6,291 research outputs found
Southwest Research Institute assistance to NASA in biomedical areas of the technology utilization program Cumulative quarterly report, 1 Oct. 1967 - 31 Mar. 1968
Quarterly operations summary of center for selective dissemination of biomedical information within Technology Utilization progra
The Tokyo War Crimes Trial, 1946-1948: The Case for the Defense
Between April 29, 1946 and November 12, 1948 the
International Military Tribunal for the Far East convened
in Tokyo to try twenty-eight Japanese prewar and wartime
leaders accused of war crimes. Eleven Allied countries
formed the Tribunal. The International Military Tribunal
for the Far East sentenced seven Japanese to death, sixteen
to life imprisonment terms and two to terms of seven and
sixteen years imprisonment.
The primary problem with the Tokyo War Crimes Trial
was the nature of the charges against the Japanese accused.
Some of the defendants were certainly guilty of the alleged
violations of the laws of war. The accused, however,
were tried not only on conventional war crimes charges,
as recognized by international law, but on ex post facto
counts which were unnecessary to attain convictions. The
charges of Crimes against Peace and Crimes against Humanity
had no basis in international law. The outcome and
historical judgment of the trial would appear far different
had the Japanese been tried only on conventional war crimes
charges.
Whether one believes the defendants innocent or
guilty of war crimes, the International Military Tribunal
for the Far East proceedings were hardly a model of
impartiality. The rules of trial procedure, the nature
of the evidence and the court's bias in favor of the
prosecution precluded a fair trial by American standards.
The Tokyo Tribunal, for example, admitted hearsay evidence,
permitted leading questions and required testimony by
affidavit which prevented cross-examination of the witnesses.
If defeated American war leaders had faced trial on the
Tokyo standard, the outcry would have been enormous
A model for the submarine depthkeeping team
The most difficult task the depthkeeping team must face occurs during periscope-depth operations during which they may be required to maintain a submarine several hundred feet long within a foot of ordered depth and within one-half degree of ordered pitch. The difficulty is compounded by the facts that wave generated forces are extremely high, depth and pitch signals are very noisy and submarine speed is such that overall dynamics are slow. A mathematical simulation of the depthkeeping team based on the optimal control models is described. A solution of the optimal team control problem with an output control restriction (limited display to each controller) is presented
Pilot cryo tunnel: Attachments, seals, and insulation
Several different tests are described which simulated the actual configuration of a cryogenic wind tunnel operating at pressures up to 5 atmospheres (507 kPa) and temperatures from -320 F (78K) to 120 F (322K) in order to determine compatible bolting, adequate sealing, and effective insulating materials. The evaluation of flange attachments (continuous threaded studs) considered bolting based on compatible flanges, attachment materials, and prescribed bolt elongations. Various types of seals and seal configurations were studied to determine suitability and reusability under the imposed pressure and temperature loadings. The temperature profile was established for several materials used for structural supports
Southwest Research Institute assistance to NASA in biomedical areas of the technology utilization program Quarterly progress report, 1 Jul. - 30 Sep. 1968
Southwest Research Institute activites in NASA technology utilization program for biomedical use, 1 Jul. - 30 Sep. 196
Southwest Research Institute assistance to NASA in biomedical areas of the technology utilization program Cumulative quarterly report, 1 Apr. - 30 Jun. 1968
Biomedical applications of NASA science and technolog
THE FUTURE OF FEDERAL PROGRAMS FOR SOUTHERN COMMODITIES
Political Economy,
A Preliminary Investigation of Supercharging an Air-Cooled Engine in Flight
This report presents the results of preliminary tests made on the effects of supercharging an air-cooled engine under airplane flight conditions. Service training airplanes were used in the investigation equipped with production types of Wright J engines. A N.A.C.A. Roots type supercharger was driven from the rear of the engine. In addition to measuring those quantities that would enable the determination of the climb performance, measurements were made of the cylinder-head temperatures and the carburetor pressures and temperatures. The supercharging equipment was not removed from the airplane when making flights without supercharging, but a by-pass valve, which controlled the amount of supercharging by returning to the atmosphere the surplus air delivered by the supercharger, was left full open. With the supercharger so geared that ground-level pressure could be maintained to 18,500 feet, it was found that the absolute ceiling was increased from 19,400 to 32,600 feet, that the time to climb to 16,00 feet was decreased from 32 to 16 minutes, and that this amount of supercharging apparently did not injure the engine. (author
Lymphotoxins and cytomegalovirus cooperatively induce interferon-beta, establishing host-virus détente
Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-related cytokines regulate cell death and survival and provide strong selective pressures for viruses, such as cytomegalovirus (CMV), to evolve counterstrategies in order to persist in immune-competent hosts. Signaling by the lymphotoxin (LT)-β receptor or TNF receptor-1, but not Fas or TRAIL receptors, inhibits the cytopathicity and replication of human CMV by a nonapoptotic, reversible process that requires nuclear factor κB (NF-κB)-dependent induction of interferon-β (IFN-β). Efficient induction of IFN-β requires virus infection and LT signaling, demonstrating the need for both host and viral factors in the curtailment of viral replication without cellular elimination. LTα-deficient mice and LTβR-Fc transgenic mice were profoundly susceptible to murine CMV infection. Together, these results reveal an essential and conserved role for LTs in establishing host defense to CMV
Study of several factors affecting crew escape trajectories from the Space Shuttle Orbiter at low-subsonic speeds
Factors affecting the bailout characteristics from the space shuttle orbiter at low-subsonic speeds were investigated. In the 12-foot low-speed tunnel and the 4 by 7-meter tunnel with 0.03-scale models. The effect of crew-model exit velocity, body position, and body weight were studied with egress from the main side hatch with the orbiter upright and from the upper cabin hatch with the orbiter inverted. Crew model drag and flow field measurements around the orbiter were estimated. The high-angle-of-attack trim characteristics of the orbiter was determined by force tests in an attempt to improve bailout conditions. A computer simulation was made to evaluate the maneuver necessary to attain the high-angle-of-attack trim
- …