Non-Abelian Discrete Flavor Symmetries on Orbifolds

We study non-Abelian flavor symmetries on orbifolds, $S^1/Z_2$ and $T^2/Z_3$. Our extra dimensional models realize $D_N$, $\Sigma(2N^2)$, $\Delta(3N^2)$ and $\Delta(6N^2)$ including $A_4$ and $S_4$. In addition, one can also realize their subgroups such as $Q_N$, $T_7$, etc. The $S_3$ flavor symmetry can be realized on both $S^1/Z_2$ and $T^2/Z_3$ orbifolds.Comment: 16 page

Fluctuation theorem for constrained equilibrium systems

We discuss the fluctuation properties of equilibrium chaotic systems with constraints such as iso-kinetic and Nos\'e-Hoover thermostats. Although the dynamics of these systems does not typically preserve phase-space volumes, the average phase-space contraction rate vanishes, so that the stationary states are smooth. Nevertheless finite-time averages of the phase-space contraction rate have non-trivial fluctuations which we show satisfy a simple version of the Gallavotti-Cohen fluctuation theorem, complementary to the usual fluctuation theorem for non-equilibrium stationary states, and appropriate to constrained equilibrium states. Moreover we show these fluctuations are distributed according to a Gaussian curve for long-enough times. Three different systems are considered here, namely (i) a fluid composed of particles interacting with Lennard-Jones potentials; (ii) a harmonic oscillator with Nos\'e-Hoover thermostatting; (iii) a simple hyperbolic two-dimensional map.Comment: To appear in Phys. Rev.

Kaluza-Klein Higher Derivative Induced Gravity

The existence and stability analysis of an inflationary solution in a $D+4$-dimensional anisotropic induced gravity is presented in this paper. Nontrivial conditions in the field equations are shown to be compatible with a cosmological model in which the 4-dimension external space evolves inflationary, while, the D-dimension internal one is static. In particular, only two additional constraints on the coupling constants are derived from the abundant field equations and perturbation equations. In addition, a compact formula for the non-redundant 4+D dimensional Friedmann equation is also derived for convenience. Possible implications are also discussed in this paper.Comment: 13 pages, typos/errors corrected, three additional appendices adde

Implications of MicroRNAs in the treatment of gefitinib-resistant non-small cell lung cancer

2015-2016 > Academic research: refereed > Publication in refereed journalVersion of RecordPublishe

Entropy Bound and Causality Violation in Higher Curvature Gravity

In any quantum theory of gravity we do expect corrections to Einstein gravity to occur. Yet, at fundamental level, it is not apparent what the most relevant corrections are. We argue that the generic curvature square corrections present in lower dimensional actions of various compactified string theories provide a natural passage between the classical and quantum realms of gravity. The Gauss-Bonnet and $({\rm Riemann})^2$ gravities, in particular, provide concrete examples in which inconsistency of a theory, such as, a violation of microcausality, and a classical limit on black hole entropy are correlated. In such theories the ratio of the shear viscosity to the entropy density, $\eta/s$, can be smaller than for a boundary conformal field theory with Einstein gravity dual. This result is interesting from the viewpoint that the nuclear matter or quark-gluon plasma produced (such as at RHIC) under extreme densities and temperatures may violate the conjectured bound $\eta/s\ge 1/4\pi$, {\it albeit} marginally so.Comment: 23 pages, several eps figures; minor changes, references added, published versio

E6,7,8 Magnetized Extra Dimensional Models

We study 10D super Yang-Mills theory with the gauge groups $E_6$, $E_7$ and $E_8$. We consider the torus/orbifold compacfitication with magnetic fluxes and Wilson lines. They lead to 4D interesting models with three families of quarks and leptons, whose profiles in extra dimensions are quasi-localized because of magnetic fluxes.Comment: 17 pages, 1 figur

A Detailed Analysis of One-loop Neutrino Masses from the Generic Supersymmetric Standard Model

In the generic supersymmetric standard model which had no global symmetry enforced by hand, lepton number violation is a natural consequence. Supersymmetry, hence, can be considered the source of experimentally demanded beyond standard model properties for the neutrinos. With an efficient formulation of the model, we perform a comprehensive detailed analysis of all one-loop contributions to neutrino masses.Comment: 27 pages Revtex, no figur

Modulation of Sn concentration in ZnO nanorod array: intensification on the conductivity and humidity sensing properties

Tin (Sn)-doped zinc oxide (ZnO) nanorod arrays (TZO) were synthesized onto aluminum-doped ZnO-coated glass substrate via a facile sonicated sol–gel immersion method for humidity sensor applications. These nanorod arrays were grown at different Sn concentrations ranging from 0.6 to 3 at.%. X-ray diffraction patterns showed that the deposited TZO arrays exhibited a wurtzite structure. The stress/strain condition of the ZnO film metamorphosed from tensile strain/compressive stress to compressive strain/tensile stress when the Sn concentrations increased. Results indicated that 1 at.% Sn doping of TZO, which has the lowest tensile stress of 0.14 GPa, generated the highest conductivity of 1.31 S cm− 1. In addition, 1 at.% Sn doping of TZO possessed superior sensitivity to a humidity of 3.36. These results revealed that the optimum performance of a humidity-sensing device can be obtained mainly by controlling the amount of extrinsic element in a ZnO film

Drag force in a strongly coupled anisotropic plasma

We calculate the drag force experienced by an infinitely massive quark propagating at constant velocity through an anisotropic, strongly coupled N=4 plasma by means of its gravity dual. We find that the gluon cloud trailing behind the quark is generally misaligned with the quark velocity, and that the latter is also misaligned with the force. The drag coefficient $\mu$ can be larger or smaller than the corresponding isotropic value depending on the velocity and the direction of motion. In the ultra-relativistic limit we find that generically $\mu \propto p$. We discuss the conditions under which this behaviour may extend to more general situations.Comment: 25 pages, 13 figures; v2: minor changes, added reference

Dynamics of Baryons from String Theory and Vector Dominance

We consider a holographic model of QCD from string theory, a la Sakai and Sugimoto, and study baryons. In this model, mesons are collectively realized as a five-dimensional \$U(N_F)=U(1)\times SU(N_F)$ Yang-Mills field and baryons are classically identified as $SU(N_F)$ solitons with a unit Pontryagin number and $N_c$ electric charges. The soliton is shown to be very small in the large 't Hooft coupling limit, allowing us to introduce an effective field ${\cal B}$. Its coupling to the mesons are dictated by the soliton structure, and consists of a direct magnetic coupling to the $SU(N_F)$ field strength as well as a minimal coupling to the $U(N_F)$ gauge field. Upon the dimensional reduction, this effective action reproduces all interaction terms between nucleons and an infinite tower of mesons in a manner consistent with the large $N_c$ expansion. We further find that all electromagnetic interactions, as inferred from the same effective action via a holographic prescription, are mediated by an infinite tower of vector mesons, rendering the baryon electromagnetic form factors completely vector-dominated as well. We estimate nucleon-meson couplings and also the anomalous magnetic moments, which compare well with nature.Comment: 65pages, 3 figures, vector mesons and axial-vector mesons are now canonically normalized (comparisons with data and conclusions unaffected