Infection control and changing health-care delivery systems.

In the past, health care was delivered mainly in acute-care facilities. Today, health care is delivered in hospital, outpatient, transitional care, long-term care, rehabilitative care, home, and private office settings. Measures to reduce health-care costs include decreasing the number of hospitals and the length of patient stays, increasing outpatient and home care, and increasing long-term care for the elderly. The home-care industry and managed care have become major providers of health care. The role of specialists in health-care epidemiology has changed accordingly

Telephone in cost accounting: A novel and successful method in actual use; Telephone in factory cost accounting

In every manufacturing plant large enough to employ several hundred persons, as well as in smaller shops where the men are scattered over several floors, one of the greatest problems in connection with a cost system is to secure accurate records of the time each man spends on his jobs without requiring him to walk to and from a time clock to have his cards stamped. This is especially true in shops where men work on a number of small jobs during the day and the floor space covers a considerable area. One solution of this problem would be to place time clocks at convenient locations in each department, so that the workmen could reach one in a few steps, but when confronted with the cost of installation, the average factory manager considers it so excessive as to be out of the question, although in most cases the clocks would soon pay for themselves in securing accurate time records and reducing the clerical labor. Therefore the system devised and followed by the De Laval Separator Company at their main works at Poughkeepsie, N. Y., where the conditions of operation were particularly difficult, especially on account of the floor area, being about 4 acres, will be of interest, as their method has overcome these objections and solved the problem at an extremely low cost of installation

Serve God, Love Me, and Mend

This Honored Alumni Lecture was given at BYU Law School on October 23, 2010

Using the affordance of technology to adjust the design of a flipped learning pedagogy to address the needs of students with complex learning needs

Flipped learning pedagogy assumes that students can attend class for rich human-interactive learning experiences. However, student engagement is an important factor in successful studies, and students who cannot engage in the on-campus experience need to be considered. This paper reports on the redesign of a large first year unit in an on-campus learning institution to ensure engagement and participation in online and in-class learning and assessment activity, and specifically accommodate the needs of students who for reasons of location or learning difficulties may be unable to fully participate in a flipped learning approach and its assumptions of online and rich face-to-face learning activities. The three phases of this project were: to evaluate the current flipped learning approach to improve the quality for all learners, to interview staff and students as representatives of these non-standard students, and to propose pedagogical adjustments that would promote engaged and participatory learning for all students

On the design and development of a miniature ceramic gimbal bearing

A review is made of a program to develop ceramic gimbal bearings for a miniaturized missile guidance system requiring nonmagnetic properties and higher load capacity than possible with conventional AISI 440C stainless steel bearings. A new gimbal design concept is described which utilizes the compressive strength and nonmagnetic properties of silicon nitride (Si3N4) ceramics for the gimbal bearing. Considerable manufacturing development has occurred in the last 5 years making ceramic bearings a viable option in the gimbal design phase. A preliminary study into the feasibility of the proposed design is summarized. Finite element analysis of the brittle ceramic bearing components under thermal stress and high acceleration loading were conducted to ensure the components will not fail catastrophically in service. Finite element analysis was also used to optimize the adhesive joint design. Bearing torque tests run at various axial loads indicate that the average running torque of ceramic bearings varies with load similarly to that of conventional steel bearings

A Large Class Engagement (LCE) Model Based on Service-Dominant Logic (SDL) and Flipped Classrooms

Ensuring that university graduates are ready for their professional futures is a complex undertaking that includes, but is not limited to, the development of their professional knowledge and skills, and the provision of empowering learning experiences established through their own contributions. One way to draw these complex processes together for a large undergraduate class setting may be through a teaching and learning framework that centres on engagement. Engagement precipitates deeper learning, based on student-centred knowledge and skills development through co-creation. This conceptual paper proposes the Large Class Engagement model (LCE), which integrates high levels of student cognitive involvement and participation as antecedents to engagement, and treats engagement as a co-creation process between educators and students. The model applies services theory to conceptualise engagement in large flipped classes. The case study in this paper adds a new perspective to higher education. More specifically, it illustrates how a service dominant logic can be used to foster co-creation and thus enhance the learning experiences and outcomes in very large classes

Integrins in GtoPdb v.2023.1

Integrins are unusual signalling proteins that function to signal both from the extracellular environment into the cell, but also from the cytoplasm to the external of the cell. The intracellular signalling cascades associated with integrin activation focus on protein kinase activities, such as focal adhesion kinase and Src. Based on this association between extracellular signals and intracellular protein kinase activity, we have chosen to include integrins in the 'Catalytic receptors' section of the database until more stringent criteria from NC-IUPHAR allows precise definition of their classification.Integrins are heterodimeric entities, composed of α and β subunits, each 1TM proteins, which bind components of the extracellular matrix or counter-receptors expressed on other cells. One class of integrin contains an inserted domain (I) in its α subunit, and if present (in α1, α2, α10, α11, αD, αE, αL, αM and αX), this I domain contains the ligand binding site. All β subunits possess a similar I-like domain, which has the capacity to bind ligand, often recognising the RGD motif. The presence of an α subunit I domain precludes ligand binding through the β subunit. Integrins provide a link between ligand and the actin cytoskeleton (through typically short intracellular domains). Integrins bind several divalent cations, including a Mg2+ ion in the I or I-like domain that is essential for ligand binding. Other cation binding sites may regulate integrin activity or stabilise the 3D structure. Integrins regulate the activity of particular protein kinases, including focal adhesion kinase and integrin-linked kinase. Cellular activation regulates integrin ligand affinity via inside-out signalling and ligand binding to integrins can regulate cellular activity via outside-in signalling.Several drugs that target integrins are in clinical use including: (1) abciximab (αIIbβ3) for short term prevention of coronary thrombosis, (2) vedolizumab (α4β7) to reduce gastrointestinal inflammation, and (3) natalizumab (α4β1) in some cases of severe multiple sclerosis