shows activity against a wide range of Gram-positive and negative ocular pathogens: examples are  Corynebacterium pseudodiphtheriticum, Moraxella lacunata, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Streptococcus pneumoniae and Streptococcus salivarius. The in situ gelling system involves sol-to-gel transition in the cul-de-sac upon instillation to avoid pre corneal elimination. The formulations were prepared by 32 factorial design. The prepared formulations were evaluated for clarity, pH, viscosity, Bioadhesive strength of gel, gel strength gel, Drug Content, In-vitro Drug Release Study, Antibacterial Activity, Isotonicity Evaluation, HET-CAM Test and stability studies. The drug content was in the range of 97-99.57 %. Formulation F5 selected as optimized on the basis of evaluation. It shows highest drug release upto 8hrs. It shows good antibiotic activity against Staphylococcus aureus. The optimized formulation was isotonic with blood cells. It passes sterility test. The optimized formulation passes the ocular irritancy test i.e. HET-CAM Test. The formulation kept for the stability study for 3 months. Short term stability study indicates that room temperature 400±20 was appropriate storage condition for formulations. Keywords: pH Triggered, bioadhesive polymer, Carbopol 934, HPMC K100, HET-CAM Test, Antibacterial Activity

Synthesis of bis(indolyl)methanes using molten N-butylpyridinium bromide

A simple and rapid protocol has been developed for the synthesis of bis(indolyl)methane compounds in excellent yields using molten N-butyl-pyridinium bromide as a solvent and a working catalyst for the reaction. Synthesis of bis(indolyl)methane compounds were accomplished at moderate experimental conditions of temperature and ambient pressure, also involving an electrophilic substitution reaction of indoles with several aromatic aldehydes. The derivatives were confirmed with mass and other usual spectroscopic techniques. A discussion on plausible mechanism for the reaction is also presented

VIBRATION ANALYSIS AND CONTROL OF PIEZOELECTRIC SMART STRUCTURES BY FEEDBACK CONTROLLER ALONG- WITH SPECTRA PLUS SOFTWARE

ABSTRACT The locations of actuators and sensors over a structure determine the effectiveness of the controller in controlling vibrations. If we need to control a particular vibration mode, we have to place actuators and sensors in locations with high control. In many cases of vibration control, low frequency modes are considered to be important. Hence, we only need to consider a certain number of modes in the placement of actuators and sensors. We extended the methodology for finding optimal placement of general actuators and sensors over a flexible structure. For vibration analysis ANSYS software is used. Experimentation is done for control vibration and to find optimal position of piezoelectric actuator/sensor over a thin plate. To obtain frequency response from PZT actuators and sensors, Spectra plus software is used

Formulation Development of a Patient Friendly Dosage Form for Eye Drug Delivery: Kajal

Traditionally, kajal is known as kohl or surma and is used as eyeliner. Designing herbal kajal with medicinal plants as a cosmetics product is considered to bea novel, innovative technique. The main advantages of such a product are that it is patient friendly, water resistant, stable, and economical to formulate. Two medicinal plants, viz., Rosa rubiginosa and Triphala, were evaluated for their potential for sustained ocular delivery with the aim of formulating herbal kajal. Standardization of the herbs was performed based on different physiochemical parameters, and the obtained values were within the prescribed limits. On the basis of the selected parameters and its antimicrobial potential, herbal kajal was evaluated in comparison with comparable products

Comparative Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Aril Extracts of Punica granatum Fruits

A substanceor treatment with an anti-inflammatory propertyis one that reduces inflammation or swelling. The main objective of this study is to evaluate the anti-inflammatory activity of pomegranate aril extract on rat paw. The anti-inflammatory activity of pomegranate was tested on rats by employing the induced carrageenan rat paw edema method. Various concentrations of the arils and the aril mixture (1:1) were prepared by dissolving in hydroalcohol and alcohol to obtain final concentrations of 100 mg/kg, 200 mg/kg, and 400 mg/kg to betested against the organisms. The effectivity of granatin B inaqueous and alcoholic extracts of the arils of Punica granatum was calculated by measuring the increase in paw volume and the percent of inhibition by comparing with the control and the standard drug