7 research outputs found
Pump it Up workshop report
Workshop held 28-29 September 2017, Cape Cod, MAA two-day workshop was conducted to trade ideas and brainstorm about how to advance our understanding of the ocean’s biological pump. The goal was to identify the most important scientific issues that are unresolved but might be addressed with new and future technological advances
Conflicting Imaginaries of the Border: The Construction of African Asylum Seekers in the Israeli Political Discourse
Typhoid fever in children of low and high socieconomic strata: comparison of hygiene habits
Hygiene habits and carriers in families with a child who has had typhoid fever Hábitos de higiene y portadores en familias que tuvieron un niño con fiebre tifoÃdea Hábitos de higiene e portadores em famÃlias que tiveram uma criança com febre tifóide
The relationship between asymptomatic shedding of bacterial enteropathogens and the hygiene habits of families who have had a child with typhoid fever (TF) are investigated. The sample was made up of 80 families: 40 families in which one child had had TF (Group A) and 40 in which no children or either of the parents had had a history of TF (Group B). In each group 20 families belonged to a low socieconomic status (SES) and 20 to a high SES. A structured interview was used to evaluate the SES and the hygiene habits of the child; observations were made to measure the hygiene habits of the family (toilet, kitchen and food preparation) and bacteriological studies (fecal samples and hand markers). Results show that carriers were more frequent in Group A than in Group B. The bacterial species found were significantly more numerous in Group A than in Group B (fecal samples: E. coli, the classic serotypes, Shigella ssp, and hand markers: E. coli). Families of Group A had higher carriage rates than those of Group B. Finally there exists a significantly higher association between inadequate hygiene habits and carrier families. These results show the need to teach specific habits of proper hygiene to the entire population, because the fact of belonging to the high SES does not in itself preclude inadequate hygiene habits.<br>El objetivo de este estudio fue investigar las relaciones entre la presencia de portadores de agentes bacteriales enteropatógenos y la calidad de los hábitos de higiene en familias que han tenido o no un niño con fiebre tifoÃdea (TF). La muestra estuvo formada por 80 familias: 40 en las que hubo un niño con FT (grupo A) y 40 en las que ni los niños y sus padres habÃan tenido una historia de FT (grupo B). En cada grupo 20 familias pertenecÃan al nivel socieconómico bajo (NSE) y 20 al NSE alto. Se usó una entrevista estructurada para evaluar el NSE, los hábitos de higiene del niño; observaciones estructuradas para medir los hábitos de higiene de la familia (baño, cocina y preparación de alimentos) y estudios bacteriológicos (muestras fecales y marcadores de mano). Los resultados señalan que los portadores fueron más frecuentes en el grupo A que en el B. Las especies bacterianas fueron significativamente más en el grupo A que en el B (muestras fecales: E. coli, serotipos clásicos, Shigella ssp, y marcadores de mano: E. coli). Las familias del grupo A tenÃan tasas más altas de portación que aquellas del grupo B. Finalmente existe una asociaión significativamente alta entre los hábitos inadecuados de higiene y las familias portadoras. Estos resultados muestran la necesidad de enseñar hábitos especÃficos de higiene adecuada a toda la población, porque el solo hecho de pertenecer al NSE alto no previene los hábitos de higiene inadecuados.<br>Objetivou-se estudar a relação entre qualidade dos hábitos de higiene e presença de portadores de agentes bacterianos enteropatogenos, em famÃlias que tiveram ou não, uma criança com febre tifóide (FT). A amostra esteve constituÃda por 80 famÃlias: 40 com a presença , em cada uma, de uma criança com FT (Grupo A) e 40 em que nem as crianças e seus pais nunca tiveram história de FT (Grupo B). Em cada grupo, 20 famÃlias pertenciam ao nÃvel socioeconômico (NSE) baixo e 20 ao NSE alto. Para avaliar o NSE e os hábitos de higiene da criança foi utilizada entrevista estruturada; para medir os hábitos higiênicos da famÃlia (banho, cozinha e preparo dos alimentos) foram utilizadas observações estruturadas; e os estudos bacteriológicos foram realizados em amostras de fezes e marcadores de mão. Os resultados mostraram que no grupo A houve maior freqüência de portadores que no B. As espécies bacterianas foram significativamente mais freqüentes no Grupo A que no B (nas fezes: E. coli, serotipos clássicos, Shigella ssp; e em marcadores de mão: E. coli). As famÃlias do grupo A tiveram taxas altas de microorganismos que as do grupo B. Foi encontrada associação significativamente alta entre hábitos inadequados de higiene e as famÃlias portadoras. Os resultados mostraram a necessidade de ensinar hábitos especÃficos de higiene adequada a toda a população, pois somente o fato de pertencer ao NSE alto não previne os hábitos de higiene inadequados
Desnutrición infantil, coeficiente de desarrollo y su relación con el medio ambiente: un estudio piloto
Consumption as a Social Process
This article discusses consumption as a social process that is part of social provisioning and is in an evolutionary interplay with other social processes. The analysis provides grounds for a context-specific research that explores consumption in the context of a culture-nature life process, and draws on material from various disciplines. The article seeks to contribute to the literature on social provisioning as an organizing concept in heterodox economics. The first section explains what is meant by social process and delineates its elements. The second section formulates a categorization of social processes, and locates a consumption process within a system of culture-nature life processes. The rest of the article delineates the elements of the consumption process, providing illustrations based on literature from various disciplines. Specifically, the third section discusses consumption activities. The fourth section discusses institutions and systems of provision of goods and services. The fifth section applies the concept of habits of life and thought to the consumption process. Finally, the article concludes that the formulated analysis transcends dualisms such as social-economic, cultural-material, society-nature, and micro-macro, and draws implications for heterodox economics