9,882 research outputs found
Roadmap on the theoretical work of BinaMIcS
We review the different theoretical challenges concerning magnetism in
interacting binary or multiple stars that will be studied in the BinaMIcS
(Binarity and Magnetic Interactions in various classes of Stars) project during
the corresponding spectropolarimetric Large Programs at CFHT and TBL. We
describe how completely new and innovative topics will be studied with BinaMIcS
such as the complex interactions between tidal flows and stellar magnetic
fields, the MHD star-star interactions, and the role of stellar magnetism in
stellar formation and vice versa. This will strongly modify our vision of the
evolution of interacting binary and multiple stars.Comment: 2 pages, proceeding of IAUS 302 Magnetic fields throughout stellar
evolution, correct list of author
High-resolution spectropolarimetric observations of hot subdwarfs
We report on high-resolution spectropolarimetric observations of the hot
subdwarf stars HD 76431 and Feige 66, using the ESPaDOnS echelle
spectropolarimeter at CFHT. We compute cross-correlation Stokes I and V line
profiles to enhance the signal-to-noise ratio. We then average all available
cross-correlation profiles of each star to further decrease the noise level.
Although both targets were previously reported to host kilo-gauss magnetic
fields, we do not derive any evidence of large-scale photospheric fields from
our sets of observations, in spite of tight error bars on the longitudinal
field of the order of 60 gauss for HD 76431 and 200 gauss for Feige 66. A new
analysis of FORS1 observations of HD 76431, which provided the basis for the
original claim of field detection, confirms the absence of any detectable
Zeeman signature, with an error bar of about 100 gauss on the longitudinal
magnetic field.Comment: Proceedings of the fifth meeting on hot subdwarf stars and related
object
Searching for links between magnetic fields and stellar evolution. I. A survey of magnetic fields in open cluster A- and B-type stars with FORS1
About 5% of upper main sequence stars are permeated by a strong magnetic
field, the origin of which is still matter of debate.
With this work we provide observational material to study how magnetic fields
change with the evolution of stars on the main sequence, and to constrain
theory explaining the presence of magnetic fields in A and B-type stars.
Using FORS1 in spectropolarimetric mode at the ESO VLT, we have carried out a
survey of magnetic fields in early-type stars belonging to open clusters and
associations of various ages.
We have measured the magnetic field of 235 early-type stars with a typical
uncertainty of about 100 G. In our sample, 97 stars are Ap or Bp stars. For
these targets, the median error bar of our field measurements was about 80 G. A
field has been detected in about 41 of these stars, 37 of which were not
previously known as magnetic stars. For the 138 normal A and B-type stars, the
median error bar was 136 G, and no field was detected in any of them.Comment: Accepted by A&A; 15 pages (article)+15 pages (tables), 8 figure
How unique is Plaskett's star? A search for organized magnetic fields in short period, interacting or post-interaction massive binary systems
Amongst O-type stars with detected magnetic fields, the fast rotator in the
close binary called Plaskett's star shows a variety of unusual properties.
Since strong binary interactions are believed to have occurred in this system,
one may wonder about their potential role in generating magnetic fields. Stokes
V spectra collected with the low-resolution FORS2 and high-resolution ESPaDOnS
and Narval spectropolarimeters were therefore used to search for magnetic
fields in 15 interacting or post-interaction massive binaries. No magnetic
field was detected in any of them, with 0G always being within 2sigma of the
derived values. For 17 out of 25 stars in the systems observed at
high-resolution, the 90% upper limit on the individual dipolar fields is below
the dipolar field strength of Plaskett's secondary; a similar result is found
for five out of six systems observed at low resolution. If our sample is
considered to form a group of stars sharing similar magnetic properties, a
global statistical analysis results in a stringent upper limit of ~200G on the
dipolar field strength. Moreover, the magnetic incidence rate in the full
sample of interacting or post-interaction systems (our targets + Plaskett's
star) is compatible with that measured from large surveys, showing that they
are not significantly different from the general O-star population. These
results suggest that binary interactions play no systematic role in the
magnetism of such massive systems.Comment: 11 pages, accepted for publication in MNRA
Improving LIGO calibration accuracy by tracking and compensating for slow temporal variations
Calibration of the second-generation LIGO interferometric gravitational-wave
detectors employs a method that uses injected periodic modulations to track and
compensate for slow temporal variations in the differential length response of
the instruments. These detectors utilize feedback control loops to maintain
resonance conditions by suppressing differential arm length variations. We
describe how the sensing and actuation functions of these servo loops are
parameterized and how the slow variations in these parameters are quantified
using the injected modulations. We report the results of applying this method
to the LIGO detectors and show that it significantly reduces systematic errors
in their calibrated outputs.Comment: 13 pages, 8 figures. This is an author-created, un-copyedited version
of an article published in Classical and Quantum Gravity. IOP Publishing Ltd
is not responsible for any errors or omissions in this version of the
manuscript or any version derived from i
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A model-based assessment of the effects of projected climate change on the water resources of Jordan
This paper is concerned with the quantification of the likely effect of anthropogenic climate change on the water resources of Jordan by the end of the twenty-first century. Specifically, a suite of hydrological models are used in conjunction with modelled outcomes from a regional climate model, HadRM3, and a weather generator to determine how future flows in the upper River Jordan and in the Wadi Faynan may change. The results indicate that groundwater will play an important role in the water security of the country as irrigation demands increase. Given future projections of reduced winter rainfall and increased near-surface air temperatures, the already low groundwater recharge will decrease further. Interestingly, the modelled discharge at the Wadi Faynan indicates that extreme flood flows will increase in magnitude, despite a decrease in the mean annual rainfall. Simulations projected no increase in flood magnitude in the upper River Jordan. Discussion focuses on the utility of the modelling framework, the problems of making quantitative forecasts and the implications of reduced water availability in Jordan
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