Ag Bankers -- Today and Tomorrow

A survey of 401 Iowa bank executives was conducted in October 2008. We received 106 valid responses. The survey requested information on expected loan growth and staffing levels for agricultural credit professionals over the next decade. In addition respondents reported the desired training and experience and expected compensation of new hires. Bank executives expect agricultural loans to grow over the next decade but at a slower rate than total loans. A gain in agricultural loan officer employment is expected net of retirements. Bank executives reported that soft skills such as problem solving ability and communication were more important for new agricultural loan officers than formal training in agriculture or business. Expected compensation levels and growth for new hires tend to lag those in competing industries.agricultural loan officer; employment; compensation; training; survey

The Applicability of \u3cem\u3eMiranda\u3c/em\u3e Warnings to Non-felony Offenses: Is the Proper Standard Custodial Interrogation or Severity of the Offense ?

This Note argues that the proper standard for determining the necessity of the Miranda warnings for any offense is the existence of custodial interrogation. When interrogation for non-felony offenses takes place in a custodial atmosphere, Miranda warnings should be required, as they are for more serious offenses. Part I summarizes the two basic approaches taken by courts that have confronted the question of the applicability of the Miranda warnings to non-felony offenses. Part Ill argues that neither the rationale for the Miranda doctrine nor the roots of the fifth amendment support a distinction based on the severity of the offense with which the suspect is charged. Part II also distinguishes the Miranda privileges from other areas of the law where such distinctions based on severity of the crime are valid. Part III considers how the component parts of the custodial interrogation standard would work in practice in minor offense investigations, and how Miranda warnings will not unduly impair investigations for non-felony offenses. Part III concludes that there are sound reasons for imposing this minor burden on the police in order to protect the fifth amendment rights of non-felony suspects

Exploring multivariate data structures with local principal curves.

A new approach to find the underlying structure of a multidimensional data cloud is proposed, which is based on a localized version of principal components analysis. More specifically, we calculate a series of local centers of mass and move through the data in directions given by the first local principal axis. One obtains a smooth ``local principal curve'' passing through the "middle" of a multivariate data cloud. The concept adopts to branched curves by considering the second local principal axis. Since the algorithm is based on a simple eigendecomposition, computation is fast and easy

Ag bankers -- today and tomorrow

A survey of 401 Iowa bank executives was conducted in October 2008. We received 106 valid responses. The survey requested information on expected loan growth and staffing levels for agricultural credit professionals over the next decade. In addition respondents reported the desired training and experience and expected compensation of new hires. Bank executives expect agricultural loans to grow over the next decade but at a slower rate than total loans. A gain in agricultural loan officer employment is expected net of retirements. Bank executives reported that soft skills such as problem solving ability and communication were more important for new agricultural loan officers than formal training in agriculture or business. Expected compensation levels and growth for new hires tend to lag those in competing industries

On the Universality of the Entropy-Area Relation

We present an argument that, for a large class of possible dynamics, a canonical quantization of gravity will satisfy the Bekenstein-Hawking entropy-area relation. This result holds for temperatures low compared to the Planck temperature and for boundaries with areas large compared to Planck area. We also relate our description, in terms of a grand canonical ensemble, to previous geometric entropy calculations using area ensembles.Comment: 6 page

Speed of sound in disordered Bose-Einstein condensates

Disorder modifies the sound-wave excitation spectrum of Bose-Einstein condensates. We consider the classical hydrodynamic limit, where the disorder correlation length is much longer than the condensate healing length. By perturbation theory, we compute the phonon lifetime and correction to the speed of sound. This correction is found to be negative in all dimensions, with universal asymptotics for smooth correlations. Considering in detail optical speckle potentials, we find a quite rich intermediate structure. This has consequences for the average density of states, particularly in one dimension, where we find a "boson dip" next to a sharp "boson peak" as function of frequency. In one dimension, our prediction is verified in detail by a numerical integration of the Gross-Pitaevskii equation.Comment: final, extended version with 2 new figure

Femtosecond Pump-Probe Diagnostics Of Preformed Plasma Channels

We report on recent ultrafast pump-probe experiments 28 in He plasma waveguides using 800 nm, 80 fs pump pulses of 0.2 x 1018 W/cm2 peak guided intensity, and single orthogonally-polarized 800 nm probe pulses with similar to0.1% of pump intensity. The main results are: (1) We observe frequency-domain interference between the probe and a weak, depolarized component of the pump that differs substantially in mode shape from the injected pump pulse; (2) we observe spectral blue-shifts in the transmitted probe that are not evident in the transmitted pump. The evidence indicates that pump depolarization and probe blue-shifts both originate near the channel entrance.Physic

Optimization of the neutron yield in fusion plasmas produced by Coulomb explosions of deuterium clusters irradiated by a petawatt laser

The kinetic energy of hot (multi-keV) ions from the laser-driven Coulomb explosion of deuterium clusters and the resulting fusion yield in plasmas formed from these exploding clusters has been investigated under a variety of conditions using the Texas Petawatt laser. An optimum laser intensity was found for producing neutrons in these cluster fusion plasmas with corresponding average ion energies of 14 keV. The substantial volume (1-10 mm(3)) of the laser-cluster interaction produced by the petawatt peak power laser pulse led to a fusion yield of 1.6x10(7) neutrons in a single shot with a 120 J, 170 fs laser pulse. Possible effects of prepulses are discussed. DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevE.87.023106Glenn Focht Memorial FellowshipNNSA DE-FC52-08NA28512DOE Office of Basic Energy SciencesPhysic

The Texas Petawatt Laser And Current Experiments

The Texas Petawatt Laser is operational with experimental campaigns executed in both F/40 and F3 target chambers. Recent improvements have resulted in intensities of >2x10(21) W/cm(2) on target. Experimental highlights include, accelerated electron energies of >2 GeV, DD fusion ion temperatures >25 keV and isochorically heated solids to 10-50 eV.Physic