Local Economic Development Strategy Preparation and Implementation modalities for Sustainable Urban Development in Sub-Saharan Africa Cities: Lessons from Kigoma, Tanzania

The paper documents prospects and pitfalls of Local Economic Development Strategy preparation, its implementation modalities and required capacity in rapidly urbanising cities of Sub-Saharan Africa. It considers Kigoma Ujiji Municipal Council in Tanzania as a case study. Lessons learnt during the preparation and implementation process provides a clear understanding on the process, issues and sectors of the local economy, potential resources for implementation and planning institutions and their roles for its implementation effectiveness. This is crucial towards creating habitable and liveable cities in Tanzania and other Sub-Saharan Africa Countries with the same context. The strategic aspects that were utilized in designing the LED Strategy including the kinds of implementation process and modalities and the required capacity building, which were needed in initiating and implementing the strategy are described. Likely, system development towards institutionalising Local Economic Development Strategy in rapidly urbanising cities for community empowerment and public-private partnership creation in sustainable urban development contexts are described for learning. Keywords: “Local Economic Development, Local Economic Development Strategy, Sustainable Urban Development, Sub-Saharan Africa, Cities”

Public-Private Partnership in Land Management: A Learning Strategy for Improving Land Use Change and Transformation in Urban settlements in Tanzania

Transformation of rural land use ownership into urban influence in Sub-Saharan Africa countries is an apparent phenomenon in urban development debates. This has resulted into discouraging investors with long terms land leaseholds, augmented poverty, unemployment and conflicts in urban settlements development contexts. Similarly, Real Farm estate investors who own elephant land in rural settings found changing their land use from farming into residential and other urban land uses to adhere to policy and legislative framework requirements. This paper documents the processes and intricates the landholder namely Arusha Duluti Coffee Real Farm Estate Company investor in Tanzania encountered when transforming his land into residential and other urban land uses requirements from farm, documents the lessons the case is telling us and the rational of public private partnership in land management. The collaboration mechanism role of public, private and local government authority in land use planning, cadastral survey and subsequently granted right of occupancy to landholders through formal processes are highlighted towards ensuring planned, serviced, secured, liveable and happy city which build hope to her residents. The historical trend of land development and ownership change, change of land use processes adopted, cost and benefits implications to different actors are highlighted. The paper wind up by arguing that land use conflicts and improper policy follow-up and enforcement limits the level of investment and sustainable urban growth and therefore public private partnership in land management and administration is a key factor to reduce conflict which may arise once the areas declared ripe for urban development and for investment in Sub-Saharan Africa cities. The stakeholder inclusiveness based methodology within a realm of public private partnership domain; legislative framework and capital base creation provide the checks and balances that are defining features of good land management and governance in urban settlements towards ensuring sustainable development. Keywords: Public private partnership, land management and administration, Urban Space and Land use Conflict

World Economic Crisis and its Impacts: An Account for Sustainable Urban Housing Development and Governance in Sub-Saharan African Cities

The World Economic Crisis of 2008 had affected urban housing development systems, governance and growth in Sub-Saharan African Cities. Particular contribution in this paper focuses on documenting physical housing development system in urban space in view to housing construction processes, quality and material price volatility and households’ poverty, space use and life style changes resulted from the crisis. It assesses and provides evidence based from Moshi City in Tanzania as one of the rapidly urbanizing human settlement in the region. This paper also highlights the policy, legal frameworks, its enforcement and practical reflections in sustainable housing development. The question is what takehome message to be learned by different actors interested with urban development and growth systems on housing development and changes. However, housing governance in the context of world economic crisis occurred in 2008 and beyond for sustainable urban development are described for experience sharing. Likely, roles of different actors, impacts of the crisis are discussed which pave the way for consolidated viable strategic options for improvement in Sub-Saharan Africa cities, Moshi in Tanzania inclusive described. Keywords: “Economic Crisis, Housing Development, Livelihoods, Resource Poor Resident and Sub-Saharan Africa Cities

Community Involvement in Informal Settlements Upgrading: Evidence from Dar Es Salaam Metropolitan City, Tanzania

Community involvement in informal settlements for upgrading is a world development debate towards findingviable strategies for enhancing livelihoods of the informal dwellers, securing tenure as well as improving urbanenvironment. The paper contributes its knowledge by documenting and establishing lessons of experience on theeffectiveness of participatory process in upgrading of informal settlements through land regularisation takingUbungo Darajani case in Dar es Salaam. It explores the city informal settlements development trends, processinvolved in land regularisation in informal settlement upgrading and the outcomes of the process. Likely, thepaper provides viable options on how community initiated land regularisation process can be enhanced withinpublic-private management domains for improving the livelihoods of the poor in informal settlements. The paperconcludes by providing the future outlook on how cities can adopt land regularisation process and thereforeenhancing community development and growth process in rapidly urbanising cities of Sub-Saharan Africa withthe same contexts.Keywords: Community Involvement, Upgrading Informal Settlements, Land regularisation, InformalSettlements, Land Occupiers, Dare s Salaam and Tanzani