WT1 Recruits TET2 to Regulate Its Target Gene Expression and Suppress Leukemia Cell Proliferation

The TET2 DNA dioxygenase regulates cell identity and suppresses tumorigenesis by modulating DNA methylation and expression of a large number of genes. How TET2, like most other chromatin modifying enzymes, is recruited to specific genomic sites is unknown. Here we report that WT1, a sequence-specific transcription factor, is mutated in a mutually exclusive manner with TET2, IDH1 and IDH2 in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). WT1 physically interacts with and recruits TET2 to its target genes to activate their expression. The interaction between WT1 and TET2 is disrupted by multiple AML-derived TET2 mutations. TET2 suppresses leukemia cell proliferation and colony formation in a manner dependent on WT1. These results provide a mechanism for targeting TET2 to specific DNA sequence in the genome. Our results also provide an explanation for the mutual exclusivity of WT1 and TET2 mutations in AML and suggest an IDH1/2-TET2-WT1 pathway in suppressing AML

Study on Growth Kinetics of CdSe Nanocrystals with a New Model

A model which involves both bulk diffusion process and surface reaction process has been developed for describing the growth behaviour of nanoparticles. When the model is employed, hypothesising that either of the processes alone dominates the overall growth process is unnecessary. Conversely, the relative magnitude of contributions from both processes could be obtained from the model. Using this model in our system, the growth process of CdSe QDs demonstrated two different growth stages. During the first stage, the growth of CdSe QDs was dominated by bulk diffusion, whereas, neither the bulk diffusion process nor the surface reaction process could be neglected during the later stage. At last, we successfully modelled the Ostwald ripening of CdSe QDs with LSW theories

Atomistic Study of Mechanical Behaviors of Carbon Honeycombs

With an ultralarge surface-to-volume ratio, a recently synthesized three-dimensional graphene structure, namely, carbon honeycomb, promises important engineering applications. Herein, we have investigated, via molecular dynamics simulations, its mechanical properties, which are inevitable for its integrity and desirable for any feasible implementations. The uniaxial tension and nanoindentation behaviors are numerically examined. Stress–strain curves manifest a transformation of covalent bonds of hinge atoms when they are stretched in the channel direction. The load–displacement curve in nanoindentation simulation implies the hardness and Young’s modulus to be 50.9 GPa and 461±9 GPa, respectively. Our results might be useful for material and device design for carbon honeycomb-based systems

The Effect of Thin Film Fabrication Techniques on the Performance of rGO Based NO2 Gas Sensors at Room Temperature

Reduced graphene oxide (rGO) has attracted enormous interest as a promising candidate material for gas detection due to its large specific surface areas. In our work, rGO films were fabricated on a large scale using dip-coating and spin-coating methods for the detection of nitrogen dioxide (NO2) gas at room temperature. The influence of different test environments on the sensing performance, including the test atmosphere, gas flow and gas pressure was evaluated. The response time of the dip-coating method was 573 s with a long recovery period of 639 s and for the spin-coating method, the response time and recovery time was 386 s and 577 s, respectively. In addition, the spin-coated sensor exhibited high selectivity to NO2, with the response increasing by more than 20% (for 15 ppm NO2) as compared with that for HCHO, NH3, and CH4. Our results indicated that the spin coating method was more suitable for rGO-based gas sensors with higher performance

The Effect of Thin Film Fabrication Techniques on the Performance of rGO Based NO₂ Gas Sensors at Room Temperature

Reduced graphene oxide (rGO) has attracted enormous interest as a promising candidate material for gas detection due to its large specific surface areas. In our work, rGO films were fabricated on a large scale using dip-coating and spin-coating methods for the detection of nitrogen dioxide (NO2) gas at room temperature. The influence of different test environments on the sensing performance, including the test atmosphere, gas flow and gas pressure was evaluated. The response time of the dip-coating method was 573 s with a long recovery period of 639 s and for the spin-coating method, the response time and recovery time was 386 s and 577 s, respectively. In addition, the spin-coated sensor exhibited high selectivity to NO2, with the response increasing by more than 20% (for 15 ppm NO2) as compared with that for HCHO, NH3, and CH4. Our results indicated that the spin coating method was more suitable for rGO-based gas sensors with higher performance

A Review of Current Development of Graphene Mechanics

Graphene, a two-dimensional carbon in honeycomb crystal with single-atom thickness, possesses extraordinary properties and fascinating applications. Graphene mechanics is very important, as it relates to the integrity and various nanomechanical behaviors including flexing, moving, rotating, vibrating, and even twisting of graphene. The relationship between the strain and stress plays an essential role in graphene mechanics. Strain can dramatically influence the electronic and optical properties, and could be utilized to engineering those properties. Furthermore, graphene with specific kinds of defects exhibit mechanical enhancements and thus the electronic enhancements. In this short review, we focus on the current development of graphene mechanics, including tension and compression, fracture, shearing, bending, friction, and dynamics properties of graphene from both experiments and numerical simulations. We also touch graphene derivatives, including graphane, graphone, graphyne, fluorographene, and graphene oxide, which carve some fancy mechanical properties out from graphene. Our review summarizes the current achievements of graphene mechanics, and then shows the future prospects