Effect of continuous positive urine ketone body on clinical outcomes of pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus and newborn

Objective·To explore the effect of continuous positive urine ketone body in pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) on the maternal and infant outcomes.Methods·A total of 168 GDM pregnant women who attended the Nutrition Clinic of the International Peace Maternal & Child Health Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine from January 2021 to January 2022 and gave birth in the hospital were selected as the study subjects. According to the difference of urine ketone body test results in prenatal examination, they were divided into ketone body-positive group (56 cases, the pregnant women had ketone body test positive for three times or more after the diagnosis of GDM) and ketone body-negative group (112 cases, the ketone body test was continuously negative after the diagnosis of GDM). The general information included clinical data and laboratory indicators of pregnant women and clinical outcomes of pregnant women and their newborns were collected and compared.Results·There were no statistically significant differences in clinical data and laboratory indicators of pregnant women between the two groups, among which the body mass index before pregnancy, weight change before diagnosis of GDM, family history of diabetes mellitus, history of GDM, total cholesterol and triacylglycerol levels in the early pregnancy, fasting blood glucose and insulin levels in the middle pregnancy had no significant correlation with the production of urine ketone body. The results of clinical outcome indicators of pregnant women showed that there were statistically significant differences in weight change (P=0.000; RR=6.000, 95% CI 1.251‒28.777) and rate of weight gain (P=0.000; RR=1.829, 95% CI 1.132‒2.953) after diagnosis of GDM between the two groups. The results of neonatal clinical outcome indicators showed that there was statistically significant difference in the neonatal hospitalization rate (P=0.023; RR=2.167, 95% CI 1.059‒4.434) between the two groups; among them, there were 4 adverse events in the ketone body positive group and no such adverse events in the ketone body negative group.Conclusion·The continuous positive urine ketone body of pregnant women with GDM may increase the risk of insufficient weight gain in pregnant women and neonatal hospitalization. It is recommended to timely detect and intervene in clinical practice

BumbleBee: Secure Two-party Inference Framework for Large Transformers

Large transformer-based models have realized state- of-the-art performance on lots of real-world tasks such as natural language processing and computer vision. However, with the increasing sensitivity of the data and tasks they handle, privacy has become a major concern during model deployment. In this work, we focus on private inference in two-party settings, where one party holds private inputs and the other holds the model. We introduce BumbleBee, a fast and communication-friendly two-party private transformer inference system. Our contributions are three-fold: Firstly, we present optimized homomorphic encryption-based proto- cols that enable the multiplication of large matrices with 80 – 90% less communication cost than existing methods. Secondly, we offer a general method for designing efficient and accurate protocols for non-linear activation functions in transformers. Our activation protocols have demonstrated speed and reduced the communication overhead by 80 – 95% over two existing methods. Finally, we conducted intensive benchmarks on several large transformer models. Results show that BumbleBee is more than one order of magnitude faster than Iron (NeurIPS22)

Identification and characterization of microRNAs expressed in the African malaria vector Anopheles funestus life stages using high throughput sequencing

Background: Over the past several years, thousands of microRNAs (miRNAs) have been identified in the genomes of various insects through cloning and sequencing or even by computational prediction. However, the number of miRNAs identified in anopheline species is low and little is known about their role. The mosquito Anopheles funestus is one of the dominant malaria vectors in Africa, which infects and kills millions of people every year. Therefore, small RNA molecules isolated from the four life stages (eggs, larvae, pupae and unfed adult females) of An. funestus were sequenced using next generation sequencing technology. Results: High throughput sequencing of four replicates in combination with computational analysis identified 107 mature miRNA sequences expressed in the An. funestus mosquito. These include 20 novel miRNAs without sequence identity in any organism and eight miRNAs not previously reported in the Anopheles genus but are known in non-anopheles mosquitoes. Finally, the changes in the expression of miRNAs during the mosquito development were determined and the analysis showed that many miRNAs have stage-specific expression, and are co-transcribed and co-regulated during development. Conclusions: This study presents the first direct experimental evidence of miRNAs in An. funestus and the first profiling study of miRNA associated with the maturation in this mosquito. Overall, the results indicate that miRNAs play important roles during the growth and development. Silencing such molecules in a specific life stage could decrease the vector population and therefore interrupt malaria transmission.IS

P1dB optimization methodology for 130 nm SiGe BiCMOS 60GHz power amplifier

A four-stage cascade power amplifier (PA) in 60 GHz industrial scientific medical (ISM) band is realized in 130 nm SiGe BiCMOS process. The PA employs single-ended topology with transistors in common-emitter. The design methodology of output referred 1-dB compression point (P1dB) oriented load pull is adopted in this PA. The matching circuit in each stage is composed of MIM capacitors and inductors implemented by coplanar waveguide with ground (CPWG). The chip area including pads is 1.08 mm × 0.42 mm. The measured results show the PA provides power gain of 17.3 dB, P1dB of 13.5 dBm, saturated output power (P sat) of 15.1 dBm and power added-efficiency (PAE) of 16% at 60 GHz. The PA consumes 190 mW from the 1.8 V power supply. Small signal measurements indicate that the PA covers the whole license free 60 GHz band

Recognize the role of CD146/MCAM in the osteosarcoma progression: an in vitro study

Abstract Background Osteosarcoma (OS) is a common malignant bone tumor with poor prognosis. We previously reviewed that CD146 is correlated with multiple cancer progression, while its impact on OS is currently not systematically studied. Methods MG63 was transfected with lentivirus to express CD146 ectopically, and anti-CD146 neutralizing antibody ab75769 was used to inhibit 143B. Cyclic migration of MG63 and co-culture between MG63 and 143B were used to explore the role of OS malignancy in CD146 expression. The effect of OS cell medium (CM) on endothelium behaviors was assessed, and the expression changes of CD146 before and after co-culture of endothelium and OS were evaluated. Finally, the expression of CD146 in OS was detected under different culture conditions, including hyperoxia, low oxygen, high glucose and low glucose conditions. Results CD146 promoted the colony formation, migration, invasion and homotypic adhesion of OS cells, and reducing the concentration of soluble CD146 in the OS medium inhibited the proliferation, migration and lumen formation of the cultured endothelium. However, CD146 did not affect the adhesion between OS and endothelium, nor did co-culture of both sides affect the CD146 expression. Similarly, the proliferation, migration and CD146 expression of MG63 remained unchanged after many cycles of migration itself, as did its co-culture with 143B for expressing CD146. In addition, we also showed that high glucose promoted the expression of CD146 in OS, while hypoxia had the opposite effect. Conclusions These findings demonstrate that CD146 promotes OS progression by mediating pro-tumoral and angiogenic effects. Thus, CD146 could be a potential therapeutic target for OS, especially for OS patients with diabetes

Pine sawdust as algal biofilm biocarrier for wastewater treatment and algae-based byproducts production

Currently, excellent algal biofilm carriers were costly and difficult to be obtained, their nutrients removal capacities have also not been valued. In this study, pine sawdust was utilized as algal biofilm biocarriers for wastewater treatment in a self-designed photo-bioreactor. Treatment by suspended culture was conducted as control. The nutrient removal efficiency, algal biomass production and biochemical composition were characterized. Carrier behavior before and after treatment was also evaluated. Results indicated that 96.95% of chemical oxygen demand (COD) and 97.16% of total phosphorus (TP) in synthetic wastewater as well as 95.54% of total nitrogen (TN) and 96.10% of NH -N in real wastewater were removed by Chlorella vulgaris biofilm. Chlorella vulgaris performed the best in the production of biomass (8.10 g‧m‧day) and value-added products (lipid: 1.08 g‧m‧day, biodiesel: 0.081 g‧m‧day) during synthetic wastewater treatment. Meanwhile, Chlorella vulgaris biofilm performed better in biomass production (5.53 vs. 2.36 g‧m‧day), nutrients removal and biodiesel production (186.33 vs. 44.57 mg‧m‧day) than its suspended culture during the real wastewater treatment. In addition, pine sawdust was not only a biocarrier for the robust growth of algal biofilm, but also a bio-sorbent for nutrients removal (23.60%, 37.30%, 41.08% and 17.07% for COD, TN, NH -N and TP removal) from wastewater. The biocarrier itself could also be pretreated by the treatment process and be beneficial to its energy conversion. The results of the present study fully illustrated the feasibility and broad applicability of using this biocarrier based biofilm technology for algal biomass and value-added byproducts production and wastewater treatment

High pressure γ-to-β phase transition in bulk and nanocrystalline In₂Se₃

<p>Pressure-dependent phase transitions of In₂Se₃ bulk powders and nanowire samples were studied at room temperature using synchrotron X-ray diffraction and a diamond anvil cell. γ-In₂Se₃, metastable under ambient conditions, transforms into to the stable high pressure β phase between 2.8 and 3.2 GPa in bulk powder samples and at slightly higher pressures, between 3.2 and 3.7 GPa, in nanowire samples. While the γ phase bulk modulus is similar to that of the β phase, the decrease due to pressure in the unit cell parameter ratio, <i>c/a,</i> is less than half the decrease seen in the β phase. First-principles calculations show that γ-In₂Se₃ has a higher energy and unit-cell volume than β-In₂Se₃, consistent with the experimental observations.</p