Impact of long-lasting insecticide-incorporated screens on colorado potato beetle and plum curculio

The efficacy and behavior effects of long-lasting insecticide-incorporated screens (LLIS; polyolefin containing deltamethrin) were tested under laboratory conditions against two important pests (Leptinotarsa decemlineata and Conotrachelus nenuphar). Four Vestergaard ZeroFly® LLISs of different specifications were evaluated: trial batches JLCB061009, SPSA 6616, ZeroFly Greenhouse (B), and ZeroFly Greenhouse (G). Two control products were also included: ZeroFly Screen Greenhouse White with no insecticide and a standard commercial fiberglass insect screen. Contact bioassays revealed that all treated LLIS products, except JLCB061009, provided >90% mortality within 24 h of exposure for both susceptible (New Jersey, USA) and resistant (Long Island, NY, USA) L. decemlineata colonies. The LT50 values for the LLISs ranged from 30 to 51 min. Behavioral tests revealed that L. decemlineata adults were unable to feed on potato leaflets in all treatments except in the case of JLCB061009. In the contact bioassays conducted on C. nenuphar, the maximum mortality (98%) was observed with ZeroFly Greenhouse (B). There was no feeding scar on any apples in all treatments except JLCB061009. LLISs provided a high level of protection against Colorado potato beetle and plum curculio under laboratory conditions. Further studies with different species and under field conditions are needed to determine the full potential of LLISs for agricultural pest management. © TÜBİTAK

The effects of non-host plant extracts on electroantennogram responses, behavior and egg hatching of codling moth, Cydia pomonella

The codling moth (Cydia pomonella L.) is a significant pest of pome fruit throughout the world. Behavioral and ovicidal activities of five non-host plant extracts (Arctium lappa, Bifora radians, Humulus lupulus, Verbascum songaricum, Xanthium strumarium), synthetic sex pheromone, (E,E)-8,10-dodecadienol (codlemone), and the plant volatile lure, (2E,4Z)-2,4-decadienoate (pear ester) were evaluated against the codling moth, C. pomonella L. Codlemone elicited the greatest electroantennogram (EAG) response (6.2 ± 1.2 mV) of the compounds tested from male C. pomonella while pear ester elicited 1.7 ± 0.1 mV EAG response in female moths. Codlemone attracted 34.5% of male C. pomonella in olfactometer studies, and it was followed by the X. strumarium extract with 24.8%. There was a significant difference between the behavior of unmated and mated females. V. songaricum extract was the most active extract, attracting 25.4% of unmated females. However, mated C. pomonella females exhibited greatest attraction to pear ester. In a wind tunnel bioassay, combining X. strumarium with codlemone significantly increased the response of male upwind flight and source contact as compared with codlemone alone. All plant extracts, except for V. songaricum, significantly reduced the number of eggs laid. The plant extracts exhibited some toxic effects to eggs, and hatching rate of eggs was reduced as compared with the control. Our results indicate that some of the plant extracts tested are potential candidates for practical use after elucidation and characterization of active compound(s). © 2018, Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature