Epigenetic Transitions and Knotted Solitons in Stretched Chromatin

The spreading and regulation of epigenetic marks on chromosomes is crucial to establish and maintain cellular identity. Nonetheless, the dynamical mechanism leading to the establishment and maintenance of a given, cell-line specific, epigenetic pattern is still poorly understood. In this work we propose, and investigate in silico, a possible experimental strategy to illuminate the interplay between 3D chromatin structure and epigenetic dynamics. We consider a set-up where a reconstituted chromatin fibre is stretched at its two ends (e.g., by laser tweezers), while epigenetic enzymes (writers) and chromatin-binding proteins (readers) are flooded into the system. We show that, by tuning the stretching force and the binding affinity of the readers for chromatin, the fibre undergoes a sharp transition between a stretched, epigenetically disordered, state and a crumpled, epigenetically coherent, one. We further investigate the case in which a knot is tied along the chromatin fibre, and find that the knotted segment enhances local epigenetic order, giving rise to "epigenetic solitons" which travel and diffuse along chromatin. Our results point to an intriguing coupling between 3D chromatin topology and epigenetic dynamics, which may be investigated via single molecule experiments.Comment: Accepted version; Supplementary movies can be found at http://www2.ph.ed.ac.uk/~dmichiel/KnottedSolitons.html and https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Osghh9nEhe

Technology Roadmap: A Roadmap for Tesla

By the increased use of fossil fuels on day-to-day life, there is a huge impact on the environment because of the carbon emissions emitted from these vehicles. Hence, there increased a need for alternate energy for vehicles. For the success of adopting the electric vehicle in the market, this report helps in enlightening the need for replacing the conventional vehicles by electric cars in the current world of technology and also extends it by constructing the roadmap for the pioneer of electric vehicles – Tesla motors. The competitors for Tesla are not just electric vehicles but they are bigger firms such as Audi, Mercedes, etc. which manufacture a higher range of comfort cars which run on conventional energy. One of the biggest hurdles faced by the electric vehicle market is the lack of running the EV vehicle for a long range on a single charge and replacement of conventional vehicles in the market by electric cars. The goal is to analyze the current situation of electric car adoption, to analyze the current status of the EV technology, and to prepare a roadmap on how they are going to reach their goal of successfully being a pioneer in automobile industry

A Design Process Approach to Strategic Production Planning for Industry 4.0

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Kaiser Permanente Internet of Things (IoT) Roadmap

The Internet of Things (IoTs) program has been the most successful program for any organization in order to analyze the data and use those data to build a successful company. The healthcare market has consistently grown over time due to population growth, high economic growth, and the availability of technology. This paper is developed about Kaiser Permanente one of the biggest healthcare organization in the US. This organization is not just a hospital; it’s a giant healthcare and insurance provider at the same time. The objective of this research is therefore to create a technology roadmap for the business to prioritize the characteristics of the product. The Kaiser Permanente’s technology roadmap is created by taking into account four variables, namely product characteristics, market drivers, resources, and technology. Also, these variables are mapped together to create a general roadmap for technology. The roadmap is also split into a time frame of short-term and long-term objectives