Chemical Vapour Deposition of Amorphous Ru(P) Thin Films from Ru Trialkylphosphite Hydride Complexes

The ruthenium phosphite hydride complexes H2Ru(P(OR)(3))(4) (R = Me (1), Et (2), Pr-i (3)) were used as CVD precursors for the deposition of films of amorphous ruthenium-phosphorus alloys. The as-deposited films were X-ray amorphous and XPS analysis revealed that they were predominantly comprised of Ru and P in zero oxidation states. XPS analysis also showed the presence of small amounts of oxidized ruthenium and phosphorus. The composition of the films was found to depend on ligand chemistry as well as the deposition conditions. The use of H-2 as the carrier gas had the effect of increasing the relative concentrations of P and O for all films. Annealing films to 700 degrees C under vacuum produced films of polycrystalline hcp Ru while a flowing stream of H-2 resulted in polycrystalline hcp RuP.Welch Foundation F-816Petroleum Research FundAmerican Chemical Society 47014-ACSNSF 0741973Chemistr

Geometrical and electronic structures of the (5, 3) single-walled gold nanotube from first-principles calculations

The geometrical and electronic structures of the 4 {\AA} diameter perfect and deformed (5, 3) single-walled gold nanotube (SWGT) have been studied based upon the density-functional theory in the local-density approximation (LDA). The calculated relaxed geometries show clearly significant deviations from those of the ideally rolled triangular gold sheet. It is found that the different strains have different effects on the electronic structures and density of states of the SWGTs. And the small shear strain can reduce the binding energy per gold atom of the deformed SWGT, which is consistent with the experimentally observed result. Finally, we found the finite SWGT can show the metal-semiconductor transition.Comment: 11 pages, 4 figure

Quantum Dot in Z-shaped Graphene Nanoribbon

Stimulated by recent advances in isolating graphene, we discovered that quantum dot can be trapped in Z-shaped graphene nanoribbon junciton. The topological structure of the junction can confine electronic states completely. By varying junction length, we can alter the spatial confinement and the number of discrete levels within the junction. In addition, quantum dot can be realized regardless of substrate induced static disorder or irregular edges of the junction. This device can be used to easily design quantum dot devices. This platform can also be used to design zero-dimensional functional nanoscale electronic devices using graphene ribbons.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figure

Preparation and characterization of antigenic properties of gramicidin A- keyhole limpet hemocyanin and gramicidin A- ovalbumin conjugates

A rapid, simple and low cost procedure for preparing hapten-protein conjugates was developed using gramicidin A (GA) and two other water-soluble proteins, keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH) and ovalbumin (OVA). GA was a kind of antimicrobial peptides. Two lysines and a cysteine were linked to amino- terminus and carboxyl-terminus of the peptide chain, respectively, in order to form sulfhydryl groups and improve its water solubility. And the molecule weight and purity of the modified peptidechain were checked by electron spray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Then the activated KLH and OVA were conjugated to GA by using  4-(Nmaleimidomethyl) cyclohexane-1-carboxylic acid 3-sulfo-N-hydroxysuccinimide ester sodium salt (sulfo-SMCC) to form disulfide linkage. In order to obtain artificial antigen of GA, GA was linked to KLHand OVA by sulfo-SMCC coupling at room temperature. The conjugates of KLH-Peptide and OVAPeptide were identified by infrared and ultraviolet spectrophotometry SDS-PAGE and DTNB method, which could prove the activity of the sulfhydryl-groups. In this way, we have obtained a novel artificial immunogen and coating antigen that could be used to raise polyclonal antibody through immunized rabbits

Average Density of States in Disordered Graphene systems

In this paper, the average density of states (ADOS) with a binary alloy disorder in disordered graphene systems are calculated based on the recursion method. We observe an obvious resonant peak caused by interactions with surrounding impurities and an anti-resonance dip in ADOS curves near the Dirac point. We also find that the resonance energy (Er) and the dip position are sensitive to the concentration of disorders (x) and their on-site potentials (v). An linear relation, not only holds when the impurity concentration is low but this relation can be further extended to high impurity concentration regime with certain constraints. We also calculate the ADOS with a finite density of vacancies and compare our results with the previous theoretical results.Comment: 10 pages, 8 figure

Migration check tool: automatic plan verification following treatment management systems upgrade and database migration

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/135152/1/acm20350.pd

Reduction of inhibitor titres by infusion of FVIII gene transduced tolerogenic dendritic cells in haemophilic mice

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/72521/1/j.1365-2516.2009.01996_2.x.pd

Vegetation patches increase wind-blown litter accumulation in a semi-arid steppe of northern China

Litter decomposition is an important source of soil organic matter and nutrients; however, few studies have explored how vegetation patches affect wind-driven litter mobility and accumulation. In this study, we aimed to test the following hypotheses: (1) vegetation patches can reduce litter removal and facilitate litter accumulation, (2) litter mobility results in the heterogeneous redistribution of carbon and nutrients over the land surface, and (3) litter removal rates differ among different litter types (e.g., leaf and stem). Four vegetation patch types and six litter types were used to investigate the impacts of vegetation patches on litter mobility and accumulation. The results show that compared with almost bare ground patches, patches with vegetation cover had significantly higher litter accumulation, with the shrub patch type having the highest accumulation amount. The rate of litter removal due to wind was highest for the almost bare surface type (P4) and lowest for the shrub patch (P1) and Stipa grandis community (P2) types. There were significant differences in the removal rate among the different litter types. These findings indicate that wind-based litter redistribution among bare, S. grandis -dominated, and shrub-dominated patches is at least partially responsible for increasing the spatial heterogeneity of resources on a landscape scale