Variations in leaflet orientation among soybean cultivars

Significant variation was observed among five cultivars of soybeans (Glycine max L., Merr.) in the degree of leaflet orientation at two stages of growth. The degree of leaflet orientation of Ogden, Forrest, Essex, York and Dare was measured hourly beginning at 7:00 a.m. and continuing until 7:00 p.m. (EST) and 8:00 p.m. (EOT) during V10 and R3, respectively. The cultivars tended to change the vertical inclination of the center leaflets of a trifoliolate while keeping the horizontal inclination relatively constant, whereas, the reverse was true of the side leaflets. Maximum variation in leaf movement was noted from 10:00 a.m. until 5:00 p.m. During the V10 stage of growth Ogden and Essex exhibited the greatest amount of orientation while Forrest and Dare were intermediate and York exhibited the least response. During R3 Ogden attained and maintained the highest angle of orientation of the center leaflet followed by Essex and Forrest. Dare and York changed very little. Forrest, Dare and York exhibited the most horizontal movement of the side leaflets CR3) followed by Ogden and Essex which exhibited less movement. More variation was observed during the reproductive stage of growth than was observed during the vegetative stage. Analyses indicate that sufficient statistical information about the variation can be attained from two-days\u27 measurements. Potassium levels were significantly higher (P \u3e .01) in the pulvini of plants collected in the tense state than those from plants collected when pulvini were in the relaxed stage. The shifts in potassium concentration in the pulvinus apparently has some role in the bending and straightening of the pulvinus which in turn moves the leaflet. Some differences were observed among cultivars in the fine structure of the pulvinus but these differences could not be adequately defined in this study. The effects of light intensity, sun angle and ambient temperature on leaflet orientation of the soybean cultivars were negligible based on correlation and regression values

Letter from J. A. Wofford to Gen. W. S. Featherston. 23 January 1869

Letter sent from Washington; regarding case of Mississippi before the Reconstruction Committee, amendment on elections, constitution, Republican Party. Envelope.https://egrove.olemiss.edu/ciwar_corresp/1262/thumbnail.jp

Synthesis of atomically thin hexagonal boron nitride films on nickel foils by molecular beam epitaxy

Hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) is a layered two-dimensional material with properties that make it promising as a dielectric in various applications. We report the growth of h-BN films on Ni foils from elemental B and N using molecular beam epitaxy. The presence of crystalline h-BN over the entire substrate is confirmed by Raman spectroscopy. Atomic force microscopy is used to examine the morphology and continuity of the synthesized films. A scanning electron microscopy study of films obtained using shorter depositions offers insight into the nucleation and growth behavior of h-BN on the Ni substrate. The morphology of h-BN was found to evolve from dendritic, star-shaped islands to larger, smooth triangular ones with increasing growth temperature

Studying the spatial distribution of interstellar dust

The spacial distribution of interstellar dust reflects both interstellar dynamics and the processes which form and destroy dust in the interstellar medium (ISM). The IRAS survey, because of its high sensitivity to thermal emission from dust in the IR, provides new approaches to determining the spatial distribution of dust. The initial results are reported of an attempt to use the IRAS data to probe the spatial distribution of dust - by searching for thermal emission from dust in the vicinity of bright stars. These results show that this technique (which relies on finding IR emission associated with randomly selected stars) can ultimately be used to study the distribution of dust in the ISM. The density of the cloud producing the IR emission may be derived by assuming that the dust is at its projected distance from the star and that the heating is due to the star's (known) radiation field. The heating radiation is folded into a grain model, and the number of emitting grains adjusted to reproduce the observed energy distribution. It is noted that this technique is capable in principle of detecting dust densities much lower than those typical of the cirrus clouds

Molecular Dynamics in Hydrogen‐bonded Interactions: A Preliminary Experimentally Determined Harmonic Stretching Force Field for HCN‐‐‐HF

Observation of the 2ν1 overtone band in the hydrogen‐bonded complex HCN‐‐‐HF permits evaluation of the anharmonicity constant X 1 1=−116.9(1) cm− 1 and determination of the anharmonicity corrected fundamental frequency ω1. This information, and available data from previous rovibrational analyses in the common and perdeuterated isotopic species of HCN‐‐‐HF, offer an opportunity for calculation of an approximate stretching harmonic force field. With the assumptions f 1 2=f 2 4=0.0, the remaining force constants (in mdyn/Å) are evaluated as: f 1 1=8.600(20), f 2 2=6.228(9), f 3 3=19.115(40), f 4 4=0.2413(39), f 1 3=0.000(13), f 1 4=0.0343(2), f 2 3=−0.211(6), f 3 4=0.000(2). These compare to f 1 1=9.658(2) in the HF monomer and f 1 1=6.244(3) and f 3 3=18.707(16) in the HCN monomer. These results provide the information necessary to quantitatively assess the applicability of the Cummings and Wood approximation in this hydrogen‐bonded complex and also give an estimate of D e j , the equilibrium distortion constant in the harmonic limit. Comparisons of these experimentally determined parameters with the predictions of a b i n i t i o molecular orbital calculations at several levels of approximation are presented

EXAMINING THE PREDICTIVE VALIDITY OF THE MALTREATMENT AND ABUSE CHRONOLOGY OF EXPOSURE SCALE ON INTERNALIZING SYMPTOMS

Although childhood maltreatment has been well researched, and there are many assessments of childhood maltreatment, they are fragmented and the Maltreatment and Abuse Chronology of Exposure Scale (MACE) was developed to address this problem, as it captures 10 types of childhood maltreatment along with ages of exposure. Childhood maltreatment, specifically psychological maltreatment, has also been connected to internalizing symptoms of depression and anxiety. This study was developed to examine the predictive validity of the MACE by administering the MACE and a measure of internalizing symptoms, the Depression and Anxiety Stress Scale-21 (DASS-21), to participants and examining the relationships between the scores on the MACE and the DASS-21. Canonical correlation was used to examine the relationships between the MACE subscales and the DASS-21 categories of Depression, Anxiety, and Stress. Scores on the MACE, especially in categories of emotional abuse and neglect, were significantly related to scores of Stress, Anxiety, and Depression. Additionally, responses to the MACE were broken into three categories of early childhood (1-5), middle childhood (6-12), and late childhood (13-18), to examine which categories of abuse would be the most strongly related to internalizing symptoms. The analyses for middle and late childhood were significant and followed the same pattern, with the scales for emotional abuse and neglect being the strongest related to the symptoms of Stress, Anxiety, and Depression. These results provide support for the accuracy of the MACE in capturing many types of childhood maltreatment and can effectively predict scores of internalizing symptoms, and provide support for the use of the MACE in both research and clinical counseling practice