The Solar Neighborhood XV: Discovery of New High Proper Motion Stars with mu >= 0.4"/yr between Declinations -47 degrees and 00 degrees

We report the discovery of 152 new high proper motion systems (mu >= 0.4"/yr) in the southern sky (Declination = -47 degrees to 00 degrees) brighter than UKST plate R_{59F} =16.5 via our SuperCOSMOS-RECONS (SCR) search. This paper complements Paper XII in The Solar Neighborhood series, which covered the region from Declination = -90 degrees to -47 degrees and discussed all 147 new systems from the southernmost phase of the search. Among the total of 299 systems from both papers, there are 148 (71 in Paper XII, 77 in this paper) new systems moving faster than 0.5"/yr that are additions to the classic ``LHS'' (Luyten Half Second) sample. These constitute an 8% increase in the sample of all stellar systems with mu >= 0.5"/yr in the southern sky. As in Paper XII, distance estimates are provided for the systems reported here based upon a combination of photographic plate magnitudes and 2MASS photometry, assuming all stars are on the main sequence. Two SCR systems from the portion of the sky included in this paper are anticipated to be within 10 pc, and an additional 23 are within 25 pc. In total, the results presented in Paper XII and here for this SCR sweep of the entire southern sky include five new systems within 10 pc and 38 more between 10 and 25 pc. The largest number of nearby systems have been found in the slowest proper motion bin, 0.6"/yr > mu >= 0.4"/yr, indicating that there may be a large population of low proper motion systems very near the Sun.Comment: 36 pages, 5 figures, accepted for publication in Astronomical Journa

What happened to the gains from strong productivity growth?

Over the past decade, the United States economy has experienced strong economic growth due in large part to a resurgence in productivity growth. Little attention has been paid, however, to examining how the gains from this growth have been distributed. In the past few years, observers have noted that the share of income paid to labor has been falling while corporate profits have surged. Also, observers have pointed out that income inequality appears to have widened, with little increase in real wages for low-income workers while executive pay has skyrocketed. Consequently, there has been a growing sentiment among the public that the average household is not sharing in the recent economic prosperity. ; Willis and Wroblewski examine how the gains from increased productivity growth have been distributed. Their analysis focuses on two questions: Has the increase in productivity growth led to a change in the income shares for capital and labor? And, has the strong productivity growth over the past decade led to a change in the distribution of income across households? ; The authors find that the shares of income allocated to labor and capital have been constant on average over the past 35 years. However, during the last decade of high productivity growth, low-income households have seen no increase in real income, and at most only the top 10 percent of the household income distribution experienced real income growth equal to or greater than average labor productivity growth.Productivity

Low Concentrations of Mercury Induce Changes in Ion Composition of Cultured Myoblasts

The effects of low concentrations (1 pM, 1 nM, 1 μM) of mercuric chloride on ion distribution in cultured myoblasts were analysed by energy dispersive X-ray microanalysis. An increase in intracellular sodium concentration was observed five minutes after addition of HgC12 to the culture medium. This increase was dose dependent and accompanied by a transient decrease in potassium concentration. Exposure to 1 nM and 1 μM HgC12 led to a two-fold increase in the cytoplasmic chlorine concentration. The higher HgC12 concentration (1 μM) induced morphological alterations in the form of cell membrane blebs, perforations and shrinkage or flattening of the myoblasts. It was concluded that even low concentrations of mercuric chloride cause elemental and morphological changes in cultured myoblasts, which may reflect effects of the metal on membrane permeability

Robustness of baryon-strangeness correlation and related ratios of susceptibilities

Using quenched lattice QCD simulations we investigate the continuum limit of baryon-strangeness correlation and other related conserved charge-flavour correlations for temperatures T_c<T\le2T_c. By working with lattices having large temporal extents (N_\tau=12, 10, 8, 4) we find that these quantities are almost independent of the lattice spacing, i.e, robust. We also find that these quantities have very mild dependence on the sea quark mass and acquire values which are very close to their respective ideal gas limits. Our results also confirm robustness of the Wroblewski parameter.Comment: Published versio

Migration to the Self: Education, Political Economy, and Religious Authority in Polish Communities

"Migration to the Self: Education, Political Economy, and Religious Authority in Polish Communities" examines the experiences of peasant labor migrants from the Polish lands as they moved across Europe and the United States in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, and notably how migrants narrated the changing labor conditions associated with capitalism. Rooted in interdisciplinary approaches to scholarship, I argue that the larger process of labor migration involved new ways of thinking about one's obligations to self and society, as well as the potential for imagining new forms of relationships between laypeople and clergy. Utilizing archival sources like diaries, memoirs, and letters, along with school textbooks and disciplinary records, visa applications, and life insurance claims, I consider four separate spaces where individuals encountered and weighed ideas of modern subjectivity: the school, the border, the mutual aid society, and the church. In so doing, I demonstrate that peasant migrants were both shaped by and actively shaping global economic forces, and that such trends had an impact on how migrants fashioned themselves as self-sufficient, upwardly mobile, and autonomous actors. Far from being a source of universality, however, I maintain that these individuals were participants in developing the structures of differentiation—the division of migrants into worthy and unworthy categories—that define border politics in the modern world.PHDHistoryUniversity of Michigan, Horace H. Rackham School of Graduate Studieshttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/145814/1/mwroblew_1.pd

Intracellular and Extracellular Elemental Composition of the Endolymphatic Sac Studied by X-Ray Microanalysis

X-ray microanalysis was performed along with light microscopy (LM) on rapidly frozen and cryo-sectioned endolymphatic sac tissues of adult guinea pigs, to determine the elemental composition of the different cell types in this tissue as well as the content of the sac lumen. The morphological preservation and spatial resolution of cryo-sectioned endolymphatic sac was found adequate for the identification of the different cell types of the sac in the transmission electron microscope. Further cell type identification was performed by comparing scanning transmission electron microscopy images with LM images on adjacent serial sections. X-ray microanalysis demonstrated differences between epithelial and sub-epithelial cells in the intracellular concentrations of sodium, chlorine, potassium, calcium, phosphorus and sulphur. Measurements performed in the lumen of the endolymphatic sac showed elevated sodium and decreased potassium levels as compared with the known levels of these elements in cochlear or vestibular endolymph. High phosphorus and sulphur levels were also found in the endolymph of the sac. Other morphological and analytical findings on the luminal content point out that otoconial destruction and cleaning of the endolymph from the cell debris and other products such as lipids and proteins take place in the endolymphatic sac. Our results suggest that the endolymphatic sac participates in fluid absorption (osmoregulation), ion transport and otoconial destruction. The data support the longitudinal flow theory of the endolymph

Utilization of homoplasy-free SINE markers to resolve the phylogeny of \u3ci\u3ePeromyscus\u3c/i\u3e species

The Peromyscus genus consists of over 50 recognized species, providing a rare opportunity to study evolutionary mechanisms of mammalian speciation, which is enhanced by phylogenetic analyses. We propose utilizing short interspersed DNA elements (SINEs) to assess the evolutionary history of Peromyscus as these markers provide a molecular fossil record since shared genomic integrations of elements correspond to descent from common ancestors. We have identified young SINEs from sequences of P. aztecus to advance our study by assessing for the presence of elements at fourteen orthologous loci among twelve species, including three separate P. aztecus individuals, one of which was used to generate a DNA library. Of fourteen SINE-containing loci analyzed, one locus yielded the expected size amplified by PCR for containing the insert in P. aztecus and additional species, supporting the potential of SINEs as phylogenetic markers. However, nine of the loci analyzed were specific to P. aztecus, including two loci specific to only one of the three P. aztecus individuals, consistent with being able to identify young SINEs from a genomic database and suggesting their continued activity and potential role in genome diversity and speciation