Understanding Parton Distributions from Lattice QCD: Present Limitations and Future Promise

This talk will explain how ground state matrix elements specifying moments of quark density and spin distributions in the nucleon have been calculated in full QCD, show how physical extrapolation to the chiral limit including the physics of the pion cloud resolves previous apparent conflicts with experiment, and describe the computational resources required for a definitive comparison with experiment.Comment: Proceedings of Ferrara Workshop on the QCD Structure of the Nucleon 10 pages, 6 figure

Understanding Hadron Structure Using Lattice QCD

Numerical evaluation of the path integral for QCD on a discrete space-time lattice has been used to calculate ground state matrix elements specifying moments of quark density and spin distributions. This talk will explain how these matrix elements have been calculated in full QCD using dynamical quarks, show how physical extrapolation to the chiral limit including the physics of the pion cloud resolves previous apparent conflicts with experiment, and describe the computational resources required for a definitive comparison with experiment.Comment: 8 pages, 7 figures, using BoxedEPS and espcrc1 macros; Invited Talk at Third International Conference on Perspectives in Hadronic Physics, Trieste; email correspondenc to [email protected]

Incommensurate nematic fluctuations in the two-dimensional Hubbard model

We analyze effective d-wave interactions in the two-dimensional extended Hubbard model at weak coupling and small to moderate doping. The interactions are computed from a renormalization group flow. Attractive d-wave interactions are generated via antiferromagnetic spin fluctuations in the pairing and charge channels. Above Van Hove filling, the d-wave charge interaction is maximal at incommensurate diagonal wave vectors, corresponding to nematic fluctuations with a diagonal modulation. Below Van Hove filling a modulation along the crystal axes can be favored. The nematic fluctuations are enhanced by the nearest-neighbor interaction in the extended Hubbard model, but they always remain smaller than the dominant antiferromagnetic, pairing, or charge density wave fluctuations.Comment: 8 pages, 4 figures; figures improve

Particle number fluctuations and correlations in transfer reactions obtained using the Balian-V\'en\'eroni variational principle

The Balian-V\'en\'eroni (BV) variational principle, which optimizes the evolution of the state according to the relevant observable in a given variational space, is used at the mean-field level to determine the particle number fluctuations in fragments of many-body systems. For fermions, the numerical evaluation of such fluctuations requires the use of a time-dependent Hartree-Fock (TDHF) code. Proton, neutron and total nucleon number fluctuations in fragments produced in collisions of two 40Ca are computed for a large range of angular momenta at a center of mass energy E_cm=128 MeV, well above the fusion barrier. For deep-inelastic collisions, the fluctuations calculated from the BV variational principle are much larger than standard TDHF results, and closer to mass and charge experimental fluctuations. For the first time, correlations between proton and neutron numbers are determined within a quantum microscopic approach. These correlations are shown to be larger with exotic systems where charge equilibration occurs.Comment: Accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. Lett. New version with more detailed comparison with experimental data and prediction for exotic beam

Insight into Hadron Structure from Lattice QCD

A variety of evidence from lattice QCD is presented revealing the dominant role of instantons in the propagation of light quarks in the QCD vacuum and in light hadron structure. The instanton content of lattice gluon configurations is extracted, and observables calculated from the instantons alone are shown to agree well with those calculated using all gluons. The lowest 128 eigenfunctions of the Dirac operator are calculated and shown to exhibit zero modes localized at the instantons. Finally, the zero mode contributions to the quark propagator alone are shown to account for essentially the full strength of the rho and pion resonances in the vector and pseudoscalar correlation functions