TB51: Seasonal History of the Buckthorn Aphid and Suitability of Alder-Leaved Buckthorn as a Primary Host in Northeastern Maine

The buckthorn aphid, Aphis nasturtii Kaltenbach, is one of four species of aphids commonly infesting potatoes, Solarium tuberosum L., in Maine. It is widely distributed over the northeastern part of the United States and is a pest of potatoes elsewhere in the world, including parts of England and Europe. The other three species of potato-infesting aphids in Maine are the green peach aphid, Myzus persicae (Sulzer), the potato aphid, Macrosiphum euphorbiae (Thomas ) and the foxglove aphid, Acyrthosiphon solani (Kaltenbach).https://digitalcommons.library.umaine.edu/aes_techbulletin/1146/thumbnail.jp

TB52: Seasonal Population Trends and Productiveness of the Potato Aphid on Swamp Rose in Northeastern Maine

Studies were conducted in northeastern Maine to determine seasonal population trends and productiveness of the potato aphid on swamp rose. The results presented and discussed concern chiefly chronological and phenological aspects of the utilization of swamp rose as a primary host of the aphid; time-temperature developmental requirements of the aphid in spring; productiveness of the aphid in caged colonies on swamp rose in spring; population trends of the aphid on naturally occurring, undisturbed swamp rose in spring and in fall; populations of aphid eggs on swamp rose in November and again in mid-April of the following year; and a comprehensive assessment of the probable usefulness of results from surveys of abundance of the aphids or aphid eggs on swamp rose in making advanced estimates of abundance of the potato aphid on potatoes.https://digitalcommons.library.umaine.edu/aes_techbulletin/1147/thumbnail.jp

TB60: Survey of Internal Parasites of Potato-Infesting Aphids in Northeastern Maine, 1963 through 1969

This technical bulletin reports the results of an annual survey conducted from 1963 through 1969 of parasitized aphids on potatoes in northeastern Maine, chiefly on Aroostook Farm, near Presque Isle. The authors discuss the role of parasites in control of aphids on potato plants not treated with insecticides and list the primary parasites and hyperparasites reared from potato-infesting species of aphids collected during the survey.https://digitalcommons.library.umaine.edu/aes_techbulletin/1133/thumbnail.jp

TB57: Effects of Cultural Methods for Controlling Aphids on Potatoes in Northeastern Maine

A study was conducted at Aroostook Farm, near Presque Isle, Maine, 1954 to 1958, inclusive, to determine the effects of certain agronomic cultural practices designed to delay emergence of potato plants and to decrease their exposure to infestation by spring migrants. This technical bulletin reports the results of that study.https://digitalcommons.library.umaine.edu/aes_techbulletin/1130/thumbnail.jp

TB6: Importance of Entomogenous Fungi in Controlling Aphids on Potatoes in Northeastern Maine

This publication reports on field studies of aphid biology and of associated ecological factors made near Presque Isle, Maine. Results showed that, among the biological agents affecting aphid population trends from 1952 through 1962, entomogenous fungi were outstanding in reducing the size of populations of the potato aphid developing on potatoes treated with fungicides but not with insecticides. The potato aphid was most affected by fungi and the buckthorn aphid least affected by them. The green peach and foxglove aphids were intermediate. Predators exerted a noticeably adverse effect upon aphid population trends in two of the 11 years.https://digitalcommons.library.umaine.edu/aes_techbulletin/1188/thumbnail.jp

TB39: Canada Plum, Prunus nigra Aiton, as a Primary Host of the Green Peach Aphid, Myzus persicae (Sulzer), in Northeastern Maine

Studies were conducted to determine the role of Canada plum as a host of the green peach aphid in northeastern Maine and to assess its importance as a source of infestation by the aphid on potatoes. The results relate chiefly to chronological and phenological aspects of the use of Canada plum as a primary host of this aphid; temperature developmental requirements of the aphid on this plant in spring; productiveness of spring migrants of the aphid in thickets and in cages; interrelationships between fall aphid populations on foliage, and egg deposition and overwintering to naturally occurring aphid colonies in spring and summer populations on potatoes.https://digitalcommons.library.umaine.edu/aes_techbulletin/1156/thumbnail.jp

TB56: Effects of Differing Abundance Levels of Aphids and of Certain Virus Diseases upon Yield and Virus Disease Spread in Potatoes

In eight years during the period 1944 to 1954, a study was conducted on Aroostook Farm, Presque Isle, Maine, to develop ways of obtaining and maintaining varying levels of aphid abundance on potato plants. Methods for measuring aphid abundance and their effects on yield and virus transmission were devised. These techniques were then used to determine the effects of varying all-season levels of abundance of the aphids and of virus reservoirs of two potat o diseases upon yield of potatoes and the spread of leaf roll and spindle tuber in four varieties of potatoes. The results of that study are reported in this bulletin.https://digitalcommons.library.umaine.edu/aes_techbulletin/1129/thumbnail.jp

TB19: Parasites of Potato-Infesting Aphids in Northeastern Maine

This publication presents brief synopses of the biology of several of the more common species or genera of primary parasites and of hyperparasites occurring in northeastern Maine. Three approaches are discussed for increasing effectiveness of insect parasites against the potato-infesting species of aphids, including (1) the introduction of new species of parasites or strains of species better adapted and more effective against each species of aphid than the naturally occurring ones, (2) the mass releasing of parasites in potato fields at times critical for the population dynamics of the aphids, and (3) a combination of these. The combined-effort approach is considered most likely to succeed.https://digitalcommons.library.umaine.edu/aes_techbulletin/1179/thumbnail.jp

TB54: Importance of Arthropod Predators in Controlling Aphids on Potatoes in Northeastern Maine

From 1942 to 1969, concurrent studies were made to identify and assess the importance of biological agents affecting abundance of the potato-infesting species of aphids in northeastern Maine. These authors report the results of studies relating to arthropod predators of aphids on the potato crop, principally from 1952 through 1969.https://digitalcommons.library.umaine.edu/aes_techbulletin/1149/thumbnail.jp

TB58: Further Evaluation of Entomogenous Fungi as a Biological Agent of Aphid Control in Northeastern Maine

An intensive survey and study were made each year from 1952 through 1962 to determine seasonal abundance of living and dead diseased aphids by species on potatoes and to collect many of the infected specimens for exact diagnosis. Results of the study disclosed that the action of entomogenous fungi was outstanding in reducing the size of aphid populations on potatoes. This technical bulletin reports on the results of the continuance of the study from 1963 through 1969. However, the collection of dead, diseased aphids throughout the summer was done only from 1963 through 1966 ; thereafter, diagnosis was limited to dead, diseased specimens intensively collected from potatoes during a 1-week period when fungal activity was greatest. This was usually in mid-August, near the seasonal peak of aphid abundance on potatoes not treated with insecticides.https://digitalcommons.library.umaine.edu/aes_techbulletin/1131/thumbnail.jp